Fixed assets usually refer to houses, buildings, machines, machinery, means of transport and other equipment, appliances and tools related to production and operation with a service life of more than one year. Fixed assets are the labor means of enterprises and the main assets that enterprises rely on for their production and operation. In addition, fixed assets include both movable property (such as vehicles) and immovable property (houses). Real estate belongs to real estate, so real estate is a fixed asset.

Eight categories of fixed assets include:

1. Houses and buildings refer to all houses and buildings whose property rights belong to this enterprise;

2. General office equipment refers to the office and business equipment commonly used by enterprises;

3, special equipment, refers to all equipment belonging to the enterprise dedicated to a job;

4. Cultural relics and exhibits refer to all kinds of cultural relics and exhibits of cultural institutions such as museums and exhibition halls;

5. Books refer to books of professional libraries and cultural centers and business books of units;

6. Transportation equipment refers to various means of transportation used by the logistics department;

7. Mechanical equipment, mainly machine tools, power machines, tools and standby generators used by the logistics department of the enterprise, as well as hospital instruments, testing instruments and medical equipment;

8. Other fixed assets refer to fixed assets that are not included in the above categories. The competent department may appropriately divide the above categories according to the specific circumstances, and may also appropriately divide the above categories to increase the types.

To sum up, real estate refers to land, houses, exploration rights, mining rights and other real estate according to natural nature or laws, as well as land products that have not been separated from land, and other substances that cannot be separated because of natural or artificial attachment to land. From the perspective of assets and finance, it is fixed assets, and from the perspective of nature, law or administration, it is real estate.

Legal basis:

Article 32 of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of People's Republic of China (PRC)

If it is really necessary to accelerate the depreciation of fixed assets of enterprises due to technological progress and other reasons, the depreciation period can be shortened or accelerated depreciation can be adopted. It can be seen that the new tax law no longer stipulates the proportion of the residual value rate of fixed assets, but gives the right to determine the residual value rate of fixed assets to enterprises, but emphasizes a rationality, requiring enterprises to reasonably determine the estimated net residual value of fixed assets according to their own production and operation conditions and the nature and use of fixed assets.