More than 6.5438+million cultural relics were lost, mainly to Europe, America, Japan and Southeast Asia.
According to the statistics of the Cultural Relics Society of China, since the Opium War 1840, a large number of precious cultural relics in China have been lost overseas due to war and unfair trade. During this period, more than 6,543,800 pieces of China cultural relics were lost to Europe, America, Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions, including more than 6,543,800 pieces of national first-and second-class cultural relics.
The statistics of UNESCO is another figure: there are 6,543,800 pieces of China cultural relics in more than 200 museums in 47 countries, and the number of China cultural relics collected by the people is 654.38+00 times this figure.
These two statistics reflect a close data: there are more than100000 pieces of China cultural relics overseas. Of course, this is not all lost cultural relics. Niu Xianfeng, Deputy Director-General of China Special Fund for Saving Lost Overseas Cultural Relics, said: "To be precise, it should be called China Overseas Cultural Relics Collection. Lost cultural relics should refer to 1840 cultural relics looted by the war after the Opium War and before the founding of New China, as well as cultural relics scattered abroad by illegal and immoral means such as digging and unfair trading. The specific number of people is difficult to count. "
It covers all kinds of calligraphy, painting, bronzes, ceramics, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, ancient books and so on.
It is understood that these 6,543,800 overseas Tibetan cultural relics cover almost all kinds of cultural relics, including calligraphy, painting, bronzes, ceramics, sculptures, Oracle bones, classics and other treasures, mainly distributed in Britain, France, the United States, Japan and other countries. The British Museum alone has collected more than 23,000 pieces of China cultural relics, including many national treasures. Bronzes include Shang Shuangyang Zun, Kang Hougui of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Xing Hougui and other rare treasures.
-Paintings, the United States has the largest collection, with more than 1200 paintings in the Flier Museum alone and nearly 500 paintings by China in the Metropolitan Museum of America. China's paintings in the British Museum are the most exquisite, among which A Woman's History by Gu Kaizhi, a painter of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is the most striking.
-Porcelain, the collection of Jimei Museum in France, which is famous for collecting Asian art, is the best. The porcelain in the museum ranges from the earliest primitive porcelain in China to blue-and-white and colorful porcelain in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Famous kilns in various dynasties have everything, and most of them are fine products.
-local chronicles and ancient books are the most in the United States. The Library of Congress has more than 4,000 kinds of local chronicles. There are more than 3,000 rare books and 2,000 genealogies in the United States.
-Oracle Bone Inscriptions films, the largest Japanese collection. Among the nearly 30,000 pieces of Oracle bones lost overseas, there are nearly13,000 pieces in Japan.
-Dunhuang treasure. At present, there are only more than 20,000 Dunhuang suicide notes in China, accounting for only 30%, and 70% have been lost abroad. Among them, the Oriental Writing Headquarters of the British Library has 13700 pieces; The National Library of Paris, France has a collection of 6,000 pieces, among which three Tang rubbings of Dunhuang paintings and calligraphy are rare treasures. There are 12000 pieces of Asian ethnic studies in St. Petersburg, Russia, and nearly 2000 pieces in the British Indian Affairs Library. In addition, Japan, the United States, Sweden, Austria and South Korea also have Dunhuang cultural relics collections.
Jade Horse Head (Han Dynasty), existing in Victoria Albert Museum, USA.