Brief introduction of Zhangjiazhou martyrs
Martyr Zhang Jiazhou is a native of Zhangjiayoufang Village, Bayan County, Heilongjiang Province. Zhang Jiazhou used to be the secretary of Beiping Xijiao District Party Committee, the propaganda minister of Beiping Municipal Committee, the acting secretary of Beiping Municipal Committee, the commander of Bayan Anti-Japanese Guerrilla, and the commander of the 36th Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army. 1937 died in Fujin city, Heilongjiang province on August 28th at the age of 30.
The Life Experience of Zhang Jiazhou Martyrs
Zhang Jiazhou, also known as Zhenya and Pingyang, also known as Approximation, was born in Zhangjiayoufang, Bayan County, Heilongjiang Province on May 2 1907. At the age of 6, Zhang Jiazhou began to study in a private school in the village. 1923 was admitted to Qiqihar No.1 Middle School in Heilongjiang Province. 1924 when the second world war broke out, the northeast warlord Zhang recruited soldiers in colleges and universities, causing indignation among teachers and students. Zhang Jiazhou actively participated in the "no smoking" struggle and was expelled from school. In the same year, Zhang Jiazhou was admitted to Shenyang Cultural Middle School and was elected President of the Student Union. At the time of the May 30th tragedy 1925, Shenyang cultural and educational circles held a rally in support of the Shanghai workers' movement. Zhang Jiazhou led the whole school teachers and students to demonstrate against the atrocities of Japanese imperialism shooting Chinese workers. This patriotic behavior is undoubtedly regarded as deviant by the school and expelled from school.
1926, Zhang Jiazhou was admitted to Qiqihar Industrial School. At school, he served as the president of the student union, and as always, actively organized students to participate in patriotic movements, opposed Japanese imperialism's invasion of China, and was arrested and imprisoned by reactionary warlords. Half a month later, with the support of progressive teachers and students in the city and public opinion, she was released. After Zhang Jiazhou was released from prison, he witnessed the darkness of the feudal reactionary forces of the northeast warlords and angrily left the provincial capital to study in the south.
1927, Zhang Jiazhou entered Beijing Hongda Tutorial College for the first time, 1928 was admitted to Peking University School of Science. At school, Zhang Jiazhou took an active part in the student movement. On April, 1930, the YMCA of Tsinghua University organized a student parade to commemorate May 1st International Labor Day. Feng Zhongyun and other students were arrested, and Zhang Jiazhou was also arrested and imprisoned for rescuing Tsinghua students. In prison, he forged a deep friendship with Feng Zhongyun, and under his influence, he joined the China * * * Production Party soon after he was released from prison. In September of the same year, Zhang Jiazhou was admitted to the sixth grade of Tsinghua University Political Department. During this period, Zhang Jiazhou served as Party Secretary of the Western Suburb of Beiping, Propaganda Minister of Beiping Municipal Committee and Acting Secretary of Beiping Municipal Committee. His public identity is the head of the anti-imperialist alliance. At that time, he founded a civilian school in the name of the anti-imperialist alliance to recruit citizens and teenagers to learn cultural knowledge and educate students in patriotism, making the civilian school a progressive amateur school.
193 1 After the September 18th Incident, under the leadership of China's * * * production party, Tsinghua, Peking University and other schools launched the anti-resistance movement. On the one hand, Zhang Jiazhou publicized petitions everywhere, demanding that the government recover lost land; On the other hand, actively organize students to participate in military training and practice. He said to his classmates, "The Japanese invaded my hometown and wanted to annex the whole of China." It is everyone's responsibility to fight the Japanese invaders and save China. We must learn our skills and prepare for battle. "
193 1 At the end of the year, the underground party organizations in Beiping were constantly destroyed. Zhang Jiazhou and his classmate Tao went to Shanghai to report to the party organization. Soon, Zhang Jiazhou returned to the northeast, found Feng Zhongyun, then secretary-general of Manchuria Provincial Party Committee, and asked for a job. Feng Zhongyun introduced him to Wang Lifei Library to do international intelligence work. After the fall of Harbin, facing the situation that the country was ruined and the family was destroyed, he proposed to go to Beiping, and used the relationship of "hometown association" to mobilize northeast students to return to China to organize anti-Japanese armed forces, which was approved by the Manchu Provincial Party Committee. 1April, 932, Zhang Jiazhou got in touch with Hebei Provincial Party Committee and Beiping Municipal Committee and sent Jiugong, Zhang Wenzao, Xia Shangzhi, Zhang Ge, Zheng Bingwen and other northeast junior college students back to Bayan's hometown. He used various social relations to unite vigilantes, gentlemen and intellectuals. 16 In May, in the name of marriage, the 1200 Anti-Japanese Armed Forces, the Northeast Workers and Peasants Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army, was established, with Zhang Jiazhou as the commander-in-chief.
1In July, 932, the Japanese army occupied Bayan County and quickly established a puppet regime. At this time, the strength of the workers' and peasants' anti-Japanese volunteers is still very weak. In order to strengthen the anti-Japanese forces and fight against the Japanese invaders, the Workers and Peasants Volunteers Command decided to cross the Shaoling River to the west, move to the western area of Bayan, and continue to expand its ranks.
On July 16, the workers and peasants' anti-Japanese volunteers stormed under the leadership of Zhang Jiazhou and outwitted Longquan Town. There are more than 100 people in this town, including the police station and the self-defense group. There are also walls and fortresses in the town, which are heavily guarded. The battle started in the morning and entered the city at noon, and more than 0/00 guns were seized. Under the persuasion and education of Zhang Jiazhou, Tian Zengquan's boss Zhang handed over more than 4,000 bullets, which enabled the volunteers to expand their weapons and ammunition and enhance their combat effectiveness.
At the end of July, guerrillas prepared to attack the landlord's fortress in Wang Si. In order to avoid casualties, before the attack, Zhang Jiazhou took the guards to persuade and educate Wang Guoying, hoping that he could conform to the people's feelings and support the guerrillas in resisting Japan. However, this dead-set conquered man not only refused to accept persuasion, but tied Zhang Jiazhou up and prepared to send him to the county seat for credit. In the evening, Zhang Jiazhou persuaded Zhang Xing, a detained soldier, to let Zhang Jiazhou go out hunting, and Zhang Xing joined the volunteers. Volunteers of workers and peasants attacked the queen and escaped. Zhang Jiazhou called a mass meeting to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda, and opened a warehouse to distribute food and clothing to hungry and cold farmers. Since then, many farmers and small armed forces have joined the workers and peasants volunteers. When crossing the West Shaolin River, there were only over 200 people. After returning to the east, the number of troops increased to 600, all of which became war horses.
With the development of the anti-Japanese struggle, the workers' and peasants' anti-Japanese volunteers gradually grew. In order to attack the puppet regime supported by the Japanese aggressors and inspire the people's anti-Japanese fighting spirit, Zhang Jiazhou and the headquarters decided to jointly attack Bayan County with other anti-Japanese armed forces. In late August, Zhang Jiazhou sent people to get in touch with the anti-Japanese armed Ma Zhanshan regiment active in the Old Black Mountain in the northeast of Bayan and the "Green Forest Good" active in Mulan Mountain. It was decided to jointly attack Bayan County on August 30th.
On the morning of August 30th, under the leadership of Zhang Jiazhou, the Workers' and Peasants' Anti-Japanese Volunteers attacked Bayan County from three aspects: "Talent Group" and "Good Green Forest". At dawn, Bayan county was finally breached, the puppet army battalion commander was killed, and Cheng Shaolian, the puppet army magistrate, fled in disguise. After the anti-Japanese troops entered the city, they strictly observed mass discipline, wrote slogans and distributed leaflets along the street to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda. At the same time, it also opened the granary of Zeng Junyi, the director of the interior of the puppet county government, to help the poor. These actions won the hearts of the people.
On the fourth day of.
After training and rectification, the workers' and peasants' anti-Japanese volunteers have taken on a new look, and established teaching teams, youth teams, soldiers' committees and anti-Japanese alliances. Party organizations in the team have also developed. Around the Mid-Autumn Festival, workers and peasants volunteers in Waxingxi were very active. Here, led by Zhang Jiazhou, we also raided Kangjinjing Railway Station in Shanghai Road. Then I went to Xiji area for activities, where I collected Meng Tuan and several mountain forest teams. The number of troops has greatly increased to more than 700. The appendix is the sixth brigade and teaching team, youth team and foreign artillery team. In this struggle, the Workers' and Peasants' Anti-Japanese Volunteers became an important team led by the Party and actively fought against the Japanese aggressors in northern Kazakhstan.
In June 5438+in the same year 10, Manchu Provincial Party Committee sent inspector Wu Fuhai to the Workers and Peasants Anti-Japanese Volunteers to convey and implement the spirit of the "Northern Conference" and the instructions of the Provincial Party Committee on implementing the resolution of the "Northern Conference". The main contents are as follows: The Northeast Workers and Peasants' Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army was reorganized into the Jiangbei Independent Division of the 36th Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army. The CMC was established with Zhang Jiazhou as the commander, Zhao Shangzhi as the first political commissar and Wu Fuhai as the second political commissar, all of whom were representatives of the provincial party committee. Implement the policy of cracking down on local tyrants, distributing land and agrarian revolution.
At the end of 10, the Workers and Peasants' Anti-Japanese Volunteers made preparations for raising winter supplies and fighting in winter, joined the "outlaws" and pushed eastward from Bayan, opening up a new anti-Japanese struggle area. The anti-Japanese volunteers seized the armed forces of the pseudo-police station all the way, and then seized Dongxing Design Administration. The enemy is unwilling to fail. At noon on the third day when the volunteers occupied Dongxing, more than 1000 people from the Self-Defense Forces and the Red Gun Association fought back. The fighting was fierce and the city was full of smoke and flames. Both sides suffered heavy casualties. Zhao Shangzhi was injured in the battle with his left eye. In order to avoid more casualties, Zhang Jiazhou led a team to break through the gap in the west of the city and return to Jiangjiabao Station for overall rest.
After a short break, the Anti-Japanese Volunteers left Bayan County and marched westward. Due to the "Left" policy, the army was seriously divorced from the masses and began to divide within the ranks. At first, the anti-Japanese people with Zhang Jiazhou left the team one by one, and the number of troops became less and less.
65438+In mid-February, the workers' and peasants' anti-Japanese volunteers, led by Zhang Jiazhou and Zhao Shangzhi, wanted to go north from Anda to fight Deng Wen and Li Haiqing Volunteers in Ma Zhanshan. When the army arrived in Thailand, they learned that Deng Wen had lost to the West, and it was difficult to be satisfied. When the workers and peasants volunteers came back, it was already winter. The troops stepped on the ice and snow in the biting cold wind and were constantly attacked by landlords and forest police. At the beginning of 1933, when the anti-Japanese volunteers returned to Bayan, they had run out of ammunition and little remained. 65438+ 10/8, in order to avoid the panic of the rest of the troops, Zhang Jiazhou and Zhao Shangzhi decided to divide the troops into several parts, disperse and hide, and then they commanded the assembly. Zhang Jiazhou and Zhao Shangzhi went to Harbin to report to the Manchu Provincial Party Committee.
After the defeat of the Anti-Japanese Volunteers, Zhao Shangzhi was expelled from the Party. After Zhang Jiazhou came back from Beiping, he was exempted from punishment within the party because he failed to implement organizational relations. Failure and frustration did not shake Zhang Jiazhou's determination to resist Japan. 1July, 934, Zhang Jiazhou came to Fujin alone, under the pseudonym of "Approaching", and carried out an underground anti-Japanese struggle under the cover of middle school teachers.
In Fujin Middle School, Zhang Jiazhou quickly rose from teacher to teaching director and principal with his talent and knowledge. Soon, he transferred Yu and other comrades to carry out the anti-Japanese struggle together. In order to turn the school into a base for training anti-Japanese talents, Zhang Jiazhou first set up a library in the school.
Zhang Jiazhou's behavior attracted the attention of Japan and the puppet authorities. In order to avoid the enemy's sudden attack and ensure the safety of Zhang Jiazhou and Yu, Li, chief of staff of the Anti-independence Third Division, and Guo Geyi, political instructor, met Zhang Jiazhou in the south of the city. 1On August 28th, 937, when Zhang Jiazhou left the county for Donglaomao Village, he was suddenly attacked by a pseudo-local group. Zhang Jiazhou was shot in the lower abdomen and bled to death. He is only 30 years old.
Hu Qiaomu said in a letter to Bayannaoer County Committee, "Zhang Jiazhou is honest, loyal to the party, capable and courageous, and has deeply educated me." I still miss it today. "
In the Martyrs Cemetery in Fujin City, Heilongjiang Province, there is a two-meter-high cement tombstone. The last paragraph of the inscription reads:
"Comrade Zhang Jiazhou, in order to oppose imperialist aggression and strive for national independence, you have dedicated your precious life to the cause of capitalism. You are a strong fighter of the proletariat and an outstanding son and daughter of the Chinese nation. Your spirit is the driving force for our progress, and your name will live in people's hearts forever! "