Airport industry refers to the general name of airport operators whose main business is to build, operate and manage transport airports, among which transport airports refer to airports engaged in public air transport activities such as passenger and cargo transport and providing take-off and landing services for civil aircraft. Most airports in China are still in the initial stage of growth. Combined with the experience of airport development at home and abroad, airport business development can be divided into three growth stages: at the initial stage of growth, the profits of small and medium-sized airports mainly depend on the synchronous growth of passenger flow, and will be further expanded after the capacity reaches saturation; In the medium-term growth of large airports, passenger flow and business * * * jointly promote profit growth; At the hub airport in the later period of growth, the growth rate of passenger flow slowed down, mainly driven by non-aviation business. Specific to the passenger flow index, the throughput of 6.5438+million passengers/year is a node, and the aviation business of the airport begins to exert scale effect under this flow; The throughput of 30 million passengers/year is another node, which is the key to realize the leading profit of non-aviation revenue. According to the operation data of 20 19, among the 237 airports with scheduled flights in China, only 39 airports have passenger throughput exceeding 10000000, and only1/airport has passenger throughput exceeding 30000000.

Airport industry is a basic industry that provides transportation services for national economic activities. It does not take profit as its main purpose, and has certain strategic and public welfare. Airport construction and charge management are strictly managed by the Civil Aviation Administration of China (hereinafter referred to as "CAAC") and other government departments. According to the adjustment plan of civil airport charging standard, the state divides the national airports into three categories according to the business volume of civil airports.

Generally speaking, the income of airport operators can be divided into two categories: aviation business income and non-aviation business income. Among them, aviation business is public welfare, and non-aviation business is profitable. Aviation business refers to providing aircraft take-off and landing, comprehensive passenger service, safety inspection and aviation ground support services for aircraft, passengers, goods and mail. Non-aviation business refers to other services provided by aviation business, mainly including freight forwarding business, franchise business, leasing business, ground transportation business, advertising business, etc. Up to now, the charging standards for important items of civil airport aviation business and non-aviation business (excluding ground service fees for international and Hong Kong and Macao flights) are subject to government guidance prices and generally do not rise. The downward adjustment shall be determined by the airport management agency or service provider through consultation with users. The charging standard of other non-aviation business fees is mainly the market-adjusted price.