1912.1912 years, under the care of Cai Yuanpei (then the chief education officer), the preparatory office of the National Museum of History was formally established, and Hu Yuman, a professor from Shi Jing University, was hired as the director, and imperial academy was taken as the museum site to start collecting cultural relics from all sides. 19 18 moved into the front gate of the Forbidden City to the Wumen Gate and its yamen. In order to help the victims, unemployed workers and those who "died or were injured for the country", some collections were exhibited, and the ticket income was used for disaster relief.
1926 10 officially opened. During the period of 1926, the collection gradually enriched, reaching 26 categories and more than 200,000 pieces. A showroom was opened at the meridian gate, and some selected collections were displayed according to categories. In June of the same year, 10 was officially opened for exhibition, and the audience reached 45020 in that month. At the same time, the National Museum of History series was published.
/kloc-0 in August, 929, it was renamed as the Peking Museum of History of Academia Sinica.
1April, 933, changed to Beiping History Museum, Central Museum Preparatory Office.
1937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out. The work of the History Museum mainly focuses on protecting cultural relics and avoiding war damage, with a small number of pictures and cultural relics on display.
1August, 945, the old name of the Central Museum Beiping History Museum was restored. 1949 10 was renamed Beijing History Museum. 1 949101month/0/day, People's Republic of China (PRC) was established, and this museum was renamed as Beijing History Museum, which belongs to the Ministry of Culture of the Central People's Government. People from all walks of life have donated cultural relics to the museum, totaling 16962 pieces, which greatly enriched the collection. In order to adapt to the new historical situation, the museum set out to set up a new historical exhibition, making it a national, popular and scientific social education institution.
The period from 1950 to 1965 is a period of rapid development of history museums. The Primitive Society Exhibition directed by Pei Wenzhong and Jia Lanpo was officially exhibited in 195 1, which was the first attempt of China Museum to organize a historical exhibition from the viewpoint of historical materialism. Taking this as a starting point, under the enthusiastic care of the leaders of the Party and the State, the Ministry of Culture and the Cultural Relics Bureau, and with the strong support of the national cultural relics and archaeology brother units, the exhibition of "China General History Exhibition" in various historical stages was gradually completed and previewed, and the leaders of the Party and the State including President Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai and well-known scholars from all walks of life visited and commented on the museum one after another, constantly improving the general history exhibition.
From primitive society to the end of Qing Dynasty, China General History Exhibition divided historical stages according to the viewpoint of historical materialism and the characteristics of China's historical development. With archaeological excavations and cultural relics handed down from ancient times as the basic exhibition materials, it strives to comprehensively and systematically display the history of China, which is not only unique in the world, but also an important exhibition with epoch-making significance in the history of China's cultural undertakings.
1958 In August, the state decided to establish a museum of Chinese history.
1959 10, the new building on the east side of Tiananmen Square was completed, and the Beijing History Museum was renamed the Chinese History Museum and moved into the new building together with the Chinese Revolution Museum. The Museum of Chinese History was inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo. 1 961July1day, "China General History Exhibition" was officially opened to the public. After 1962, the general history exhibition has been continuously improved and revised according to the actual situation, and has successively published books such as Data of Ancient Chinese Costume, Selection of Colored Glazed Pottery Figurines Collected in Chinese History Museum, Selection of Bronzes Collected in Chinese History Museum, and Selection of Sculptures Collected in Chinese History Museum. 1966 The Cultural Revolution began, and the "China General History Exhibition" was temporarily closed.
1969 In September, the Museum of Chinese Revolution and the Museum of Chinese History merged and changed its name to the Museum of Chinese Revolutionary History. In 1970s, China General History Exhibition was revised. This revision was carried out under the personal instruction of Premier Zhou Enlai, which highlighted the unified scenes of the three historical periods of Qin and Han Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and extended the lower limit of the general history exhibition to the May 4th period. 1975 10, the revised China General History Exhibition was officially previewed. 1976 after the downfall of the Gang of Four, the work of the whole museum was gradually restored, and the famous Memorial Exhibition of Comrade Zhou Enlai was successfully held. 1978 China general history exhibition is open to the public.
Starting from 1978, the Museum of Chinese History entered a new period of development and formulated an eight-year development plan for the whole museum. In addition to continuing to improve the general history exhibition and cultural relics collection, it also actively participated in the exchange exhibition of Chinese and foreign cultural relics. He has published China History and Historical Relics Museum Records, China Ancient History Common Sense, China Concise Historical Atlas, Ming Lan Ying Orchid Book, China Ancient History Teaching Reference Atlas, China History Museum, Road to China, China General History Exhibition and other books, and organized and participated in many archaeological excavations. For example, the cultural relics exhibition unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi in Suixian County, Hubei Province, the cultural relics exhibition of Muta Liao Dynasty in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province, the exhibition of Zhang Zhongjing, a medical sage, the exhibition of China Nanhai shipwreck relics, the Silk Road and Tea Road, and the national archaeological discovery exhibition.
1983, the museum of Chinese history and the museum of Chinese revolution resumed their independent establishment, and the exhibition of the old democratic revolution was placed under the museum of Chinese revolution. 1984 The second revision of China General History Exhibition strengthened the expression of society, economy and culture in past dynasties to a certain extent. From 1988 to 1997, China General History Exhibition was revised for the third time. With the strong support of various cultural relics units, nearly a thousand cultural relics have been collected from all over the country, most of which are newly unearthed cultural relics with important historical value in the past decade. At the same time, the exhibition form has also been completely designed. The revised General History Exhibition of China was opened to the public on the opening day of the Asian Games in 6990 1 1. In September 1997, the General History Exhibition of China was officially exhibited from the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
1987, the Department of Archaeology established the Underwater Archaeological Research Office and started the research on underwater archaeology. 1989 cooperated with Japan to investigate the South China Sea in Guangdong. 1990 The Sino-Japanese China South China Sea Shipwreck Investigation Academic Committee was formally established, and successively investigated Guangdong, Shandong and Liaoning waters. During the period of 1997, the Center for Remote Sensing and Aerial Photography Archaeology was established in the Museum of Chinese History, and a letter of intent was signed with Ruhr University in Bochum, Germany, to carry out modern aerial photography archaeology, and the aerial photography archaeological investigation of Luoyang and eastern Inner Mongolia was initiated. In the new historical period, in order to give full play to the role of museums in educating the public, the mass work of Chinese history museums has also entered a new development climax. China Summer Camp for Middle School Students and Beijing I Love Tiananmen Square have been held successively, and photo exhibitions such as Modern History Photo Exhibition and China Ancient Scientific and Technological Achievements Exhibition have been held in primary and secondary schools in Beijing and some suburban counties.
1999 To celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) and show the achievements of cultural relics archaeology in the past 50 years, the "50-year Special Exhibition of China Cultural Relics" hosted by National Cultural Heritage Administration and undertaken by China History Museum and Chinese Revolution Museum was exhibited in the central hall of our library before the National Day. In the same year, the museum successfully held an exhibition of Buddhist stone carvings unearthed in longxing temple, Qingzhou, Shandong Province, and participated in the Snow Pearl-Tibetan Culture Exhibition and the China Culture Week Exhibition held in France. In order to welcome the arrival of the 265,438+0th century and celebrate the arrival of the new the Year of the Loong, the Museum of Chinese History specially launched the Dragon Art Exhibition and the Dragon Culture Special Exhibition, which were exhibited in Beijing and Taipei in June 2000 respectively. I believe that at the dawn of the new century, the museum of Chinese history full of ancient civilization and modernization will be presented to the world with a brand-new look.
On February 28th, 2003, the National Museum of China was formally established on the basis of merging the Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of Chinese Revolution.