The collection of ancient and modern books, which was ordered by the imperial court, is one of the three major information sources in ancient China, which is as famous as Yongle Dadian and Sikuquanshu. It is not only the largest and most complete ancient book in China, but also a voluminous and beautifully printed masterpiece in the history of copper movable type printing in China. The compilation of the ancient and modern book collection by King James began in the 40th year of Kangxi (170 1) and was printed in the 6th year of Yongzheng (1728). Emperor Kangxi gave the title, and Yongzheng prefaced it. In the meantime, it went through two dynasties and two generations, * * * 28 years.
L the compilation process of the ancient and modern book collection.
Chen Menglei, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty, presided over the compilation of The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books. The first draft was completed from October of the 40th year of Kangxi (170 1) to April of the 45th year of Kangxi (1706). Fifty-five years (17 16), presented to Emperor Kangxi, who named it "Integration of Ancient and Modern Books". After Yongzheng ascended the throne, he severely cracked down on san huang Zi Yunzhi and other dissident forces. As the teacher of the third prince, Chen Menglei was inevitably implicated and exiled again. Yongzheng ordered Jiang Tingxi and others to revise it. In December of the third year of Yongzheng (1725), the revision was completed, bound into a sample, and the emperor was asked to make a preface. The preface inscribed by Yong Zhengdi was completed on September 27th, the 4th year of Yongzheng (1726), and was stamped with the seal of "Treasure of Yongzheng Imperial Pen". Yong Zhengdi used exile of Chen Menglei to attack Yun Zhi, praised Kangxi to show the legitimacy of "telling things according to the will", and made a cultural classic full of meaningful imperial power struggle.
The printing work was completed in the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728). Together with a trial printing sample, * * * printed a total of 65 copies. Each text has 10000 volumes, 40 volumes of content, 5020 volumes of sub-packaging, a total of 520 letters. The printed book is printed on paper, with fine printing, rich binding, solemnity and generosity, which fully shows the royal style as a national masterpiece.
The structural style of King James's Collection of Ancient and Modern Books.
The book Collection of Ancient and Modern Books published by King James has a wide collection of books and rich contents, including all kinds of knowledge formed and accumulated in ancient China society before the Qing Dynasty and Yongzheng, from the classics of the classic subset to the decrees and local chronicles published by Kangxi in his later years. There are also documents that have not been collected or included in Sikuquanshu. * * * More than 420,000 pages,1.600 million words. The book is divided into 6 parts, 32 classics and 6 1 17 parts. It is organized in order of heaven, earth, people, things, learning and politics, including astronomy, geography, human relations norms, literature, history and philosophy, natural art, economy and politics, education, imperial examinations, agriculture, mulberry, fishery and animal husbandry, medical prescriptions and hundred examinations. As the largest existing book in China, The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books by King James is the most important encyclopedia needed to find ancient documents. It is large in scale, fine in classification, criss-crossing and orderly. Scholars at home and abroad agree that it is a treasure house for China to acquire ancient knowledge, and it is known as the "encyclopedia of Qing Dynasty".
King James's Integration of Ancient and Modern Books and Its Influence
Since the publication of The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books by King James, it has been favored by the imperial court, the people, especially the literati and scholars because of its relatively complete document function. Emperor Qianlong was especially respectful to the King James Version of The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books, and praised the book for many times, which was "an ancient literary talent, unprecedented, and unprecedented", which inspired his idea of compiling the Sikuquanshu. The seven pavilions used to store Siku Quanshu contain a batch of ancient and modern books, which are placed on both sides of the main hall on the first floor.
Later, the royal family and nobles rushed to collect them and gave them to other countries as heavy gifts in the Qing Dynasty. 1908, in order to thank the American government for returning to boxer indemnity, the Qing government presented the United States with a copy of The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books, which is now deposited in the Library of Congress. The collection of ancient and modern books of King James lost in the British Museum and Harvard University Library is regarded as a treasure.
Kang Youwei, a great scholar, once collected a book, The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books Written by King James, which was rated as "the largest book in Qing Dynasty" and "an indispensable reference book for philosophers". By the end of Qing Dynasty, the original edition of A Collection of Ancient and Modern Books by King James of Beijing Liulichang had reached 12,000 silver.
In modern times, King James's Collection of Ancient and Modern Books still shows the charm of a treasure house of information and is widely used by Chinese and foreign scholars. The most frequently read and quoted book by China scientist Mr. Zhu Kezhen in his research field is The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books by King James. Britain, Russia, Japan and other countries attach great importance to the application and research of King James' book collection and have compiled an index. Dr Joseph Needham, a famous British scholar and author of the History of Science and Technology in China, once mentioned with gratitude: "The largest encyclopedia we often refer to is the collection of ancient and modern books of King James ... this is really an invaluable gift." Foreign scholars respectfully call this book the Encyclopedia of Emperor Kangxi.
The publishing value of King James's new edition of The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books.
It has been more than 300 years since King James began to compile The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books in Chen Menglei. After vicissitudes of life and current events, its popular version has its own explanation. In addition to the first edition, there are three other editions: the paperback edition of Book Integration Bureau in the 14th year of Guangxu (1888), the Shi Yinben of Shanghai Wentong Bookstore in the 20th year of Guangxu (1894) and the condensed edition of 1934 Zhonghua Bookstore. Due to the war and poor preservation, it is extremely rare to keep it intact, and the original Yongzheng copper movable type book "The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books" is even more precious. Even scholars in this field find it difficult to get a glimpse of the original work, let alone study, quote and proofread the book in depth. This situation greatly limits the growth of academic team and the cultivation of talents, and also casts a thick historical dust on this precious cultural heritage.
Up to now, due to the high printing cost, no publishing unit has reprinted the Yongzheng edition of The Great Collection of Ancient and Modern Books in accordance with the size of the original book for 100 years. After three years of brewing, the National Library and Qilu Bookstore jointly launched the photocopying and publishing project of Yongzheng copperplate movable-type book "Ancient and Modern Books Collection", adhering to the purpose of "restoring the style of ancient books and reappearing the charm of the version", that is, based on the collection of Yongzheng copperplate movable-type book "Ancient and Modern Books Collection" in the National Library, it was printed on Xuan paper, photocopied and published with six eyeliner, with format, volume division and function.
Once this project was launched, it received extensive attention from all walks of life. The National Leading Group for the Planning of Ancient Books Sorting and Publishing listed this project as "National Special Fund Project for Ancient Books Sorting and Publishing" and won the highest honor award of "Excellent Ancient Books Award" in 2006.
On June 5438+ 10, 2006, the project team held an academic seminar on photocopying and publishing of King James' books in the National Library. Experts and scholars unanimously praised the project as "a grand event of the country and a grand event of publishing" and made suggestions for the publishing work. In April, King James's Collection of Ancient and Modern Books went to the United States with Qilu Bookstore to attend the new york Book Fair, making its debut in overseas book circles. In May, the project team participated in the Xinjiang National Book Fair, which was well received. In June, King James' collection of ancient and modern books became a highlight of the first Shandong Cultural Fair. In August, at the Beijing International Book Fair, against the backdrop of mahogany bookcases, the integration of ancient and modern books once again became a beautiful landscape on the booth of Shandong Publishing Group. From June 5438 to October 2007 10, Beijing Book Fair became the focus of the publishing industry. At the request of all walks of life, in April 2007, the project team began to hold the "Encyclopedia of Qing Dynasty-National Ancient and Modern Book Collection Exhibition". At present, exhibitions in Chongqing, Hubei, Shanxi and Shaanxi have been completed, and exhibitions in other provinces will be completed one after another.
June 7, 2006, 65438+, a set of first public photocopying projects of Central News Network. On September 8, 2006, the four sets of National Treasure Archives of the Central Committee made an in-depth report. In addition, there are nearly 100 related reports in major newspapers such as People's Daily, Guangming Daily, Beijing Youth Daily and People's Daily Overseas Edition. Sina, Sohu and Sinology websites have successively reprinted more than 3,000 articles, which attracted admiration from all walks of life for this large-scale and far-reaching publishing project.
/Mao Ding? wvr = 5 & ampsudaref=www.hao 123.com