Shanghai library east hall
The above picture was not built in a day, and 70 years is just the present and present life of this "cultural symbol". Shanghai Library was founded in 1952 with a long history. In addition to the private collections donated by some social people, many libraries in Shanghai have been "merged" since the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, which has also played an important role in enriching the collections of Shanghai libraries. Among them, 1958+ 10 was the landmark \ "Four Libraries Merged \": Shanghai Library merged with Shanghai Science and Technology Library, Shanghai Newspaper Library and Shanghai Historical Literature Library to form Shanghai Library, which was also called "Four Libraries in One" at that time.
Shanghai Library
After many years, the names of the latter three are gradually unfamiliar to readers, but you can still trace them when you stroll through Shanghai. Let's explore the past of Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Shanghai Newspaper Library and Shanghai Historical Literature Library along this tree-lined block, and meet the forest in our previous life.
/kloc-More than 0/00 years ago, in the summer of 19 14, with the dream of saving the country through science, a group of China students from the other side of the ocean gathered at Cornell University and established the earliest comprehensive scientific society in modern China: China Science Society. A few years later, they returned to China, and the Chinese Science Society took root in the motherland. Ren Hongjuan, Ding Wenjiang, Weng Wenhao, Zhu Kezhen ... are full of talents and the stars are shining. They conducted scientific research, founded magazines, held lectures and exhibitions, and also established a science and technology library: Mingfu Library, which was the predecessor of Shanghai Science and Technology Library.
Mingfu library when it was first built.
Mingfu Library, located at the northeast corner of the intersection of Shaanxi South Road and Shaoxing Road, was built at 1930, and was named in memory of Hu Mingfu, the leader of the Chinese Science Society who died young. The library was designed by Yongning Construction Company and built by Zhu Senji Construction Factory. The main building "Mingfu Building" is a three-story building, reinforced concrete structure, facing south, with square architectural form, simple facade and modernist style. The main entrance of Mingfu Building is decorated with traditional elements of China, and the waistline and cornice above the second floor of the building are decorated with geometric patterns. 1943 "Mingfu Building" has a cracked roof and rainwater seeps in. During the occupation of Shanghai, the market was depressed and there were many difficulties. With the help of Yan Yutang and Yan, the bosses of Dalong Machinery Factory, Lu Shusen is responsible for the design, and Xinheji Construction Factory is responsible for the construction. /kloc-in the summer of 0/944, the renovation project was completed, and Mingfu Library was razed to the ground.
Mingfu library
As the earliest specialized library of science and technology in China in modern times, Mingfu Library has rich scientific and technological books, especially those on biology and mathematics, and has ordered a large number of European and American scientific and technological publications, enriching its collection. In addition, there are collections of ancient scientific and technological works in China, such as The Complete Book of Agricultural Administration, Meng Qian's Notes, Heavenly Creations, French Architecture and so on. Mingfu Library was not only open to scientific people, but also held various popular science lectures to spread scientific knowledge to the public, which was quite influential in Shanghai at that time.
1947 List of Some Newly Arrived Books in Mingfu Library
1954, the Science Society of China donated Mingfu Library to China, which was later renamed as "Shanghai Science and Technology Library" and merged into Shanghai Library in 1958. According to statistics, there were more than 40 thousand books and periodicals at the time of handover. After being incorporated into the above picture, "Mingfu Building" is used as Luwan District Library again. 1998, Mingfu Library resumed its original name with a long history, which continues to this day.
Mingfu library today's movie
From Mingfu Library to the west, walk less than 2 kilometers along the boulevard in the old French Concession. Today, at the intersection of Fuxing West Road, Huaihai Middle Road, a small building with a clear red brick exterior wall came into view. This was the former Hong Ying Library and one of the sources of the Shanghai Newspaper Library when the four libraries merged.
Hong Ying Library is a fake three-story residential building, facing south, with a simple facade, small square windows, a terrace on the second floor and a large garden lawn around the house. Its establishment can be traced back to 1924, when Huang Yanpei and others founded the humanities editorial department of Jiazishe in Shanghai. This group is engaged in the collection and classification of academic materials in the political, economic and cultural fields. From 1930, the monthly humanities magazine and series were edited and published, and the name was changed to Humanities Society the following year. 1933, industrialist and businessman Ye donated hundreds of thousands of yuan to the agency, so it was renamed as a library, with Huaihai Middle Road 14 13 as the preparatory office. Since then, due to various reasons, the new library has not been built, and this small building has finally become a symbol of Hong Ying Library in people's hearts.
Hong Ying Library Line Number and Road Catalogue (version 1940)
Since its establishment, Hong Ying Library has been an important institution engaged in document collection and indexing in Shanghai, following the initial intention of Jiazi Society. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Hong Ying Library was harassed by Japanese invaders, and some books and materials were looted, but it still didn't stop working. By the end of 1946, there were more than 40,000 books, magazines1/Yu Ben, charts 137, 65 rubbings, daily newspapers 134 and newspaper historical materials 1000.
In September, 1952, the board of directors of Hong Ying Library donated the library to the government. After the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Culture took over, it was designated as a periodical professional library, focusing on the collection, arrangement and application of periodical materials. Since then, the library has merged with the Shanghai News Library established by 1949+02 and 15 to become the Shanghai Newspaper Library. 1958 After the merger of the four libraries, Hong Ying Library has finally become a part of today's Shanghai Library. Today, the stamps collected by Hong Ying Library can still be seen on the covers of many periodicals of the Republic of China in the above picture. After years of vicissitudes, this small red building has become Xuhui Art Museum and continues to be an important cultural landmark in this block covered by buttonwood trees.
The former site of Hong Ying Library is now Xuhui Art Museum.
If Mingfu Library and Hong Ying Library, which were established in the early 1930s, reflected the prosperity and development of Shanghai in this period, then He Zhong Library, the predecessor of Shanghai Historical Literature Library, which was established in the "isolated island period", represented the city's persistence in cultural inheritance in the war.
1937 When War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out and Shanghai fell, Ye Jingkui, an industrialist and banker from Hanlin, could not bear the loss of a large number of private books in the war. He contacted Chen and others, rented a house at Lafayette Road (now Fuxing Middle Road) 1939 in the French Concession, and set up a library. Founded by three people, it was named "He Zhong" to preserve the scattered folk books. 1940, Ye Jingkui donated 15000 yuan to help He Zhong Library buy land in the northwest corner of Changle Road, Fumin Road, and build a new library.
Exterior location of He Zhong Library
The new building is centered at Changle intersection of Fumin Road, with three floors high and four floors in some areas, with the top of the slope. After 1949, an extension has been added. Gaihua Architecture Firm undertook the design work of He Zhong Library, or because of the complicated social environment of the isolated island at that time, in order to avoid too much attention, the facade of He Zhong Library was simple and low-key, and the window area of Fumin Road facade was obviously small for the collection of books.
Hezhong Library focuses on the collection of documents of various eras, including books, newspapers, periodicals, paintings and rubbings. The original collection came from the private collections of founders Ye Jingkui and Zhang Yuanji. Later, they made great efforts to acquire and collect private collections from all over the world. In addition to going overseas, they also set foot in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, which played an important role in preserving cultural treasures in that war-torn era.
1940 Report of Book Quarterly on the Establishment of He Zhong Library
According to statistics, as of 1953, He Zhong Library has about 250,000 books, with 15000 kinds of rubbings, and its service target has expanded from specific professionals to ordinary readers. At that year, the He Zhong Library was donated to the Shanghai Municipal People's Government by the resolution of the board of directors, and was taken over by the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Culture. 1955 was officially renamed as Shanghai Historical Literature Library, and 1958 became a part of Shanghai Library. It can be said that it is the rich collection of He Zhong Library that laid the foundation for the collection of historical documents in Shanghai Library.
Walking under the buttonwood tree, the origins of Mingfu, Hong Ying, He Zhong and Shanghai Library come into view one by one, from the tranquility of Shaanxi South Road to the romance of Huaihai Middle Road, and then to the leisure culture of Changle Road.
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