Explore the historical origin, related figures and architectural characteristics of Peking University Red Mansion.

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The dividing time between modern history and modern history;

Modern history began with the Opium War on 1840 and ended on the eve of the May 4th Movement on 19 19. The modern history began with the May 4th Movement of 19 19, and the new China of 1949 was founded.

May 4th Movement:

The May 4th Movement was a patriotic movement that took place in Beijing on May 4th 19 19. It mainly involved young students, the broad masses, citizens, businessmen and other classes, and was carried out through demonstrations, petitions, strikes and violent confrontation with the government. This is a patriotic movement of China people against imperialism and feudalism.

Survey content

(A) the historical origin

1. The first declaration of the May 4th patriotic movement was written here.

19 19 On May 4th, in order to prevent Beiyang government from signing the Paris Peace Treaty, the academic circles in Beijing held a demonstration, and the mighty procession started from the Red House of Peking University, turning a new page in the history of China.

1965438+On May 2, 2009, Xu Deheng, a student from Peking University, learned of the failure of the Paris Peace Conference and China's diplomacy in the principal's office on the second floor of the Red House. Taking this as a fuse, Peking University students planned and launched the May 4th patriotic movement. On the evening of May 3rd, Peking University students discussed the parade in the trendy magazine on the first floor of the Red House, and rushed to make slogans, flags and banners overnight. On the morning of May 4th, Luo Jialun, a student from Peking University, wrote the Declaration of Beijing Academic Community in Trendy magazine, which was the only printed matter on the day of the May 4th March. "Fighting for sovereignty outside and getting rid of national thieves inside" became the resounding slogan of the May 4th Movement.

2. The first * * * production party organization in northern China was established here.

Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao are the main founders and early leaders of China * * * Production Party. They are like-minded and work together in the Red Chamber. 1920 In August, Chen Duxiu and others founded the first early organization of the China * * * Production Party in Shanghai. 1920 10, Li Dazhao established the first * * * production party group in northern China in the Red Chamber of Peking University. 1921July, China * * * production party was established. Since then, the Red Chamber of Peking University has long been the seat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Beijing Committee and Northern Committee, guiding the establishment and development of local party organizations.

3. The earliest Party building talents are cultivated and grown here.

Among the 24 Peking University students, party member's early education was mostly liberal arts. As a liberal arts building, the Red House became their main activity place during their study in Peking University. The Red Chamber was once an important activity place for mass education lecture hall and Marxist theory research society.

The banner of Marxism was first raised in this move.

The librarian's office on the first floor of the Red Mansion was the place with the strongest Marxist atmosphere in Peking University before the establishment of the China * * * Production Party. Li Dazhao, the librarian, was the first person to systematically accept and spread Marxism in Peking University and even the whole country. He spread Marxist ideas, taught Marxist courses, established Marxist societies, and founded the early northern organization of China * * * Production Party.

(2) Relevant personnel

1. The main founders and early leaders of China * * * Production Party: Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao.

Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao are the main founders and early leaders of China * * * Production Party. They are like-minded, and once worked together in the Red Chamber.

2.191612.26 Cai Yuanpei, a famous thinker, educator and democratic revolutionary, was appointed president of the National Peking University.

(3) Architectural features

The Red Mansion is a five-story brick-wood structure, with four floors above ground and one semi-underground floor. There are more than 200 rooms of different sizes in the building. The outer wall above the second floor of the Red Chamber is paved with red bricks and tiles, hence the name "Red Chamber".

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