Source: Guangming Daily, July 2, 2000.
When it comes to hybrid rice, people will think of Yuan Longping. But many people don't know that 198 1 year, the state awarded special invention awards to hybrid rice researchers. The first winner is Yuan Longping, and the second winner is Li Bihu.
Li Bihu, secretary of the Party Committee and researcher of Hunan Anjiang Agricultural School, is not only an outstanding scientist, but also an outstanding ideological and political worker and an outstanding producer. On the eve of July 1st, the Party Group of Hunan Provincial Department of Agriculture made a decision, calling on party member, members of Hunan Agricultural System and scientific and technological workers to learn from Comrade Li Bihu.
Five golden hybrid seeds
When it comes to Li Bihu's contribution to science, we should start with those five seeds 30 years ago. 1964 When studying in Anjiang Agricultural School, Yuan Longping began to study hybrid rice. He was elected to the research group by Yuan Longping, and has since forged an indissoluble bond with hybrid rice.
1970, Li Bihu went to Hainan for the third time in order to break through the difficulties of "three lines" of hybrid rice. He found a large area of wild rice heading and flowering in a swamp near Nanhong Farm in Sanya. A wild rice plant with three abnormal tassels is the "wild abortion" (wild rice with abortive stamens) that he has been longing for for for a long time. He carefully dug out the roots of rice plants with soil, took off his clothes, wrapped them and took them back to the test base. He carries water every day, waits for flowers, opens one, and carefully crosses the male flowers of cultivated rice with tweezers. For five days in a row, 65 florets crossed. In order to prevent sparrows and voles, he moved his bedding to the edge of the field and took good care of it, and finally harvested five golden hybrid seeds.
Five seeds changed the world. The discovery and successful transfer of "wild failure" ended the wandering situation of hybrid rice research. He selflessly distributed the "wild defeat" data to the scientific and technological personnel in 13 provinces and cities, and began a nationwide collaborative research. From 65438 to 0973, the pioneering work of rice hybrid "three lines" was finally completed, and China became the first country in the world to use heterosis for rice production. Since the application and popularization of indica hybrid rice in China, the cumulative planting area is 3 billion mu, the rice yield is more than 350 billion kilograms, and the net profit is more than 1000 billion yuan. It has been introduced to more than 20 countries and regions. At present, more than 90% of hybrid rice combinations and regions planted at home and abroad are "wild abortion" cytoplasm. As the earliest agricultural technology in China, hybrid rice was introduced to the United States, and Li Bihu went to Dezhou to teach seed production technology.
For decades, Li Bihu has never given up his pursuit of science. He was the director of Anjiang Hybrid Rice Research Institute. Together with his assistants, he cultivated a series of new hybrid rice combinations with high yield and good quality, such as Wei You 48, Wei You 49, Wei You 402, Wei You 438, Jinyou 402, Baliangyou 100, Annong 8 10S, etc., which were popularized in the whole country 15 provinces and regions, with a total planting area of 400 million mu. Deng Huafeng, his assistant, successfully bred the first indica photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile line-"Annong S- 1" at home and abroad, which made the idea that the utilization of rice heterosis changed from three lines to two lines and the heterosis between varieties to subspecies become a reality, and continued to maintain the international leading position in hybrid rice research in China. This achievement won the third prize of national scientific and technological invention. During the Eighth Five-Year Plan period, he and his assistant made nine scientific research achievements.
Action is the most important thing.
Anjiang Agricultural School has successively won honors such as national key secondary school, national demonstration school of combining agriculture with education, civilized health unit of Hunan Province, advanced unit of tackling key scientific and technological problems in the Seventh Five-Year Plan and the Eighth Five-Year Plan of Hunan Province ... What is the trick of Li Bihu, secretary of the Party Committee?
He adheres to the correct direction of running a school, strengthens management, is determined to reform, and comprehensively implements the management responsibility system for the construction of two civilizations. From 65438 to 0988, he established the first demonstration base for developing agriculture through science and education in Mutong Township, Huaihua City. He gave lectures to farmers and taught technology on the spot. In the past three years, professional teachers have been organized to hold 98 technical training courses to train more than 6,400 farmers. State Councilor Chen praised the experience of Anjiang Agricultural School as representing the direction of educational reform and development of agricultural middle schools and agricultural colleges in China. He led teachers and students to set up demonstration bases for seed production and high-yield cultivation of new hybrid rice combinations in Hongjiang, Jingzhou, Zhijiang and other towns 10. Over the years, the school has not only trained cutting-edge scientists for the country, but also trained more than 65,438+10,000 practical talents for rural areas, and achieved 43 scientific and technological achievements, including 8 national awards and 28 provincial and ministerial awards. Anjiang Agricultural School has become the brightest star in the national agricultural schools. "Look at me" is Li Bihu's motto. 1July, 996, the Yuanjiang River flooded. On July 16, Li Bihu, who was attending a meeting in Huaihua, rushed back immediately. However, the flood has blocked the traffic, and he didn't flinch. He turned over seven cars in Mifune and rushed back to the school to deploy emergency rescue. /kloc-in the early morning of 0/7, floods rushed into the homes of 26 faculty members, including Li Shulin. Li Bihu led everyone to save property. In the morning 10, the flood advanced to the hybrid rice research institute of the school, and Li Bihu, who had a bag of 70 kilograms of seeds, ran away with one shoulder. His action was a silent command, and the teachers, students and staff of the school and the nearby farmers all went into battle silently. Finally, 60,000 kilograms of high-quality hybrid rice seeds were transferred to a safe place. At noon, Li Bihu went to rescue the school library. In the afternoon, he went door to door to inspect, but his home had already been flooded.
Li Bihu's personality charm affects the people around him. Zhou Daiyue, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Luojiu Town, Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County, has a deep understanding-Li Bihu is a famous scientist, but he has no shelf at all, like a farmer. I stayed with him in the farmhouse for three nights and talked for one night. He asked me, what is the difference between farmers now and farmers in the 1960 s? I said I was disobedient before. In the past, cadres had high prestige, but now farmers don't buy our account. He said: "This should be analyzed in detail. Times are changing, farmers are more thoughtful than before, and of course they are behind. But farmers are the most practical. If we change our style of work and really think about farmers, farmers will buy our account. " This year, farmers got a bumper harvest in seed production, and their income per mu increased by 500 yuan compared with previous years. The farmers are very happy. They volunteered to continue seed production this year. There was a transformer dispute in Baishipo village, and one group pulled out the poles of the other group. There was a power outage for a year, and our mediation failed several times. I also want to personally help the masses set up telephone poles, but as a secretary, I can't keep this face. Li Bihu's words and deeds touched me. Take him as an example. I led six township cadres and set up seven telephone poles for farmers. The electricity was connected, the dispute was solved, and the task that farmers had to pay was completed the next day. It is not that farmers are disobedient, but that our words have not touched the hearts of farmers. What Li Bihu inspired me is that actions are the most important and seeds speak for themselves.
A banner of scientific and technological personnel
There is a couplet posted at the door of Secretary Li Bihu's house: "Keep in mind the purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly; I firmly believe that Marxism-Leninism has fought for capitalism for life; * * * Producer (horizontal approval). " Wang Congtian, a senior lecturer at Agricultural School, said; "Today's couplets are rich in money. Congratulations on making a fortune. I passed by the door of Secretary Li's house, but I was deeply shocked by this couplet. "
The couplet "Producer" is a portrayal of Li Bihu's personality. He is selfless and has led his assistants to many achievements. When awarding prizes, the assistants put Li Bihu's name at the front, and he quietly moved his name to the back. The school has promulgated the "Measures for Rewards and Punishment of Spiritual Civilization", which stipulates that teachers will win prizes outside the school and the school will give them reciprocal rewards. More than 70 people have won awards successively, but Li Bihu refused to reward himself for "violating the rules" and refused to reward more than 60,000 yuan; He is honest and doesn't need a bus to handle personal affairs. Even if he took his daughter to see a doctor, he consciously paid the fare. Schools engage in infrastructure and enrollment. If someone gives a red envelope or a gift, he will refuse. If he can't return, he will be handed over to the Commission for Discipline Inspection. The power of example is infinite. In recent years, the school has enrolled thousands of students, and no one has asked parents for red envelopes. His house is a brick bungalow in the 1970s, which leaks a lot of rain. The Provincial Department of Agriculture allocated 20,000 yuan for his housing maintenance, but Li Bihu "misappropriated" the money to other teachers' housing.
Xie, a 99-grade student of Anjiang Agricultural School in Shuping Township, hongjiang city, has four people in his family and three are disabled. My 2 1 year-old sister has been paralyzed in bed for 2 1 year, and her family is very poor. However, there was a turnaround in August last year: "On that day, a guest came to the house. He opened the lid and fed my sister. My parents kept saying it was dirty, but he didn't seem to hear it. My nose wants to cry at the thought of someone coming into my house to cover my nose before. He is Li Bihu. Secretary Li asked me if I wanted to study. When I say yes, I just have no money. He said, come to our Anjiang Agricultural School to study! Your situation is quite special, and we will try our best to waive your tuition. I became the first free student in the school. This spring, Secretary Li came to my house to guide seed production. Hearing that there was no money to buy fertilizer at home, he took out 200 yuan to help my father. Now my field is full of green seedlings, and our family has hope. "
Li Bihu always goes to visit the school staff when they are ill and hospitalized. Zhong, the school janitor, is a lonely old man. Li Bihu has delicious food at home, so he gives it to the old man, chats with him at home, and takes care of him when he is sick. Guo, a senior lecturer whose family suffered many misfortunes, once again raised the sail of life with the care and support of Li Bihu. She still has the draft report on solving the urban hukou of her daughter-in-law and grandson, because it has the handwriting carefully revised by Secretary Li. According to the reporter's rough statistics, over the past few years, his personal assistance to needy households has been 12000 yuan.
In addition to school work, Li Bihu is also the chairman of Huaihua Association for Science and Technology and the deputy director of the Standing Committee of Huaihua Municipal People's Congress. He suffers from diabetes, hypertension and cerebral arteriosclerosis, but he is always overworked. One day in April last year, Li Bihu came to Qingshuijing Village, Hecheng District, Huaihua City with illness to teach farmers hybrid rice seed production techniques. After class, he answered all the questions of the farmers. When he was taken to the hospital, his temperature was as high as 39 degrees. On May 1 this year, people were busy traveling, but Li Bihu came to Donglei Village, Ganxi Township, Tongdao Dong Autonomous County by train, carrying 10 kg of high-quality rice seeds. He "visited" Donglei Village for three days, analyzed the local natural conditions, and worked out a three-year plan to adjust the industrial structure and get rid of poverty through science and technology with village cadres.
In the past ten years, Li Bihu has held more than 65,438+050 lectures for farmers in 65,438+03 counties, 32 towns and 98 villages, with 24,000 participants. With the help and guidance of him and the school, 200,000 farmers got rid of poverty and became rich. Zhao Xianguang, vice chairman of Huaihua Association for Science and Technology, said: "Li Bihu paid special attention to rural science popularization during his tenure as chairman of 15. He wrote popular science articles, organized a popular science tour report group, and led the association cadres to set up their offices in Bihe Village, Zhijiang County to promote the cultivation of pears in Qiu Jin. We regard him as a banner of scientific and technological personnel. "
When talking with Li Bihu, the reporter was most impressed by this sentence: "I have been dealing with seeds for decades. I have a special affection for seeds and soil. We * * * producers are like seeds! " Holding out the fragrance of rice and flowers with both hands-a record of researcher Li Bihu, president of Huaihua Vocational and Technical College in Hunan Province.
Li Bihu has such a couplet at his doorstep: the first couplet "keeps in mind the purpose and serves the people wholeheartedly"; The second part is "firmly believe that Marxism-Leninism will fight for * * * for life"; Horizontal lot-* * * manufacturer.
No one who knows him knows. This is indeed a true portrayal of his life.
For decades, he worked hard for the development of rice breeding in China, holding the fragrance of rice flowers in his hands!
He is devoted to scientific research and is a diligent practitioner.
Li Bihu, 1946, was born in the depths of the mountains in Yuanling, Hunan. The embarrassing days of "wild vegetables, wild fruits as miscellaneous grains and sweet potatoes as food for half a year" made Li Bihu establish his own ideal of life from an early age-"solving people's eating problems."
With a goal, Li Bihu went all out to swim in the ocean of knowledge, seek gold from the sand and draw nutrition. 1964 was admitted to Hunan Anjiang Agricultural School. Two years later, I stayed at school because of my outstanding performance. At that time, Yuan Longping had just started the research on hybrid rice, and Li Bihu, as his main assistant, started this dream.
Before 1970s, the average rice yield in China was less than 4.5 tons/hectare. To solve the food problem in China, it is urgent to select high-quality improved rice varieties. In order to find the ideal sterile line and maintainer line for the "three lines" of hybrid rice, Li Bihu has been breeding in the south and in the north all the year round.
Until 1970, Li Bihu finally found a large area of wild rice heading and flowering in a swamp near Nanhong Farm in Sanya. Finally, he found the male sterile plant of wild rice-"Bai Ye". Excited, he dug up rice and bamboo roots with mud, wrapped them in his own clothes and moved back to the experimental base. From then on, he carefully cared for and nurtured every day until he harvested five golden seeds.
Five seeds changed the world. The discovery and successful transfer of "wild abortion" opened a breakthrough for overcoming the difficulties of maintaining lines of indica hybrid rice in China. 1in the autumn of 973, the "three-line" system was realized, making China the first country in the world to use heterosis for rice production. From 65438 to 0976, this achievement began to be popularized and applied in the whole country, which solved the problem of eating for1300 million people.
At present, the annual planting area of hybrid rice in China accounts for about 50% of the sown area of rice, and the increase of rice production accounts for about 60% of the total output. 23 countries and regions in the world have introduced hybrid rice. Among them, more than 90% of the combinations are "wild abortion" cytoplasm.
Honor followed. 198 1 year, as the main technical backbone, Li Bihu won the "National Special Invention Award".
However, Li Bihu did not stop forging ahead, but strived to advance higher and further. During the Eighth Five-Year Plan period, he assisted Academician Yuan Longping in the research of hybrid rice, and instructed his assistants to cultivate Wei You, Shanyou 16, Wei You 38, Wei You 48, You Xiang 102, Wei You, Jinyou 402, Wei You, Jinyou 19 1, Shantou.
As an agricultural technology introduced from China, hybrid rice technology has been widely welcomed by the international community. From 65438 to 0987, Li Bihu was invited to teach hybrid rice seed production technology at Texas farm in the United States. Under the condition of fully mechanized production, the yield per mu of the female parent is 130 kg, which strengthens the confidence of the United States in developing hybrid rice and gives high praise and appreciation to hybrid rice technology.
Stop struggling and you stop living. 1988, Deng Huafeng, assistant director of Li Bihu, bred the first indica photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line Annong S- 1 in China, which made the idea of changing rice heterosis from three lines to two lines a reality and maintained the leading position in hybrid rice research in the world.
It is not enough to cultivate improved varieties. Li Bihu's goal is to let poor farmers master knowledge and technology and get rid of poverty and become rich as soon as possible. He took an active role in establishing demonstration bases for high-yield cultivation of new hybrid rice seed production in more than 0 towns and villages in Hunan Province 10, and gave lectures on the spot to help farmers increase production and income. Li Bihu is a down-to-earth scientific research practitioner.
Serving agriculture, he is a banner of scientific and technological personnel.
Li Bihu has been working hard to devote himself to agriculture and serve its development.
With the aim of serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, he established the first demonstration base for developing agriculture through science and education in Mutong Township, Zhong Fang County, Huaihua City. Over the past three years, we have promoted scientific and technological projects 15, held 98 training courses and printed 34,560 copies of materials. The township increased grain output by 3.26 million kilograms and increased profits and taxes by 3.29 million yuan. Later, the base was included in the national experimental demonstration area of combining agriculture with education, and Anjiang Agricultural School also became the national demonstration school of combining agriculture with education.
Over the years, Li Bihu has led all the teachers, students and staff to adhere to the socialist school-running direction, teaching and scientific research at the same time, and combining learning, science and promotion. He has not only trained cutting-edge scientists for the country, but also trained more than 654.38+100000 practical talents for the countryside, and achieved 43 scientific and technological achievements, including 8 national awards and 28 provincial and ministerial awards. During this period, numerous honors followed: national key middle schools, national demonstration schools of combining agriculture with education, civilized health units in Hunan Province, and advanced scientific and technological research units in Hunan Province during the Seventh Five-Year Plan and the Eighth Five-Year Plan. ...
Taking root in scientific research and actively serving agricultural development, Li Bihu is a banner for scientific and technological personnel.
Conscientiously, he is the real party member.
Over the years, Li Bihu has given 150 lectures to farmers in 13 counties and cities, 32 towns and 98 villages, with 24,000 participants. With the help and guidance of him and the school, 200,000 farmers got rid of poverty and became rich, and farmers called them "God of Wealth".
"Li Bihu served as the chairman of the Association for Science and Technology in 15, paying special attention to rural science popularization. He wrote popular science articles, organized a popular science tour report group, and led the cadres of the Association for Science and Technology to set up an office in Bihe Village, Zhijiang County to promote the cultivation of pears in Qiu Jin. We regard him as a banner of scientific and technological personnel. " Zhao Xianguang, vice chairman of Huaihua Association for Science and Technology, commented on Li Bihu.
Indeed, Li Bihu has done what others can't, and is a model of party member: he is selfless, regardless of fame and fortune, and always credits more scientific research achievements to his partners; He is fair and decent, cares about the masses, and uses his bonus to maintain the house for teachers; He dares to lead by example, lead teachers and students to face difficulties together and help comrades in distress in time; He cares about students and helps them finish their studies. ...
However, who knows, Li Bihu suffers from diabetes, hypertension and cerebral arteriosclerosis for many years and often works overtime. One day in April last year, Li Bihu came to Qingshuijing Village, Hecheng District, Huaihua City with illness to teach farmers hybrid rice seed production technology. After class, he answered all the questions of the farmers. When he was taken to the hospital, his temperature was as high as 39 degrees. On May 1, 2000, people were busy traveling, but Li Bihu came to Donglei Village, Ganxi Township, Tongdao Dong Autonomous County by train with 10 kg of high-quality rice seeds. During the three days of "traveling", he analyzed the local natural conditions and worked out a three-year plan to adjust the industrial structure and get rid of poverty through science and technology with village cadres. ...
No matter where you go to work; Everywhere we go, it affects and drives a large number of people. This is an out-and-out party member-Li Bihu.
Five seeds changed the world, and Li Bihu once created the glory of hybrid rice in China with Yuan Longping; Caring for the people and serving agriculture, Li Bihu will certainly create a more touching chapter on the land of China!
Li Bihu Scientific Research Achievement Award (Part)
1978, "indica hybrid rice" won the national science conference award;
1978 "V20A, Erjiu South A" won the Hunan Science Conference Award;
198 1 year, "indica hybrid rice" won the national special invention award (ranked second);
1982, "You Xiang 102" won the work award of Hunan provincial people's government;
1998 "Study on Breeding and Application of Early Indica Hybrid Rice Wei You 402" won the second prize of Hunan Science and Technology Progress Award;
1998, "Study on thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line of Annong S- 1 indica rice" won the first prize of scientific and technological progress in Hunan Province;
1999, "Study on thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line of Annong S- 1 indica rice" won the national invention award;
1980 "Study on Utilization of Heterosis of Indica Hybrid Rice" won the major achievement award of Shang Hu Province;
In 2003, "Research on Breeding and Application of Jinyou 402" won the second prize of scientific and technological progress in Hunan Province.
Expert introduction
Li Bihu, researcher, doctoral supervisor, dean of Huaihua Vocational and Technical College, from Yuanling County, Hunan Province, Tujia nationality. Born in May, 1946, graduated from Anjiang Agricultural School in Hunan Province, and graduated from Agriculture Department of Hunan Agricultural College, 1976. In the same year, he joined China Producers' Party.
He has been committed to the breeding and popularization of hybrid rice for a long time. He has served as technician of Anjiang Agricultural School, vice chairman of Huaihua Association for Science and Technology, vice president and principal of Anjiang Agricultural School (now Huaihua Vocational College), dean of Huaihua Vocational College, and associate researcher and researcher of hybrid rice research room.
1970 The common wild rice with male flower abortion was discovered in Hainan Island, which made an important contribution to the breeding of rice male sterile lines and the matching of hybrid rice male sterile lines, maintainer lines and restorer lines. 1973, and Yuan Longping and others bred hybrid rice with strong advantages for the first time in the world. 198 1 year, won the national invention award. He has written papers such as "How do we study hybrid rice" and "Hybrid rice combination cultivation techniques". "National advanced workers", "outstanding scientific and technological workers in Hunan Province", outstanding young and middle-aged experts in Hunan Province, Hunan Science and Technology Star and outstanding agricultural scientific and technological workers in China enjoy the special government allowance granted by the State Council.