Forest areas such as Xiaoxing 'anling and Changbai Mountain in the northeast used to be China's rich timber treasure house. Due to the long-term implementation of large-scale logging, the survival of this treasure house is seriously threatened. Hao Jingsheng was invited by Northeast Forest Industry Bureau at 195 1 and 1953, and led the staff to go deep into Xiaoxing 'anling forest area, collected historical data of forest growth and logging, and inspected the growth, fruiting and regeneration of Korean pine on the spot, as well as the transformation of coniferous dense forest into mixed forest of birch and coniferous forest during natural regeneration, and then degenerated into hazel forest and lobular forest. According to the actual data of Korean pine tree age, quantity, natural and artificial germination rate, and referring to the forest management experience of Germany and South Korea, Hao Jingsheng clearly put forward the management policy of "mainly artificial regeneration, supplemented by natural regeneration, small-area logging operation, simultaneous harvesting and cultivation, and sustainable utilization", demanding that the old logging areas be updated and gradually updated, and "no new debts should be owed, and old debts should be paid off". He also pointed out the special threat of forest fire to Korean pine forest and put forward preventive measures. When Soviet experts put forward the case of industrial application in Changbai Mountain forest area, Hao Jingsheng expressed his views on management at the meeting, which was supported by the participants and revised. Hao Jingsheng's article "Study on the Growth and Regeneration Methods of Korean Pine Forest in Northeast China", which summarized the scientific achievements in this period, was published in the sixth issue of China Forestry1952; 1953 Completed the book Management Rules of Korean Pine Forest (unpublished).

Early planners and pioneers

1953, entrusted by the North China Management Committee and the Shanxi Provincial People's Government, Hao Jingsheng went to Shadizhan Village, Yangjing ding cun and Nancun Village, Yushe County, Pingshun County, and stayed at the home of Li Shunda and Wuhou Pear, the national agricultural model workers. During the day, he went up the mountain to investigate field by field, and at night, he discussed the development plan of mountainous areas. He dressed up as an old man in the country, wearing a felt hat and tying his fat belt with a piece of cloth. Through chatting with fellow villagers, he made a detailed investigation on cultivated land, grazing land, suitable forest land, barren hills, rocky mountains, beaches, forests, types and quantities of livestock, the number of male and female laborers, grain output, sideline and per capita income, existing fruit tree varieties in the village, waiting period of fruits, annual output, land sales and prices. At the same time, the conditions of natural resources such as trees, fruit trees, pastures, honey plants, valleys, ponds, hillsides, soil, stones, etc. were comprehensively understood, and necessary experimental studies were carried out. 1953 On April 15, Hao Jingsheng pointed out in his speech at the executive meeting of Shanxi Provincial People's Government: "Farmers everywhere know more about cultivated land and planting crops, but pay less attention to forestry and animal husbandry. Every time we go to a village, if we ask the old farmers in the village how much arable land they have? He can answer the number of acres at once. How big is the barren hills or grasslands? Shake your head and wave your hand to show that you don't know. This explains a problem: rural residents have never regarded barren hills or grasslands as land that can produce wealth, and have never thought that barren hills, grasslands and stone tablets can also produce things. If these places are used properly, the value of their products is not under farmland. "

Hao Jingsheng assisted Li Shunda Jinxing Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry Production Cooperative in Xigou Village and Wuhou Pear Agriculture, Forestry and Animal Husbandry Production Cooperative in Yangjingdui Village to formulate short-term and long-term comprehensive production plans for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry on the basis of "calculating detailed accounts and long-term accounts" with farmers. Such a plan not only has concrete and reliable figures, but also has an easy-to-understand and easy-to-remember mantra: "The mountains are far away from Lin Yuan, the low mountains are close to the mountains, and the terraces on gentle slopes turn around the mountains. Pingchuan is full of rice rivers, water conservancy projects, pools and gardens for water storage and irrigation, ...". Such a plan was printed in the hearts of farmers before it was written on paper. Even those who once thought that "no matter how many cadres come from above to make plans, the stones on the mountain will not turn into millet" also thought that "stones can turn into millet"

Ding cun, Yangjing County, Pingshun County has persisted in the all-round development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry for ten years and achieved remarkable results. 1964, a reporter from the People's Daily went up the mountain for an interview and wrote a long report entitled "Reorganizing the rivers and mountains here". Farmers still clearly remember the sonorous voice of Hao Jingsheng, an expert in forestry department: "Mountains are cash cows, so you should ask them for money". However, "the cultivated land area should not be expanded in principle, and people are getting poorer and poorer because it violates the laws of nature." (Speech at the meeting of directly under the authority cadres in Changzhi, Shanxi, March, 1953).

Advocating the elimination of rivers and natural disasters through afforestation.

When Hao Jingsheng was young, he once explored the area near the source of the Yellow River. Since then, he has been paying attention to the information about the Yellow River for many years, and has written many articles on the relationship between afforestation and river management, and the relationship between forests and floods and droughts. 1953 when discussing the Sanmenxia water conservancy project aided by the Soviet Union, Hao Jingsheng spoke at the meeting, pointing out that the middle and upper reaches of Sanmenxia Reservoir must do well in soil and water conservation, otherwise the reservoir will become a "sand reservoir". 1954, the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized an expedition to the middle reaches of the Yellow River to cooperate with the Sanmenxia Project, with Hao Jingsheng as the team leader. Before leaving, the physical examination found that the patient was dying, but he was still concerned about soil and water conservation in the Yellow River basin during his illness.

In the early days of the People's Republic of China, several hailstorms in Inner Mongolia and North China prompted Hao Jingsheng to collect relevant information. By analyzing the causes of thunderstorms and hail, the absorption and evaporation of water by trees, the influence of forests on updraft and other factors, he concluded that forests can basically eliminate hail. Although the research papers were not published publicly because of different opinions in academic circles, they were printed into a single book by the training class for forestry cadres and distributed, which played a positive role in promoting afforestation. In an argument at that time, a meteorologist pointed out that forests could not eliminate hailstones. Hao Jingsheng immediately retorted, "When you plant crops on the ocean, I will eliminate hailstones."

Forestry propagandist and forestry educator

After engaging in forestry education, Hao Jingsheng wrote an article and shouted loudly to arouse people's attention to afforestation. According to incomplete statistics, during the eight years from 65438 to 0939, he published more than 40 articles in various newspapers and periodicals to promote afforestation and forest utilization. During his stay in Beibei, he wrote many propaganda reports about afforestation for Jialingjiang Daily, and went to four townships to guide tree planting, which promoted the forestry construction in this scenic spot. During this period, he stated the importance of forest and wood to the country with the title of "forest omnipotence" Until 1980s, some scholars still disagreed with the word "omnipotent", but with the formation and development of environmental science, some scholars re-evaluated the multiple benefits of forests. People's understanding of the importance of forests is different from that when Hao Jingsheng wrote this book. Is it too much to use "omnipotent" to describe the benefits of forests? As an inspiring cry, people have different views, which will be left to history. In the 1952 intellectual "ideological reform" movement, Hao Jingsheng said "self-criticism": "I fantasize that I can make progress to the society through my own forest books and articles. I don't just write books for personal fame and income from writing fees. I mainly want to promote the development of forestry in China, because I have seen the most barren hills in China, and I always feel that this is a big problem that should be solved. The only way is to write a few books and shout them out to attract the attention of Chinese people. I used to think so, and I still think so. In the future, I still can't change my opinion until floods, droughts, sandstorms and hail disasters are reduced. " His enthusiasm and persistent pursuit of developing forestry in China is beyond words.

Hao Jingsheng has been engaged in forestry education for many years and has taught in Sun Yat-sen University, Central University, Northeastern University, Beijing Forestry College and Forestry Cadre School of the Ministry of Forestry. He is strict with his students, encourages them enthusiastically, and makes friends with many young people. Many young people trained by Hao Jingsheng later became the backbone of forestry scientific research, education and production in China. Hao Jingsheng told his students many times: "When you study forestry, you must go deep into forest areas and investigate and study in mountainous areas, because forestry itself is an applied science of production practice;" China's forestry is relatively backward. I hope you will not only become forestry science and technology workers, but also become forestry science popularization workers to meet the needs of society. "Hao Jingsheng has done a lot of work in promoting forestry and popularizing forestry knowledge. On many occasions, he lost no time to publicize to people from all walks of life, talking about the important position of forests in the national economy and people's livelihood and the urgency of revitalizing forestry. When writing an article, giving a report, or having a heart-to-heart talk with people, Hao Jingsheng can combine reality and go straight to the point. There are not only clear and philosophical scientific theories, but also popular and easy-to-understand jingles that the masses are willing to accept. For example, the slogan put forward by poor mountainous areas in Shanxi in the 1950s: "If mountainous areas want to be rich, they must develop agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry"; Grasping light soil and water will naturally not suffer. " These two slogans not only clearly point out the development direction, but also put forward scientific principles to solve problems. 1950, the forest investigation team of Zhabei Suidong made a summary in Zhangjiakou. The former chairman of the people's government of Chahar Province decided to stop work for one day and asked Hao Jingsheng to make a report. After the report meeting, it was generally reflected that it was the first time in my life to hear such a good expert report, and the role of forestry was too great.

1September, 954, Hao Jingsheng was unable to lead a team to inspect the Yellow River due to illness, but he was in Beijing and his heart was in the Yellow River. He went to Beijing Library and other units to collect and consult a lot of information about the Yellow River, and prepared to provide it to the Yellow River expedition. At this point, Hao Jingsheng's illness worsened, but he decided to go to Shanxi, and the organization advised him not to go. He said, "A group of young people are waiting for me there. They need me, so I have to go. " In this way, Hao Jingsheng went to Shanxi to prepare to lead a group of young people from the Institute of Botany and Shanxi Forestry Bureau to study the growth process of spruce in Guancenshan forest area. After transferring from Taiyuan to Ningwu Station, Hao Jingsheng began to have a fever. As there is no hospital, the headmaster of a nearby animal husbandry and veterinary school is temporarily asked to bring the school doctor to see a doctor. As it happens, the headmaster is a member of the 1950 forest investigation team in Suidong, Chabei. He knew Hao Jingsheng very well and seized the opportunity to ask Mr. Hao to give a report to the teachers and students of the whole school. Hao Jingsheng immediately went to school to give a warm report for more than two hours after taking the injection and medicine. This is the last time he spoke to the young man in his life. The next day, all the staff led five camels to the forest area, and walked for 60 miles on the mountain road 14 hours to reach the residence of Guancenshan Forest Management Bureau. At this time, Hao Jingsheng's condition became more and more serious, and the organization decided to be escorted back to Beijing by Chen Jie (later a researcher at Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences) and immediately hospitalized. 1On April 25th, 955, the scientist who struggled for forestry in China all his life died of kidney cancer at the age of 52.

Hao Jingsheng has been engaged in forestry science and technology for 20 years, and his works are numerous and extensive, ranking first in the forestry industry. The close combination of theory and practice is his academic thought; It is his working method to go deep into forest areas and grass roots, investigate and study, and solve practical problems; It is his work style to blend in with the masses and take the road of combining workers and peasants; It is his professionalism to be brave in difficulties and innovation. He combined foreign advanced forestry theory with the actual situation in China, and through investigation and research and his own practice, he compiled a book "Afforestation" with advanced theory and practical technology, which became the first latest monograph and university textbook on afforestation in China at that time, and played a great role in promoting the improvement and development of afforestation technology in China. The management policy of "giving priority to artificial regeneration, combining harvesting and cultivation, and sustainable utilization" put forward by him plays an important guiding role in the development and utilization of forest areas in Northeast China. His theory of unified planning, rational use of land and all-round development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry in mountain construction still has its guiding role and practical significance.