Analysis:

Ci is a lyric poem and a Yuefu poem, which can be sung by music. Its strict beat and various features in form are stipulated by the requirements of music. The formal differences between words and poems are as follows:

(1) Every word has a sound name. Such as Bodhisattva Man, Mink Head and Qinyuanchun. Call it lyrics. Tone means that the melody score for writing this word is not the title. The tone of each word is "the tone has a definite sentence, the sentence has a definite word, and the word has a definite tone", and they are different.

(2) A word is mostly divided into several pieces, with two pieces as the most. A piece of music was sung once. Each word is divided into several paragraphs, which is a complete song composed of several pieces of music.

(3) rhyming position. Each tone has its own format. Poetry basically rhymes as even sentences, and the rhyme position of words is determined by the curvature, that is, the music pauses. The musical rhythm of each sound is different, and the rhyme position is also different.

(4) The length of sentence patterns is different. Poetry also has long and short sentences, but with five or seven words as the basic sentence pattern, modern poetry is not allowed to have long and short sentences. A lot of long and short sentences are used in the lyrics in order to better fit the curvature of music.

(5) Words and sounds are closely matched. There are many changes in the phonetic organization of words, and some tones must distinguish between yin and yang. When writing lyrics, we should judge the pronunciation and words, and the tone of words should match the tone of music score in order to be harmonious and pleasing to the ear.

Words are written according to the score, so you must choose the tone of the words first. Yang Shouzhai's Five Essentials of Lyrics is attached to the etymological volume, saying that there are five things to write lyrics: "The first thing is to choose the tune. If you don't rhyme, you won't do it, such as Sai Weng's loss of Yin, Di Taichun's defeat, Gepulian's evil, and the tasteless fighting of flowers. " Each tone shows some kind of sound and emotion. Choosing the tone of lyrics is mainly to choose the tone suitable for sound and emotional expression, so that sound is consistent with words, sound is consistent with emotion and text. Such words can be imitated into sounds and words. -this is the first point that must be paid attention to when filling in the lyrics. Otherwise, it will lead to the deviation of form and content, and even make jokes. For example, He Xinlang expresses passionate thoughts and feelings. It has nothing to do with the wedding of Yan 'er. If you see the word "groom" and abuse it as a wedding celebration, it is wrong. Another example is "Shoulouchun". Just because there is a word "shou" in it, it can't be considered as the tone of birthday words. In fact, on the contrary, its tone is sad. Shi Dazu, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, once wrote a eulogy.

There are several ways to distinguish the tone and sound of words:

(1) According to the analysis of predecessors' records, the characters, tones, sounds and feelings in Tang and Song books are generally reliable. For example, Song Taizu wrote "Yinqiao Record" and said: "Liu's" The Warrior Lanling Slow "was sung in the early Zhou Dynasty of Shaochu, and it was sung by Nanwa in the West Building, which was called the Three Stacks of Weicheng. Zhou Ci changed his head three times, and in the end, his voice was particularly fierce, but the old flute master in the teaching workshop could rely on it to celebrate songs. " This can also be seen in the last paragraph of "The Warrior Lanling Slow". Unfortunately, such records are rare in ancient books of Tang and Song Dynasties.

(2) According to the distinction between Tang and Song Ci works: This can be based on the Poems of Past Dynasties (Ci Collection compiled by Shen in the Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty, which classifies the words since Tang and Song Dynasties by tone), and analyze and summarize their contents and emotions among many words in one tone. If seven or eight of them are the same, it can be concluded that this tone is some kind of sound and emotion. Such as "Man Jiang Hong" and "He Xin Lang" can be classified as an uncontrolled agitation. Although there are exceptions, the difference is not far.

(3) Appreciating the phonology of faded Chinese words: some words are difficult to analyze, or some works have complex feelings, which can be inferred from the phonological expression of words: generally speaking, if the rhymes are evenly spaced, the sounds and emotions will be more peaceful and relaxed; If the rhyme is too sparse and dense, the voice and emotion are either slow or urgent; Syntactically, using three, five and seven words makes the sense of sound more comfortable; If couples are arranged with six characters and six characters, their voices and emotions are more stable; If words are even, feelings will be peaceful; Make more awkward sentences, and your feelings will be depressed.

(4) Distinguish according to the writer's genre and era: for example, bold poets, whose lyric poems are more elegant and bold; Graceful school, graceful and gorgeous. -Xin Qiji, as a representative of the uninhibited school, is famous in the field of ci. Among the existing 226 works, 35 are Mink Head, 32 are Manjianghong, 22 are He Xinlang, and Nian Nujiao 19 are suitable for the * * * which is generous, tragic, bold and vigorous, that is, it accounts for all of him. The changes of the times and environment also have a great influence on the ci style of poets. For example, Li Qingzhao, known as the "graceful and restrained patriarch", had two completely different moods before and after the southern crossing: in the early stage, she wrote more about her love for nature and her pursuit of love, which was bright and beautiful; Later, I described the chaotic life of the country's ruin and death, and felt sad.