In March 2004, the renewal of the second generation ID card in China officially began. First of all, it will be piloted in six cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Shenzhen, and will be popularized nationwide at the end of 2004. It is estimated that by 2008, more than 654.38+300 million identity cards will be replaced nationwide.
China's resident identity card system has been implemented since 1984, and more than one billion resident identity cards have been issued 100. With the continuous development of social economy and the deepening of anti-counterfeiting technology, the shortcomings of the first generation of ID cards are increasingly exposed, mainly in the aspects of poor machine readable, anti-counterfeiting and anti-alteration. The second-generation ID card uses advanced anti-counterfeiting technology. By adding special chips and modules, it can authenticate with the machine that reads the ID card. It has the characteristics of machine reading and visual reading. It is a new breakthrough of national anti-counterfeiting technology to realize modern population information management by high-tech means and make household registration management reach a new level.
In order to fully understand the necessity and feasibility of renewing the second-generation ID card in China, as well as the anti-counterfeiting performance and characteristics of the second-generation ID card, our reporter interviewed the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Public Security on this series of questions:
Q: What is the necessity and feasibility of renewing the second-generation ID card in China?
A: The necessity and possibility of renewing the second-generation resident ID card in China include the following four points: (1) The resident ID card that has been used for many years adopts the certification technology mainly based on photosensitive chemistry and lithography. The manufacturing process of certificates is complex, the quality and anti-counterfeiting performance are poor, and the problem of forgery and alteration becomes more serious. The problem of using false certificates and other people's certificates to commit crimes is increasingly prominent, which endangers social security and economic order and is not conducive to protecting citizens' legitimate rights and interests. (2) The resident ID card is a traditional visual certificate, which can only be verified by intuitive vision. It is difficult to distinguish the authenticity of documents and the identity of people and documents, which leads to the lag of inspection and verification methods, which is not conducive to document management and social management, and restricts the social application function of resident ID cards. (3) As the carrier of national legal documents and citizenship numbers, resident identity cards are widely used in social management and social life. In order to adapt to the development trend of national modernization and information construction, mature new technology has been adopted, which makes the documents have the functions of machine-readable inspection and computer networking query. This is not possible with the current document. At present, all kinds of cards at home and abroad have adopted machine-readable inspection technology, which greatly improves the security and use function of cards. The resident ID card in China is the most representative of all kinds of cards used in China in terms of the number of cards issued, the scope of application and the efficiency of use, as well as the legal status and certificate function. In a sense, it is a symbol to show the national image, status and development, so it is necessary to adopt new technologies and materials to develop and issue a new generation of resident identity cards in China. (four) the adoption of new certification technology and technology can shorten the certification cycle and solve the long-standing problem of people's difficulty in issuing certificates.
Q: What are the characteristics of the second-generation ID card?
A: The newly designed ID card is a one-page card with a length of 85.6 mm and a width of 54 mm. ..
The front of the certificate is printed with the national emblem, the name of the certificate, the Great Wall pattern, the issuing authority, the validity period and the color pattern of the certificate. The national emblem of the certificate pattern is located in the upper left corner, which makes the whole certificate solemn and calm. It is named after "China People's Identity Card" and expresses the theme well. The background pattern is the freehand Great Wall, which represents the long-term stability of China people and country. With the distant mountains as the background, the depth of the Great Wall pattern is deepened. The background is the rainbow pattern of rainbow printing technology, and the color is light blue to light pink and then light blue from left to right.
The back of the certificate is printed with the holder's photo, registration items (name, gender, nationality, birth, address, citizenship number) and color patterns. The background of the pattern is a rainbow knot pattern, and the colors are light blue to light pink and then light blue from left to right. The fresh and elegant style makes the certificate look simple and generous, giving people beautiful enjoyment in appearance, and the colors tend to be beautiful, artistic and colorful. The first generation of ID cards used black and white photos, which were not artistic and beautiful enough, and the production process was simple and rough. The second-generation ID card uses color photos. Due to the improvement of scanning technology, the definition will be greatly improved, the image will be more intuitive and beautiful, and it has the function of card collection.
Q: What method is used to fill in the Chinese characters on the second-generation ID card in China?
A: In the use of Chinese characters, the second-generation ID card has overcome the practice of manually filling in names and place names in the first-generation ID card, and has implemented "correcting names" for uncommon words. Due to the limited number of words in the computer font, some rare words cannot be found in the font. Faced with this difficulty, in order to ensure the smooth exchange of machine-readable information of new ID cards in different places, the public security department of our country collected and sorted out the rare words in the national place names, developed the rare words, and solved this problem.
Q: What are the characteristics of the second-generation resident ID card compared with the first-generation ID card in anti-counterfeiting performance?
Answer: Compared with the first-generation ID card, the second-generation ID card has the following characteristics: (1) The contactless IC card chip is used as the "machine-readable" memory. The advantages are that the storage capacity of the chip is large, the written information can be classified into security levels and stored in different regions, and it can be authorized to read and write according to management needs, and can be additionally written with change information (such as address change); The chip adopts a specific logical encryption algorithm, which is beneficial to the security management in the issuance and use of certificates and enhances the anti-counterfeiting function; A chip and a circuit coil are encapsulated in the ID card, which can ensure the normal use of the ID card in various environments, with a service life of more than ten years. It has the advantages of fast reading and writing speed, convenient use, easy storage and convenient verification by various departments using computer networks. (2) The collection and transmission of certificate information adopts digital photography and computer technology, which can shorten the production cycle of certificates. (3) Computer monitoring is adopted in certificate making and production management, which can strictly control internal management and improve work efficiency. (4) Database technology and network technology are adopted for the storage and inquiry of certificate information, which can not only realize nationwide online quick inquiry and identity identification, but also realize network mutual inquiry between public security organs and administrative departments, effectively utilize population resources, realize information sharing and strengthen social management.
Q: What anti-counterfeiting technologies are mainly used in China's second-generation ID cards?
A: Digital anti-counterfeiting and printing anti-counterfeiting technologies are mainly adopted. Digital anti-counterfeiting is used for anti-counterfeiting of machine-readable information, which is to digitize the photos, images and identity items of the holder, encrypt them with cryptographic technology and store them in the chip. It can effectively play the role of certificate anti-counterfeiting and prevent forgery of certificates or tampering with machine-readable information content of certificates.
Machine-readable anti-counterfeiting mainly uses a chip in information. There are many modules and data security information in the chip. Ordinary people can't crack this information. Even if this information is cracked, it is difficult to make this chip because the cost of making this chip is very high. Except for the forged identities of some hostile elements, they can be forged at no cost and have commercial value. In the past, it took tens of dollars to 100 dollars to forge a chip, but now the chip of electronic identity can be forged for tens of thousands of dollars, and it must have a complete decryption technology. Generally, small electronics factories do not have the possibility of manufacturing such chips, and only large electronics factories can complete the manufacture of such chips. These large factories that can make chips are unlikely to do such a thing. Even if they want to recover the cost, they will sell it for hundreds of thousands. General manufacturers will not make such investment, so the anti-counterfeiting performance is reflected here.
The visual reading anti-counterfeiting of the certificate surface mainly adopts high-tech anti-counterfeiting marks and printing anti-counterfeiting technology, which has certain anti-counterfeiting effect. Visual reading anti-counterfeiting mainly uses the technology of "directional photochromic mold" and skillfully uses the principle of light. On the plane, a piece of white paper may look nothing special, but if you hold it in your hand, it may look yellow for your left eye, green for your right eye and blue for your eyes. The second-generation ID card eliminates the possibility of forgery through machine-readable and visual-readable performance.
The reporter also learned that since its implementation in Shanghai in March this year, it has aroused widespread concern and become a hot topic among the people. The second-generation ID card strengthens the anti-counterfeiting performance of the ID card, strengthens the anti-counterfeiting measures with powerful scientific and technological means, ensures the safety of people's life and production, and brings great convenience to people's life.
The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Public Security explained in detail the characteristics and anti-counterfeiting performance of the second-generation ID card. Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, the second-generation ID card will appear with a brand-new attitude, completely replacing the first-generation ID card with its advanced and scientific nature. The application of the second-generation ID card is a new starting point of China's card anti-counterfeiting technology, which pushes China's anti-counterfeiting technology to a new level.