/kloc-in the autumn of 0/902, I traveled to Japan and didn't enter a regular school. I have more contact with anti-Qing students and live a life of "talking about revolution and writing articles".
/kloc-in the summer of 0/904, influenced by Wu Zhihui, he crossed the ocean from Japan to Britain.
1In the autumn of 906, I was studying at Cambridge University.
1907-1911year, studied zoology and geology at Glasgow university, and obtained a double bachelor's degree.
19 1 1 left Britain for home in May. After returning home, he inspected the geology and minerals in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.
Returning to China to teach
1911-1912 teaches physiology, English, chemistry and other courses in Shanghai Nanyang Middle School, and compiles zoology textbooks. Ding Wenjiang's geological career began with his acquaintance with Zhang.
19 1 1 September, he took the examination for foreign students in Beijing Normal University, and he met Zhang, the founder of early geology in China. 19 13 went to Beijing again in February, and served as the chief of the geological section of the mining administration department of the Ministry of Industry and Commerce. Soon, he and Zhang Chuang set up the Geological Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce to train geological talents and serve as the director. He resigned as a director in February of 19 14 and again in February of 14.
19 16 He, Zhang and Weng jointly established the Geological Survey Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce and served as its director.
19 17 Ding Wenjiang visited Europe with Liang Qichao and attended the Paris Peace Conference. Ding Wenjiang suggested to Cai Yuanpei, president of Peking University, that American geologist Glip and Li Siguang, who was studying in Britain at that time, should be hired to teach in the school.
192 1 year, after Ding Wenjiang resigned as the director of geological survey, he became honorary director and general manager of Beipiao Coal Mine. 1922, Hu Shi and others founded Difficult Weekly, published a large number of articles, and urged "good people" to come out for politics. In the article "Minority Responsibility", he decisively pointed out: "Recognizing politics is our only purpose, and improving politics is our only obligation. Don't be fooled by others, saying that improving politics should start with industrial education. " "The political chaos in China is not because of the naivety of the people, nor because of the corruption of politicians and bureaucrats, nor because of the arbitrariness of military warlords-but because the' few people' are irresponsible and unable to take responsibility." 1spring of 929, in charge of geological survey in southwest provinces, and began to concurrently serve as honorary director of Cenozoic research office of Geological Survey Institute. Professor of Geology, Peking University, 193 1 year.
1June, 933, Ding Wenjiang left Shanghai for Washington to attend the 16 international geological congress, and walked with Glip and Derikin. Later, he visited Europe and the Soviet Union from September to June.
The outbreak of the "September 18th Incident" made Ding Wenjiang, who was once depressed, deeply stimulated and cheered up, and founded the Independent Review together with Hu Shi and others. But after nearly ten years of ups and downs, their mood has changed, and they have lost their enthusiasm and confidence in politics when they founded Difficult Weekly. They only want to comment that politics is "independent" and do not favor either side. While engaged in scientific research, Ding Wenjiang also made extensive comments on "what's going on in the world". In the article If I were Zhang Xueliang, I designed a battle plan for Zhang Xueliang, just like a military scientist. In the article "If I were Chiang Kai-shek", I took great pains to persuade Chiang Kai-shek to "immediately complete the unity within the Kuomintang", "immediately seek the cooperation of military leaders" and "immediately negotiate an armistice with the * * * producer party, and the only condition for an armistice is that they will not attack each other within the date of the Anti-Japanese War". But this is wishful thinking.
During the period when Ding Wenjiang founded and served as the director of the Geological Survey Institute, he attached great importance to the field geological survey, advocated the serialization of publications, actively cooperated with the mining and metallurgy circles, and was enthusiastic about the construction of geological exhibition halls and libraries. He served as the editor-in-chief of Paleontology of China 15 years, and was very influential in the field of geology.
Ding Wenjiang is a founding member of geological society of china, and held its first preparatory meeting in June, 1966 at No.9, Xicheng Military Division, 1922. 1923 was elected as the second president. During Ding Wenjiang's life, he worked hard in the field many times, collecting first-hand information and writing books. In his early years, when he led his students on a field trip, he advocated the principle of "climbing must reach the top, moving must walk" and "taking a short cut without taking a long road, and taking a flat road without taking a mountain road". He set an example for geologists in China in field investigation and collection.
19 13, Ding Wenjiang, together with F. Solgar and Wang Xibin, investigated the geological and mineral resources along the railway in Zheng Tai, and gained a lot. First of all, he gave a new geographical definition of "Taihang Mountain", thinking that the mountain range from Jiyuan, Henan Province to Fuping, Hebei Province is the real Taihang Mountain, while the mountain range from Fuping to Shanhaiguan should be called "Yanshan Mountain". Secondly, he pointed out that traditional geography often regards mountains as the watershed of big rivers, while some big rivers in Shanxi, such as Tanghe River, Hutuo River and Zhanghe River, all pass through Taihang Mountain and flow to Hebei, breaking the habit of "there must be water between two mountains and mountains between two waters". Thirdly, he never blindly believed the conclusion of foreigners' geological investigation in China, but sought truth from facts and made concrete analysis. For example, Richthofen, a German, said blindly and optimistically in the last century: "Shaanxi is indeed the richest place in coal and iron in the world. According to the current world sales, Shanxi can supply the world for thousands of years. " Ding Wenjiang found that Shanxi has a lot of coal, but no iron. The thickest seam of iron ore near Zheng Tai Road is less than 0.6m, with unstable and irregular thickness and little economic value. This is actually the "ancient weathering crust type" of the so-called "Shanxi-style iron mine" today. According to the facts, he wrote an article "Shanxi Iron Mine in Name Only-Comparison between the Old and New Mining and Metallurgy Industries", which corrected the mistakes of foreigners.
Yunnan investigation
At the beginning of 19 14, Ding Wenjiang was ordered to visit Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou alone, and did not return to Beijing until the beginning of 19 15. He inspected the tin mine in Gejiu, Yunnan, the copper mine in Dongchuan and the coal mine in Xuanwei, and made a detailed study of the strata, paleontology, structure and deposits in eastern Yunnan, especially correcting the mistakes of French geologist Deplate and others. He first named the Lower Cambrian Canglangpu Formation, Middle Silurian Miandian Formation, Upper Silurian Guandi Formation, Miaogao Formation, Yulongsi Formation and other stratigraphic units. 1936 after Wang Yuelun's death, he systematically sorted out his own research results and published the article "Cambrian and Silurian Strata in East Yunnan". Ding Wenjiang is an outstanding explorer. He took Xu Xiake's travel notes with him and followed Xu Xiake's example everywhere. He often follows Xu Xiake's travel route, affirms Xu Xiake's achievements, and points out his shortcomings and mistakes. This laid a foundation for Ding Wenjiang to study and sort out Xu Xiake's travels. Huang said: "He (Ding Wenjiang) worships Xu Xiake most in his life. He himself is Xu Xiake in the 20th century ... His achievements far exceed Xu Xiake."
Yangtze river investigation
19 16, Ding Wenjiang visited Jiangsu, Anhui and Zhejiang provinces to investigate the geology of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River at the invitation of Shanghai Huangpu Waterway Bureau. The results were published in 19 19 in the form of the monograph "Geological Report of the Yangtze River Basin below Wuhu". First of all, he has greatly surpassed Richthofen and other foreign scholars in stratigraphic research in this field. He named the Devonian hard sandstone "Wu Tongshan quartzite". He divided Qixia limestone (commonly known as Richthofen) into Carboniferous and Lower Permian, and divided it into Qixia limestone, Nangao coal measures, Dongting sandstone and Chuanshan limestone in detail. In this paper, the relationship between the geological structure of Jiangnan mountains and the geological structure of Qinling and Nanling mountains is expounded, and their respective characteristics and the age of crustal movement are discussed. The paper also expounds climate change, river formation and other issues, and discusses the formation and development of the Yangtze River estuary and delta, especially with unique views. Based on his profound understanding of Gong Yu and other classic works and detailed textual research of local chronicles in various regions, he studied the changes of the coast and expounded the history of delta extension and seawall construction since the county government was established in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in 2000. He thinks that the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province have been squeezed outward by 1 mile on average in about 60 years, which coincides with the research results of hydrologist Shtamm.
19 18, Ding Wenjiang discovered a good section in the lower part of Quaternary in Sanmenxia near the junction of Shaanxi and Henan provinces, with loess at the top; Medium gravel layer; The bottom is a sand layer; The bottom is a muddy sand layer containing bivalve fossils. It was identified by American paleontologist W.H. Dall as early Pleistocene. At the same time, Ding Wenjiang found a stratigraphic section of almost the same era in Beili Village, Hejin County, Shanxi Province, with loess above and sand below, and elephant fossils on the sand. He submitted these results to the Swedish geologist J.G. An Tesheng for a summary study. Later, An Tesheng published a monograph "Cenozoic Era in Northern China" in 1923, which comprehensively quoted and introduced Ding Wenjiang's research conclusions. Since then, Ding Wenjiang has been recognized as the founder of "Sanmen System" by the stratigraphic circles in China.
From 65438 to 0928, Ding Wenjiang was invited by the Ministry of Railways of the Kuomintang government and the authorities of Guangxi Province to investigate the proposed Sichuan-Guangzhou railway route and the geology and minerals along it. He traveled all over Guangxi, especially in Nandan, Hechi, Maping and Qianjiang counties in north-central Guangxi. In addition to exploring tin mines in Nandan and Hechi and coal fields in Qianjiang, he also paid special attention to the study of stratigraphic system and geological structure. He saw that the middle Devonian Lianhuashan sandstone unconformity covered the pre-Devonian Longshan metamorphic strata in Nanning and Wuming, Guidong, which confirmed the existence of Caledonian orogeny and named it "Guangxi Movement". He also found the unconformity between horizontal Permian limestone and vertical Devonian limestone in Hechi area, which proved that there was also Hercynian orogeny in northwest Guangxi. He focused on the "Maping Limestone" rich in fossils. The fossils he collected were described by Glip and written into the book "Permian Maping Limestone Fauna in Southwest China".
Southwest geological survey
1928, the geological prospecting office once again organized forces to conduct geological surveys in southwest China, with Ding Wenjiang as the chief commander. Zeng Shiying and Wang Yuelun arrived in Tongzi, Guizhou from Chongqing, and arrived in Bijie in the west. They traveled long distances, watched stone paintings and worked hard with extremely strict scientific methods. On the second road, Tan Xichou and Li Chunyu have been working in Sichuan. On the third road, Zhao Yazeng and Huang crossed the Qinling Mountains from Shaanxi and entered Sichuan, where they were divided into two groups. Zhao Ya once entered northeast Yunnan from Xuzhou (Yibin) and was killed by bandits in Zhaxinchang, Zhaotong. Huang entered Guizhou from Xuzhou, joined Ding Wenjiang in Dading, made an investigation together, went south to Guangxi, returned to Chongqing, and returned to Peiping. This is the largest and last large-scale geological survey trip in Ding Wenjiang's life. The investigation lasted for a long time (about 1 year), the projects were diverse (involving geology, paleontology, minerals, geography, ethnology and other disciplines), and the achievements were unprecedented. Their investigation of the upper Paleozoic strata is particularly detailed. After returning to Beiping, I actively engaged in indoor finishing and published articles. 193 1 published the article "Fengning Stratigraphy", pointing out that Fengning (Early Carboniferous) strata are the most common in Guangxi and Guizhou, and Dushan area in southern Guizhou has the clearest sequence and the richest fossils. From top to bottom, it is divided into: Shangfengningji-Shangdu Series (limestone), Zhongfengningji-Laosi Series (limestone); Lower Fengning Period-Tangbagou System (sandstone) and Gelao Family System (limestone). This sequence is still used by geologists, but it has been summarized with the development of research. 1936 65438+1On October 5th, Ding Wenjiang, then president of Academia Sinica, died suddenly of gas poisoning while inspecting Tanjiashan Coal Mine in Hunan. When the news came, the intelligentsia was shocked. After that, there was a cold silence. In addition to Hu Shi's biographies and occasional articles hastily written in the 1950s to comfort Ding Wenjiang's memory, this name has gradually been forgotten.
Mr. Ding's cemetery is halfway up the mountain at the west foot of Yuelu Mountain in Changsha. An ordinary round steamed bread, without the style of a generation, is quite different from Huangxing Tomb and Cai E Tomb in front of Yuelu Mountain.