Current location - Training Enrollment Network - Books and materials - What is the historical evolution of ancient book classification?
What is the historical evolution of ancient book classification?
It is difficult to count the ancient books in China, and the classification of ancient books has existed since ancient times. The first large-scale collation of ancient books began in the Western Han Dynasty in 26 BC, presided over by Liu Xiang and Liu Xin successively, including retrieval, collation, classification and cataloging, and finally compiled the earliest catalogue of the National Library of China, Qilue. Qilue divides the ancient books collected at that time into six categories: Six Arts, hundred schools of thought, Art of War, Mathematical Arts, Folk Arts and Poetry, and adds an introduction to the compilation of Qilue.

After the Han Dynasty, various ancient books compiled by the government and the people emerged continuously, and the classification methods were improved. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Xunxu's "Jinzhong Classic Book" was changed from six to four, namely, Part A recorded classic books (equivalent to six arts), Part B recorded volumes (including philosophers, military books, mathematics and folk arts), Part C recorded history books, and Part D recorded poetry and fu, which laid the foundation for four categories. According to the actual situation of ancient books at that time, the Bibliography of Jin Yuan Emperor compiled by Li Chong in the Eastern Jin Dynasty changed the history books into part B and the volumes into part C. Thus, four parts of classics, history, volumes and collections were formed.

The final establishment of the four-part system is embodied in the Annals of Sui Shu Classics, which was actually compiled by Kevin·Z, a famous official in the early Tang Dynasty, and officially marked the names of the four parts of the Classics, History and Discipline, and further subdivided into 40 categories. Since then, the four-part classification has been adopted by most historical records and literature catalogues. The Catalogue of Si Ku Quan Shu compiled in Qing Dynasty is divided into four parts and 44 categories, which has great authority.

Since the May 4th Movement, China has used the western book classification for reference and classified books according to the modern subject system. At present, all kinds of libraries in China generally adopt the China Library Classification revised in 1990s. However, because many ancient books are difficult to be included in the classification system of China Library Classification, the collection and retrieval of ancient books libraries (libraries) still adopt the traditional four-part classification.