Author: Cai Yijiang
There are many versions of A Dream of Red Mansions, especially after Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E compiled 120 volumes, the books circulated are even more varied. But before that, researchers paid more attention to the transcript of lipid evaluation system. More than ten species have been found, among which Wu Jia, Jiumao, Chen Geng, Wang Fu (Mengfu), Xu Qi (including Qihu, YouZhengda, Filial Son and Qining), Liecang, Mengzuo (Yangzang), Xu Shu (Jiujue) and Chen Jia (Meng Jue) are often mentioned. Among them, there are three most important ones: one is methylprednisolone; Second, Geng Chenben (also representing the finished version); Third, Qi (also on behalf of Wangfuben). The first two titles (re-comment on the Story of the Stone by Zhi Yanzhai), and the last one only talks about the Story of the Stone.
Jiamaoben: It was named after the words "To Yan Zhai Jiamao (1754) for re-reading comments" in the book, and now it is owned by the Hu Shi family in the United States. Only 16 times (i.e. 1-8, 13- 16, 25-28 times). Although the book was recorded late, it should have been the original when it was "re-evaluated". It is precious because the words are closest to the original appearance of Cao Xueqin's manuscript and are rarely changed by future generations. For example, there are five "Ordinary Cases" and one poem: the last one was moved to the first comment and mixed with the text, which has been passed down to this day. The first paragraph of this book begins directly with "As an official, you know where this book came from", which is the original appearance of the manuscript. For another example, in the deed, the stone accidentally smelled a monk talking in the world of mortals, which moved the hearts of ordinary people and asked the fairy to take it to the world of mortals to enjoy it. The second fairy couldn't stop it, so she cast a spell and turned the stone into a jade. In this 420-word plot, all the books are gone, and the meaning of the text is incomplete. There are traces in it, but only Jiamao's book exists alone.
Other words changed by later versions can also be corrected accordingly. There are also a lot of fat reviews, many of which are unique, such as mentioning the old book Baojian, Qin died in tears before the book was finished, and ordering to delete the plot of Tianxianglou. It is of great value to study the author's life and creative process.
The book says "re-evaluation" refers to the evaluation made by Zhi Yanzhai on "gentlemen" before him, not his second evaluation. Only chapter 16 is left in the book, which is probably the last number revised by Qin Xue (the missing part in the middle has traces of being revised). For some reason, he couldn't continue to revise the manuscript in a short time, so he had to hand over several manuscripts to Yan Zhi and others in a hurry in order to add batches for sorting. The part that has not been revised should be made up with the last old draft, not because he has the habit of skipping four times and coming back to write eight times, nor because he had not finished writing all the manuscripts by the year of Jiamao.
Geng Chenben: It is of the same origin as Jiumao's book, and belongs to Jiumao's Chen Geng Book. The finishing time is only two years after Jiumao (1759) and Chen Geng (1760) (Xueqin is alive, but she did not participate in the finishing and revision), so 1-40 page has "Jiumao's Winter Moon". The finished version has only 4 1 cycle and two half cycles, which are stored in the National Library and the Museum of Chinese History respectively. Chen Geng kept 78 copies, but he kept 64 and 67 copies (in other words, photocopies have been added). Both books are entitled "Zhi Yanzhai's Four Readings and Comments", which shows that the above explanation of this topic is correct. Because of the taboo words such as "Xiang" and "Xiao", I know where it comes from.
Where Jiamao's book does not exist, it can be seen that it has not been revised and finalized. For example, before the return of 13, Qin was critically ill and suddenly reported the funeral, with an interval of more than one year without any relevant explanation; 17, 18 failed to score; At the end of chapter 22, I missed the mystery of spring, especially chapter 465,438+0-80, which was seriously incomplete. Only Chen Geng can be relied on by researchers. Although its text is not as credible as Jiamao's, it is still higher than other books on the whole. Unfortunately, the author didn't make many changes. In addition, the quality of copying is not good enough, especially in the last volume, where mistakes and mistakes abound.
This book has saved a large number of fat batches, and the number of signatures and dates is far more than it, which is of great research value. For example, criticizing Baoyu's article "I know this person from books, but I have never seen him in person" is the irrefutable evidence of the novel's non-autobiography; "Although there are two names of Chai and Yu, everyone is in one, and this magic pen is also", which is the evidence of Chai and Dai's image and the author's creation. "temporarily remembering Baochai's riddle" and "Qin died before this time" can identify the addendum of future generations. There are many other things that can be corrected.
Xu Qiben: It has the same origin as Wang Fu's (slightly earlier than Xu Qi's), and it is an early book after careful arrangement. Qi and Cao Xueqin were slightly younger at the same time, equivalent to the Guo brothers in age. The book has not been separated, but it has lost its place. They are separated and supplemented one by one. Chapters 64 and 67 of the Chen Geng version are missing. This version is not only available, but also relatively credible. Although other characters have been retouched and changed, there are still many mistakes that can be corrected. Lu Xun's comments on Red were based on this.
This edition has no eyebrow comments and side comments, only double-row double reviews, and all the names and years of fat reviews such as Xueqin, Yan Zhi and Slight Change have been cleared, but many general reviews before and after the reviews have been added in the form of poems and songs (there are also a few double reviews), and the new signature is "Li Songxuan". Most notably, the original signature of the double-row batch was pasted off, and one or two unnecessary words were added to fill in the blanks. For example, 16 replies to this batch of Geng "... write the identity of Xiangling. Fat research. "This book has become such an absurd remark as" ... writing Xiangling's identity ". There are many other records of changing "fat research" into "wonderful" and "helpless". One county magistrate regarded Du Fu Temple as his shrine, and he was very angry about it. The same article said that "afternoon and September requirements are very urgent". It was suspected that powerful people at that time asked for its manuscript, and the name of "Re-evaluating Red inkstone" was hidden, which was compiled into this Selected Works of Song Li.
Occasionally, this book has important and unique comments, such as "No self-pity" for Daiyu and "So I won't do it even if I die, and I won't complain", which can only be said after I know the plot of Xueqin's manuscript.
Manuscripts other than the above three categories also have their own merits. For example, the description of Daiyu's "Miaomu" in Liezang edition is far better than other editions. 64 years ago, the poems existed alone; 79 or 80 times without waiting separately. So I won't introduce them one by one here.