Hao Tao
Born in 2 1 century BC, he was one of the leaders of Dongyi nationality. Legend has it that he is the son of Zhuan Xu, one of Huang San. Wang Fu, a scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, clearly said in On Qian Fu's Surname: "Li, Liang, Ge, Jiang, Huang, Ruan, Liao, Zhuge, Ying, Zhao, Qin, Shen and Xu are all behind." When Hao Tao assisted Shun Di, he was appointed as the official in charge of criminal law and was famous for his good management of prisons. It was because of his high prestige that he was appointed as Qiu after his succession. As a result, all the evils in the world have been rehabilitated and people live and work in peace and contentment. During his tenure, Hao Tao put forward many wise strategies, thinking that governing the world should be carefully cultivated, with special emphasis on "knowing people" and "protecting the people". His idea was appreciated by Yu Di, who thought he was the most talented and gave the rich Lu 'an area, the gateway of Dabie Mountain, to his descendants, and took him as a successor. However, Yu died before he gave up the throne. Buried in Lu 'an.
Laozi
(580- 500), surnamed Li, was born in Guoyang County, Bozhou City, Anhui Province, and was the founder of Taoism. He used to be a historian (librarian) in the collection room of the Zhou Dynasty, then abandoned his official position and retired. Legend has it that when I retired, I rode Qingniu Road and passed Hanguguan. Hanguguan ordered me to write a book, so more than 5,000 words of Laozi remained in later generations. Laozi, that is, Tao Te Ching, is divided into two parts: Tao and morality, which basically reflects Laozi's thoughts. Tao is "nothing", but this "nothing" does not exist, and Tao is "empty" because it is very inclusive. "Virtue" is the Tao. A small country with few people is the social representation of Laozi's Tao. Laozi's Taoist thought opened the spiritual connotation of China's advocating nature and striving to integrate with nature for thousands of years.
Zhuangzi
(369- 286 BC), born in Song Dynasty (now Mengcheng, Anhui Province), was a famous philosopher and a representative of Taoism. He inherited and developed Laozi's viewpoint of "Tao is natural", holding that "Tao" is infinite, and the ultimate meaning and highest realm of life is unity with Tao. Emphasize the self-development of things and deny the domination of God. His thought contains simple dialectical factors. His works, including Zhuangzi, also known as the South China Classic, are one of the Taoist classics. Zhuangzi is of great philosophical and literary research value. Famous articles include Happy Travel, On Everything, and Master of Health. The article "Health Master" is especially famous for "knowing how to treat cattle".
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong was famous for his appearance in the State of Qi.
A famous politician and thinker in the Spring and Autumn Period. He was recommended by Bao, was named Qing, and was honored as "Guan Zhong". He assisted Qi Henggong in the comprehensive reform of domestic and foreign policies, and divided the country into fifteen townships and six industrial and commercial townships, with officials at all levels in charge and village organizations in the townships as troops. Advocate taxation according to the quality of land, levy appropriate forced labor, and prohibit looting of livestock; Use the power of the government to develop the salt and iron industry, raise and manage money, and adjust prices; Chartered to select scholars among civilians and promote them as an exception. Help Qi Huangong to call for "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries", and make Qi prosperous day by day, becoming the first of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Guan Zhong is one of the founders of pre-Qin Legalists. There are 76 existing Guanzi, most of which are borrowed by later generations.
Sun Sun Ao
Huo Qiu was an outstanding politician in the Spring and Autumn Period. In 60 1 year BC, he served as Lingyin (Chu Xiang) of Chu State, assisted Chu Zhuangwang parishioners, reduced or extended administrative punishment, developed the economy, and made remarkable achievements. He presided over the construction of Shaobei (now Anfengtang), which improved agricultural production conditions and enhanced national strength. Sima Qian listed him as the first person in Historical Records and Biography of Officials.
Canrob
At the end of the Warring States Period, he was born in Cai Xia (now Ganluo Township, Yingshang County). Sun Weicheng, Qin Zuo. 12 years old, detained by Lv Buwei in Qin dynasty. Qin ordered Zhang Tang to go to Yan State as a relative, because Tang Zeng was afraid that he would take revenge on Zhao for Qin Zhao's Wang Dong's expedition to Zhao State. Lv Buwei personally invited Zhang Tang, but he still refused to preach. Gan Luo, don't be surprised. First, he persuaded Zhang Tang with interests, and then he went to Zhao Weizhi to persuade the prince of Zhao. First, he cut five cities and Qin, and then he joined forces with Qin to attack Yan, and gained thirty cities in Shanggu (now southeast of Huailai, Hebei Province), giving1/city to Qin. Because Ganluo was highly praised, he was named Shangqing. After his death, he was buried on the banks of the Shui Ying River, 35 miles east of Yingshang and south of Mugangzi today.
Han Dynasty, Three Kingdoms, Jin Dynasty, Southern and Northern Dynasties
Bobby Chen? ~ the first 208) word involved. Yangcheng (now a native of Guzhen County, southeast of Dengfeng, Henan Province) is a local. Peasant background.
In the first year of Qin Ershi (the first 209 years), he was ordered to garrison Yuyang (now southwest of Beijing). Because of the flood delay, he was beheaded according to Qin law. So together, he launched an uprising of 900 people in osawa Township of Qixian County (now Liucun, southeast of Su County). All localities responded in succession, and the ranks grew to tens of thousands. Zhang Chu regime was established in Chen County (now Huaiyang, Henan Province), and Chen Sheng was promoted as king. Xuan sent troops to capture the land of Zhao and Wei, and sent the main force to attack Guanzhong. After Zhou Wen's defeat, Zhang Han, the general of the State of Qin, retaliated with superior forces and besieged Chen Jun.. Chen Sheng led an army to fight back.
Defeated and retired from guarding the city (now southeast of Yang Guo), he was killed by the traitor Zhuang Jia.
Fan Ceng
(277- 204 BC): Juchao (now Chaohu City) at the end of Qin Dynasty was the main counselor of Xiang Yu in the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty and was honored as the "father of the country". He persuaded Xiang Liang to be a descendant of Chu Huaiwang, the king of Chu. During the siege of Julu, he sent Xiang Yu to save Zhao, taking him as the last general, and then Xiang Yu assisted him. He repeatedly advised Xiang Yu to kill Liu Bang, but Xiang Yu just wouldn't listen. Later, in Xiang Yu's place, Liu Bang fought back and stripped him of his power. He left angrily and died on the road. After his death, Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu, unified the world and established the Han Dynasty.
Sean
Father of the city in the late Qin and early Han dynasties (now Bozhou city), word ovary, counselor and minister in the late Qin and early Han dynasties, and ancestor of five generations. After Qin destroyed Korea, he attacked Qin Shihuang in Bolangsha and missed. When he fled to Xiapi, he met Huang Shigong and obtained the art of war, which was profound and resourceful. As Liu Bang's main "brain trust". In the Chu-Han War, he put forward some strategies, such as not establishing the descendants of the six countries, linking Ying Bu and Peng Yue, and reusing Han Xin, and advocated pursuing Xiang Yu and annihilating the Chu army, which laid a solid foundation for Liu Bang to complete the great cause of reunification. Liu Bang's famous sentence "It is better than planning a thousand miles away" has also been passed down through the ages. When the Han dynasty was established, it was closed, waited, and then abdicated.
Huan Tan (first 23 ~ last 56)
The word junshan. A native of Guo Xiang (now Huaibei) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Young and knowledgeable, learn the five classics. He often argues with famous scholars such as Liu Xin and Yang Xiong. Good at music, like playing the piano. Wang Mang was a doctor in charge of music at that time. Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty
Tan acceded to the throne, was saved by General Song, and worshipped Lang as a servant. Because he opposed divination and taboo theology, he said that "divination is not scripture" and was regarded as "sacred" by Emperor Guangwu, who was beheaded several times. After escaping the death penalty, he became a county magistrate in Lu 'an and died on the way. He is over 70 years old. This new theory was lost a long time ago, and Yan Kejun of A Qing Dynasty kept several articles in Chinese. His philosophical thoughts have a great influence on the development of atheism in later generations. There is a burial after death. 1987 Huaibei City built "Huan Tan Memorial Pavilion" and "Huan Tan Monument" under Xiangshan Mountain.
Cao Cao
(155-220) statesman, strategist and poet in the Three Kingdoms period, the founder of Cao Wei regime. In 208 AD, Battle of Red Cliffs started, forming a tripartite confrontation with Sun Quan and Liu Bei. Jian 'an carried Wang Wei for twenty-one years. Xelloss proclaimed himself emperor and worshipped Cao Cao as Wei Wudi. Cao Cao unified the north, built water conservancy projects and appointed people on their merits, which broke the concept of family status. He is well versed in the art of war, and has written A Brief Explanation of the Art of War and A Summary of the Art of War. Good poems, the style of Jian 'an, "Good", "Looking at the Sea" and other famous articles are well-known. There is a typesetting copy of Cao Caoji today.
Cao zhi
(192 ~ 232) Zi Zijian. An outstanding poet in Jian 'an, the third son of Cao Cao, has a low intelligence and is quite favored by his father. He tried to make him a prince several times, but Cao Zhi never made him an heir because he was aloof, indulgent, drunk and dissatisfied with Cao Cao. Jian 'an 16 years closed the plain, Jian 'an 19 years changed to Linzihou. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, Cao Zhi suffered suspicion and persecution, was repeatedly relegated and changed his fief. Cao Pi tried to kill Cao Zhi several times. It is said that he forced Cao Zhi to write a seven-step poem, and as a result, he forced out the famous seven-step poem. He died of depression at the age of 42. His poems are extremely artistic and have played a great role in promoting the development of five-character poems. Today, the collection of books in Cao Zijian is 10.
Cao Pi (187 ~ 226) was born in Huan Zi. That is, Wei Wendi. The second son of Cao Cao. In the sixteenth year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2 1 1), the five senses were of medium grade.
General and deputy prime minister. In 22 years, he became a prince. Cao Cao died, and was succeeded by the Prime Minister and Wang Wei. The Han Dynasty proclaimed himself emperor, with the titles Wei and Du Luo.
Yang. During his reign, following the example of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, he implemented the policy of "quietism, sharing interest with the people" and formulated the "Nine-product Right Law", which made the clan rule begin to be established. Good literature was the leader of the literary world at that time. His Ge Yanxing is the earliest existing seven-character poem. place
Dian Lun Wen is an early monograph of literary theory criticism in China. There are about 40 existing poems. There are 5 volumes of Dian Lun, 3 volumes of Biography and 23 volumes of Anthology, which have been lost. The Ming Dynasty compiled The Collection of Wei Wendi. Stevie.
Hua Tuo
During the Three Kingdoms period, Qiao County (now Bozhou, Anhui Province) was a physician at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He is proficient in internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics and acupuncture, especially in surgery. He invented the general anesthetic _ _ Mafeisan, which is the earliest record of surgical treatment with general anesthesia in the history of world medicine, more than 600 years earlier than in the west. Hua Tuo emphasized physical exercise and advocated disease prevention. He imitated the movements and postures of tigers, deer, bears, apes and birds, and created the "Five Birds Play" fitness method. Later he was killed by Cao Cao. The existing Sino-Tibetan Scriptures are masterpieces of later generations.
Zhou Yu (A.D.175-210)
Shucheng county people. A famous soldier in the Three Kingdoms of Wu Dong. In the third year of Jian 'an in the Han Dynasty (A.D. 198), Zhou Yu was named as a corps commander of Jianwei by Sun Ce at the age of 24, so later generations called him Zhou Lang. After Sun Quan succeeded to the throne, Zhou Yu was appointed as the Guards of China, and Zhang Zhao, a long history, was in charge of state affairs. In the 13th year of Jian 'an in the Han Dynasty, Sun Quan made Zhou Yu the viceroy. In September of that year, Cao Cao sent troops south again, and Zhou Yu conspired with Zhuge Liang to set fire to Cao Cao's camp in Chibi, which won a great victory. History called Battle of Red Cliffs, thus forming a tripartite confrontation pattern of Wei, Shu and Wu. There are many sites in Shucheng, such as Zhouyucheng and Zhouyuqiao.
The word Lu Su (172 ~ 2 17). Linhuai Dongcheng (now Dingyuan County) people. Born in Tu nationality, I like reading and riding and shooting.
Zeng Zeng 3000 hectares of rice became friends with Zhou Yu and lived in the Bird's Nest, which Zhou Yu recommended to Sun Quan. Sun quan asked the world, the' way
"Han can't be resurrected, Cao can't be killed, and for the sake of the general, only standing in Hedong and seeing the world" is highly praised by Sun Quan. In the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), Cao Cao led his troops south, and Su and Zhou Yu resolutely fought the main battle, and suggested that Sun Quan unite with Liu Bei, but * * * refused and was adopted by Sun Quan. As the captain of Zanjun, he helped Zhou Yu to attack Cao Jun in Chibi. After Zhou Yu's death, he served as a captain of Fenwu and led the army on his behalf. Later, I worshipped the satrap of Hanchang and was partial to the general. Since Sun Quan broke Anhui City, he worshipped General Hengjiang. He is good at running the army, writing articles and thinking deeply about the Lord. The Book of Wu says that he has extraordinary knowledge.
Monroe (178 ~ 2 19) is very clear. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Runan was a native of Pi Fu (now Funan County). Less in accordance with the Ministry of Sun Ce Deng Dang, when death.
, on behalf of the department. Since Sun Quan, he has served as a corps commander in Yokono. Later, Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and others broke Cao Cao in Chibi. Sun Quan advised him.
Read more history books and art books and work hard. Later, "I learned a lot, but I didn't return to Wu Xia Meng." In the 22nd year of Jian 'an in Han Dynasty (2 17), Lu Su died, took over the army and was ordered to guard the country. Twenty-four years, the rate of the main arrived in Xiangyang, Fancheng, as viceroy, straight for Jiangling, a war.
The ship disguised itself as a merchant, and the foot soldiers disguised themselves as businessmen, and kept going to the police day and night, forcing Fu Shiren, commander-in-chief of Shu, to defect and occupy Jingzhou. Spin died of illness.
Ji Kang (223 ~ 262) is a night uncle. People from Wei Qiao County (including Linhuan, Suixi County) in the Three Kingdoms. Lonely and poor, I have long been married to the Wei clan.
For marriage. Officials are scattered in the middle, and the world is scattered in the middle. Knowledgeable, good at Laozi, Zhuangzi and Qigong. Good at drumming, painting and calligraphy, and Ruan.
With the same name, it is one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest". His philosophical thought advocates "the spirit of Tao, the nature of all things" and puts forward "the teaching of the moon"
The theory of "letting nature take its course", which opposes the tedious Confucian ethics, is politically characterized by short temper and sharp edge. His friend Dan Tao (
Juyuan) took refuge in Sima, was appointed as the official department minister, and advised Kang to be an official and break up with him. He was deeply dissatisfied with the dark politics at that time, so he directly violated the Si Mazhao political group that used ethics to plot, and was framed and executed. Today's Biography of San Ji in Jizhong is 10.
There are other paintings, such as The Lion Beats the Elephant and Wash the Ears in the Nest.
Constant temperature (3 12 ~ 373) characters. Ziyi. When I was young, I was "bold and graceful, and it looked great." I am the satrap of Langya.
Princess Nankang, the eldest daughter of Shang Ming, broke the law and moved to Xuzhou as a secretariat. Following the Jingzhou secretariat, General Anxi was appointed. He Jinyong
In the second year (346), he led the army to the west, directed at Chengdu, recovered the land of Shu, gained great fame, and was promoted to General Xi and made a duke. In the tenth year of Yonghe (354), he rode 40,000 troops one step at a time, collected Guanzhong from Zhechuan and sent a water army in Jiangling, which went hand in hand with land and water, and was defeated by Qin Jun before losing streak. Twelve years,
As a conqueror, he was in charge of the military affairs of the division, Hebei and Zhou. The second northern expedition, arrived in Yishui, fought with Yao Xiang from the water, suffered a crushing defeat and retreated.
Fu Jiyang. Feng Nan Simon. Later, he was granted the governor of the three States of merger, division and Hebei, but he was not controlled by it. In the fourth year of Taihe (369), posthumous title was given a stone in the middle.
General Ren Pingbei led assassins in Xu and Yanzhou. He led 50,000 troops to the Third Northern Expedition and attacked Yan Qian. The route for providing foodstuff was cut off by the former Qin Dynasty and lost. Before the first year of Wei (37 1), Fu Jian led troops to attack Jin and was stationed in the army. Wen Zi led the troops to meet them in Guangling, and defeated Qin Jun. Post-waste department
Sima Yi, the founder of Sima Yi, was in charge of state affairs. There are 20 volumes of collected works handed down from generation to generation.
Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties
Zhu Wen (852 ~ 9 12) was originally named Zhu Quanzhong. Dangshan people. In the fourth year of Tang Ganfu (877), he and his second brother Zhu Cun participated in the Huang Chao Uprising. Huang chaojian
When the Daqi regime was established, he served as the state defense ambassador. Later, he rebelled against the nest and fell to the Tang Dynasty, breaking the nest army. Tang Zhaozong named him "Quan Zhong". Tianfuyuan year (90 1), named Liang Wang. Tang Zhaozong's topic is "Returning to Heaven, Rebuilding Loyalty and Being a Hero". God bless
In four years (907), he killed Li, the late emperor of the Tang Dynasty, proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of the Tang Dynasty, changed his surname to Huang, established his capital as Biandu, and became the ancestor. After working for two years, (9 12) was brutally killed by his son Zhu. Buried in Yike County, Henan Province,No. Ling Xuan.
Zhu (1 130- 1200), a native of Wuyuan, Huizhou (now Jiangxi), was a famous thinker and educator in the Southern Song Dynasty and a master of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. Zhu integrated Taoism and Zen thoughts into Confucianism and put forward a series of important theories, such as "Qi", "Nature" and "Learning from Buddhism". Based on "natural principles", a strict and self-disciplined Confucian ideological system was established. Zhu developed the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, and established the largest and most complete idealistic philosophy system in ancient China, which was called Neo-Confucianism in the world and became the authentic official philosophy in the late feudal society of China. Zhu Yisheng's works are extremely rich, and his representative works include Notes on Four Books, Poems, Zhuzi Style, Recent Thoughts and so on.
Bao Zheng (999- 1062), born in Hefei, was a famous official and politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. He has served as magistrate of a county, magistrate, censor, servant of Tianzhangge, bachelor of Longtuge, and deputy envoy of the Council. After his death, he was awarded the title of minister of rites and was named Bao Xiaosu. When Bao Zheng was appointed as the official of Kaifeng Prefecture, he was upright and upright, detested evil as hatred, strictly enforced the law, and was not afraid of powerful people. Some people say that "without joints, there will be Yamaraja to provide for the aged", creating a generation of honest officials. Bao Zheng was known for his honesty all his life. In his later years, he set aside a stone tablet at home, which read "Family precepts are sincere". His posthumous works include The Memorial of the Bag. His deeds have been circulated among the people for a long time, and novels and plays mostly take this as the theme.
Bi Sheng (? -about 105 1), a native of Huizhou (now Shexian County, Anhui Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty, was the inventor of movable type printing. During the Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty (104 1- 1048), Bi Sheng pioneered the clay movable type edition, which made the printing of books more convenient. Bi Sheng invented lettering on a piece of clay, word by word, which became movable type after being hardened by fire. Movable type can be used many times, which is more economical and convenient than full-page engraving, and the printing speed is much faster than before. Later, movable type gradually changed from clay to wood, copper and lead, and developed into modern movable type printing, but its basic principle was still movable type printing invented by Bi Sheng.
Li (1049— 1 106)
Shucheng county people. Long Mianju, a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, is known as "the first painting in the Song Dynasty". He is good at line drawing, and his pen is like flowing water. He is called "line drawing", especially good at drawing horses. Su Dongpo once praised him: "The dragon sleeps with thousands of bones in his chest, drawing both meat and bones." In the history of China painting, Li is a master who links the past with the future. He wrote many works in his life, and only Xuanhe Huapu recorded 107 works. 196 1 was listed as one of the top ten famous painters in China by China Painting Academy.
Fang La (? ~ 1 12 1) My old name is me. Born in poverty, I worked as a farmer and a hoop bucket, and have been to Qingxi County (now Chun 'an) in Zhejiang Province.
Helper. Because of Hua Shigang's trouble, Zoroastrianism was used to mobilize the hungry to "do righteousness". Song Xuanhe two years (1 120) autumn, in
Zhejiang Qingxi Lacquer Garden (now East Garden of Ye Jia Village, Chun 'an) swore to revolt, calling itself "Gong Sheng" with the title of "Yongle" and establishing a peasant government.
That's right. At the end of the same year 1 1 month, in Qingxi and Xikeng, more than 5,000 people were annihilated by Zhejiang governors Cai Zun and Yan Tan. Concentrated on1February 3rd.
Twenty thousand troops conquered Zhou Mu and then joined forces with Shexian, Xiuning and Hangzhou. Capture 6 States and 52 counties within half a year. The Tong Guan rate of schools in Song Dynasty was 6.5438+0.5 million.
The army suppressed, and the rebels lost one after another because of the scattered forces and the rebellion of Hongzai and others. Hangzhou and Qingxi successively fell, and then retreated.
In late April of the third year of Bangyuandong, Song Jun invaded Bangyuan, and Fang La and other rebel generals were captured because of traitors' informers. He died in Bianjing in August. Under the leadership of Lu and others, the rest moved to Wenzhou, Taizhou and other places one after another until the following autumn.