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China Nature Reserve Network:
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The most protected area:
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1. Songshan National Nature Reserve
Located in Yanqing County, Beijing, it was established in 1985, covering an area of 6,600 hectares. Its main protection targets are temperate forests and wildlife.
2. Wuling Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Xinglong County, Hebei Province, it was established in 1983 with an area of 16000 hectares. The main protection object is a relatively complete warm temperate forest ecosystem. There are more than 0/600 species of higher plants/kloc-,with some endemic species; Wild animals 1600 species, some of which are endemic; There are more than 0/40 species of wild animals, including more than 20 species of leopard, red deer and impala.
3. Lishan National Nature Reserve
Located in Jincheng City, Shanxi Province, it was established in 1983, covering an area of more than 23,000 hectares, and its main protection targets are wild animals and plants. There are more than 200 kinds of wild animals, including leopard, macaque, golden rooster and giant salamander.
4. Pangquangou National Nature Reserve
Located in Jiaocheng County, Shanxi Province, it was established in 1980 with an area of 10000 hectares. The main protected objects are brown eared pheasant, Larix principis-rupprechtii and spruce secondary forest. There are more than 500 kinds of plants and more than 50 kinds of wild animals. This nature reserve is the main habitat and breeding ground for the first-class protected animals and plants and the brown eared pheasant endemic to China.
5. Xilinguole Grassland Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia
Located in Xilinhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 1985 was established, with an area of1100,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are typical grasslands, meadows and grassland sandy sparse forests. It is the first grassland nature reserve in China. There are 625 species of higher plants and more than 30 species of wild animals/kloc-0, among which 9 species of national key protected animals are Huang Zhu, Hei He, swan and grass carving.
6. Shedao Laotieshan National Nature Reserve
Located in Lushunkou District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, it was established in 1980 with an area of 17080 hectares. The main protected objects are Agkistrodon halys, the special ecosystem of Snake Island and migratory birds. 14000 A single type of poisonous snake, the Black Agkistrodon, monopolized the whole island, forming a special ecological environment of Snake Island.
7. Baishilazi National Nature Reserve
Located in Kuandian County, Liaoning Province, it was established in 198 1, covering an area of more than 7,000 hectares. The main protection targets are the original Korean pine broad-leaved mixed forest and the habitats of rare animals and plants. There are nearly a thousand kinds of higher plants and more than 70 kinds of wild animals/kloc-0.
8. Yiwulu Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Yixian County, Liaoning Province, it was established in 198 1 with an area of 14000 hectares. The main protection targets are natural Chinese pine, broad-leaved mixed forest and the habitats of migratory birds such as swans and mandarin ducks.
9. Shuangtaihekou National Nature Reserve
Located in Panjin City, Liaoning Province, it was established in 1987 with an area of 80,000 hectares. The main protected objects are waterfowl and migratory birds such as red-crowned cranes, white cranes and swans. There are 97 species of waterfowl, which are rich in bird resources. They are the southernmost boundary of the breeding area of red-crowned cranes and have important scientific value.
10. Xianghai National Nature Reserve
Located in Tongyu County, Jilin Province, it was established in 198 1 year, covering an area of 65,438+10,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are rare waterfowl such as red-crowned cranes. There are about 100 species of birds, among which red-crowned cranes and white cranes are the most precious.
1 1. Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Antu County, Jilin Province, it was established in 1960 with an area of 19000 hectares. Its main protection objects are temperate forest ecosystems and rare animals and plants. Changbai Mountain is one of the areas with the richest plant resources in the same latitude, with more than 600 species of higher plants/kloc-0. More than 3,500 kinds of wild animals and plants; Among them, the national first-class protected animals are Siberian tiger, sika deer, sable and so on; There are more than 800 kinds of medicinal plants, including ginseng and gastrodia elata.
12. Zhalong National Nature Reserve
Located in Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, it was established in 1979 with an area of 2 1 hectare. It is the first wetland ecosystem nature reserve in China to protect large waterfowl such as red-crowned cranes, with more than 260 species of birds and 0/20 species of waterfowl, accounting for more than half of China. Among them, the most famous cranes are 15 species in the world, 9 species in China and 6 species in local areas, namely, red-crowned crane, white crane, gray crane, white-headed crane and mud crane, which is worthy of being a unique "crane town" in the world.
13. LAM Raymond National Nature Reserve
Located in Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province, it was established in 1963 with an area of 18000 hectares. The main protected objects are the original Korean pine mother forest, bears, moose and mink. There are more than 600 species of plants and 0/70 species of wild animals.
14. Huzhong National Nature Reserve
Located in Daxinganling region of Heilongjiang Province, it was founded in 1984, with an area of 19000 hectares. Its main protection objects are coniferous forests, bears, moose and mink in cold areas.
15. Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Lin 'an County, Zhejiang Province, it was established in 1986 with an area of 1000 hectares. The main protected objects are rare species such as ginkgo, Cercidiphyllum japonicum and gooseberry. Pteridophyte 1 10 species, gymnosperms 18 species, and nearly 3,000 angiosperms, and Ginkgo biloba, a rare wild species in relict plant, is also distributed here. There are more than 220 kinds of wild animals, among which clouded leopard, pangolin, silver pheasant and so on are national key protected animals. There are more than 930 kinds of medicinal plants such as Gastrodia elata and Ganoderma lucidum.
16. Chinese alligator national nature reserve
Located in Xuancheng City, Anhui Province, it was established in 1975 with an area of 44,000 hectares. The main protected objects are Chinese alligators and their habitats. The Chinese alligator is a unique animal in China and the oldest reptile in existence. It has a history of more than 200 million years, so it is called "living fossil". Chinese alligator and American Mississippi alligator are the only two kinds of blunt-nosed crocodiles in the world, which are closely related to dinosaurs and have high scientific research value.
17. Guniujiang National Nature Reserve
Located in Chizhou, Anhui Province, it was established in 1982, covering an area of more than 6,400 hectares, and its main protection object is forest ecosystem. There are more than 500 kinds of plants, among which the national key protection are fragrant fruit trees and Cephalotaxus fortunei. There are more than 200 kinds of wild animals, including 28 kinds of snakes, and the national key protected animals are Prunus mume and Pheasant.
18. Wuyishan National Nature Reserve
Located in Nanping, Fujian, it was established in 1979, covering an area of 56,527 hectares. Its main protection objects are subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest and rare animals and plants. There are 2480 species of plants, including ancient plants such as ginkgo biloba and tropical plants such as red oak. There are 32 orders of insects in China, and 3 1 order is found in this area, among which Papilio is a rare treasure; 234 species of birds, accounting for one third of the country; There are 100 species of mammals, accounting for a quarter of the national total. Among them, the South China Tiger is a national first-class protected animal. 73 species of reptiles; 40 kinds of fish.
19. Meihuashan National Nature Reserve
Located in Longyan, Fujian Province, it was established in 1985, with an area of more than 22,000 hectares, and its main protection object is forest ecosystem. Located in Kameyama Mountain, 900 meters above sea level, the national key protected plants are hemlock, bell calyx and so on; The national key protected animals are South China tigers, leopards, civets and so on. The precious medicinal material is Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. And hedysari.
Poyang Lake Migratory Birds National Nature Reserve
Located in Yongxiu County, Jiangxi Province, it was established in 1983 with an area of more than 22,000 hectares. The main protection objects are wetland ecosystem, migratory birds and resident birds. There are more than 150 species and hundreds of thousands of migratory birds here. There are 20 species of national key protected birds, which is the largest wintering ground for white cranes in the world.
2 1. Long Island National Nature Reserve
Located in Changdao County, Shandong Province, it was established in 1982, covering an area of 5,300 hectares. Its main protection target is the habitat of raptors and migratory birds such as eagles and falcons. There are more than 240 species of birds, among which the national key protected birds are golden eagles and swans.
22. Baotianman National Nature Reserve
Located in neixiang county, Henan Province, it was established in 1980, covering an area of 4,200 hectares. Its main protection objects are forest ecosystems and rare animals and plants in the transitional zone. There are nearly 3000 species of plants, among which the national key protected plants are Bauhinia, Abies Taibai and Hemlock. Wild animals 164 species, among which the national key protected animals are giant salamander and musk deer. Special economic trees are sumac, tung oil tree, etc.
23. Jigongshan National Nature Reserve
Located in Xinyang County, Henan Province, it was established in 1982, covering an area of 3,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are subtropical forests, animals and plants. Plant 1288 species, among which the national key protected plants are xiangguoshu and torreya grandis. There are more than 0/50 species of birds/kloc-,and the national key protected animals are long-tailed pheasants.
24 Hubei Silla Baiji Dolphin Nature Reserve
Located in honghu city, Hubei Province, it was established in 1990 with an area of 20,000 hectares. The main protection targets are baiji and its habitat. Baiji dolphin is a small cetacean that lives in fresh water. It is a rare and ancient aquatic mammal, and it is also the rarest of the four fresh waters in the world, so it is called "the giant panda in the water".
25. Shennongjia National Nature Reserve
Located in Nongjiale County, Hubei Province, it was established in 1986, covering an area of 90,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are forest ecosystems and rare animals and plants. There are more than 0/800 species of higher plants/kloc-,and Davidia involucrata and Davidia involucrata are endemic to China. There are more than 500 kinds of wild animals, including more than 400 kinds of birds; There are more than 20 species of national key protected animals, such as golden monkey, red panda and white-crowned pheasant.
26. Badagong Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, it was established in 1986, covering an area of 20,000 hectares. Its main protected objects are subtropical transitional forest, Davidia involucrata, leopard, clouded leopard and macaque. More than 3,000 kinds of plants; There are more than 0/50 kinds of wild animals/kloc-,and the national key protected animals include water deer, fragrant roe, sumen antelope and so on.
27 Chebaling National Nature Reserve
Located in Shixing County, Guangdong Province, it was established in 1982 with an area of 6,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, South China tiger and rare animals and plants. There are nearly 2000 kinds of plants, the main tree species are triangle tree, Michelia, etc. There are more than 20 kinds of wild animals, and the main national first-class protected animal is the South China Tiger.
28. Neilingding Island-Futian National Nature Reserve
Located in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, it was established in 1984, covering an area of 500 hectares. The main protected objects are macaques, birds and mangroves. There are more than 400 kinds of higher plants here, of which 100 can provide food for macaques, forming an ideal habitat and breeding ground for macaques and forming a unique "macaque world". There are more than 70 other wild animals on the island.
29. Dinghu National Nature Reserve
Located in Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province, it was established in 1956. It is the first nature reserve established in China, with an area of 1 138 hectares. The main protection objects are the evergreen broad-leaved forest in the south subtropical zone and rare animals and plants. Plant resources are rich, reaching more than 2400 species, and there are many endemic species. The national key protected plants are Gemu, wild litchi, feather pine and so on. Cycas relict plant, which appeared on the earth more than 200 million years ago, is also growing. There are more than 0/00 species of wild animals/kloc-,and the national key protected animals include leopards, gazelles and pythons.
30. Huaping National Nature Reserve
Located in Lingui County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, it was established in 196 1 year with an area of 15 133 hectares. The main protected objects are Cryptomeria fortunei and subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. There are also the rarest evergreen trees in Tertiary relict plant, which are called living fossils. There are 1 1 14 species of higher plants. There are dozens of wild animals, among which the national key protected animals are yellow-bellied pheasant, gazelle, bear and so on.
3 1. Nonggang National Nature Reserve
Located in Longzhou County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, it was established in 1979, covering an area of 8,000 hectares. Its main protected objects are tropical limestone monsoon forest, Jin Chahua, white-headed langur and karst landform. Plant 1282 species, among which there are more than 200 species of camellia in the world, the rarest national first-class protected plant camellia, known as the giant panda in the plant world. The national key protected plants are alder, golden plum, linden and so on. There are more than 0/00 species of wild animals/kloc-,and there are more than 0/00 species of white-headed langur, langur, clouded leopard and pheasant/kloc-,which are China's first-class protected animals.
32. Datian National Nature Reserve
Located in Dongfang County, Hainan Province, it was established in 1980 with an area of 2535 hectares. The main protected object is Hainan Polu, which is endemic to China. Known as "flying deer", Polu is a national first-class protected animal, which is only produced in Hainan. It is the most precious deer species in China 17, and is known as a "rare treasure".
33. Bawangling National Nature Reserve
Located in Changjiang Li Autonomous County, Hainan Province, it was established in 1980, covering an area of 6,600 hectares. It is the only nature reserve in China to protect the black-crowned gibbon and its habitat.
34 Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve
Located in Qingchuan County, Sichuan Province, it was established in 1978, covering an area of 40,000 hectares, and its main protection object is giant pandas. The national key protected animals include crested deer, golden monkey, spotted pheasant and so on.
35. Wolong National Nature Reserve
Located in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, it was established in 1975, covering an area of 200,000 hectares. It is the largest "national treasure" giant panda reserve in China. At an altitude of 2 100-3600 meters, it is a temperate mixed coniferous forest belt and subalpine coniferous forest belt, with dense bamboo shoots growing under spruce and fir forests, which is the most suitable habitat for rare animals, giant pandas. There are 18 10 species in the nature reserve, and the national key protected plants are Davidia involucrata, Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Taxus chinensis. There are more than 348 species of wild animals, and 40 species of national key protected animals include golden monkey, white-lipped deer and pronghorn.
36. Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve
Located in Tongren, Guizhou Province, it was established in 1979, covering an area of more than 40,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are subtropical forest ecosystem and rare animals and plants such as Davidia involucrata and Guizhou golden monkey. There are nearly 2,000 species of Davidia involucrata and Buxus buxus, which are widely distributed and rare in China, showing the primitive and ancient flora of Fan Jing. There are more than 300 kinds of wild animals here, and the most precious golden monkey, which is unique to China and internationally recognized, is produced here. There are more than 20 kinds of national key protected animals, such as South China tiger, hairy deer and giant salamander.
37. Caohai Nature Reserve in Guizhou
Located in Weining Yi, Hui and Miao Autonomous County of Guizhou Province, 1985 was established, with an area of 12000 hectares, including 3000 hectares of Caohai water surface. The main protected objects are the black-necked crane, a national first-class protected animal unique to China, and the plateau temperate ecosystem. There are aquatic higher plants 178 species in the area; Birds 1 10 species, including 19 species of national key protected birds. The black-necked crane is the last crane in the world 15, and it is also the only crane that lives on the plateau.
38. Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve
Located in Wei Chu, Yunnan Province, it was established in 1984, covering an area of 54,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are evergreen broad-leaved forest and wild animals. The national key protected plants are water green tree and Manglietia rubra. There are more than 460 kinds of wild animals, including South China Tiger, black-browed gibbon, langur, green peacock and so on.
39. Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve
Located in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, it was established in 1958, covering an area of 200,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are evergreen broad-leaved forest and wild animals. The national key targets are representative trees, ancient trees and wild rice in tropical rain forests. There are more than 600 kinds of wild animals here, of which more than 40 are national key protected animals. National first-class protected animals include black-crowned gibbon, bison, Asian elephant, brown-necked hornbill and so on.
40. Gaoligongshan National Reserve
Located in Baoshan District of Yunnan Province, it was established in 1983 with an area of120,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, alpine coniferous forest and rare animals. There are more than 0/000 species of higher plants, including more than 80 species of rhododendrons. Rhododendron grandiflora, the largest rhododendron species in the world, grows here and is called "Rhododendron Kingdom". There are more than 0/40 species of wild animals/kloc-,among which there are more than 30 species under state protection, and there are also ancient protozoa-takin.
4 1. Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Deqin County, Yunnan Province, it was established in 1983 with an area of180,000 hectares. The main protected objects are alpine primeval coniferous forest, vertical landscape and Yunnan golden monkey. The national first-class protected animal is Yunnan golden monkey, and the national key protected animals and plants are clouded leopard, blue sheep and golden cat. Saussurea involucrata, a precious medicinal material, also grows on the plateau and has the reputation of "alpine flora and fauna kingdom in cold temperate zone"
42. Medog National Nature Reserve
Located in Medog County, Xizang Autonomous Region, it was established in 1985, with an area of 62,620 hectares. Its main protection objects are the vertical landscape of mountains and rare animals and plants. There are more than 3,000 species of higher plants, accounting for more than one tenth of the national species, more than 40 species of endemic plants named locally, and 42 species of national key protected animals, such as takin, red antelope, long-tailed langur, yellow-bellied pheasant and so on. Known as the "Museum of Natural Animals and Plants" in Tibet.
43. Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve
Located in zhouzhi county, Shaanxi Province, it was established in 1984 with an area of more than 54,000 hectares. The main protected object is the golden monkey. Located on the northern slope of Qinling Mountains, with dense forests, it is the area with the largest number and the most concentrated distribution of golden monkeys in China.
44. Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, it was established in 1965 with an area of 56,325 hectares. The main protection objects are natural ecosystems and natural historical sites. There are nearly 2000 species of plants, among which the national key protected plants are Cercidiphyllum japonicum, Abies Qinling and Pistacia vera. There are more than 270 kinds of wild animals. The national first-class protected animals include giant panda, golden monkey, rock sheep in Palaearctic realm, Japanese thrush and well-preserved ancient glacier relics, which are "natural laboratories" for scientific research.
45. Foping National Nature Reserve
Located in Foping County, Shaanxi Province, it was established in 1978, covering an area of more than 29,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are natural ecosystems and giant pandas.
46 Niubeiliang National Nature Reserve
Located in Zhashui County, Shaanxi Province, it was established in 1980 with an area of 160000 hectares. The main protected objects are takins and their habitats. The local pronghorn is a golden-haired pronghorn, which is extremely precious.
47. Xinglong Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Yuzhong County, Gansu Province, it was established in 1982, with an area of 29,000 hectares. The main protection object is the virgin spruce forest. There are more than 500 kinds of higher plants, including trees, shrubs, grasses and plants. There are leopard, lynx, eagle and other national key protected animals in the area.
48. Anxi Gobi Grassland Nature Reserve
Located in Anxi County, Gansu Province, it was established in 1987, covering an area of 800,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are Gobi desert grassland, rare animals and typical wind erosion landforms. There are 62 species of plants in Gobi, among which 13 species are protected by the state, 10 species are endemic to Asia, and the ancient relict plant-gymnosperms are gradually widely distributed. There are also 23 species of national key protected animals such as snow leopard, wild donkey, Tibetan gazelle and golden eagle. In addition, there are desert animals such as sand pythons and stone dragons.
49. Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve
Located in Longnan area of Gansu Province, it was established in 1978, covering an area of 19000 hectares. Its main protection objects are giant pandas, golden monkeys, takins and forest ecosystems. There are more than 450 kinds of wild animals, and the fauna belongs to the transitional zone between Palaearctic and Oriental worlds. It is the northernmost boundary of the distribution of national first-class protected animals such as giant panda, golden monkey and pronghorn in China.
50. Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located at the junction of Gansu and Qinghai provinces, it was established in 1987 with an area of 230,000 hectares. The area is rich in animal and plant resources, including higher plants 1044 species and more than 200 species of wild animals. The national key protected animals include snow leopard, wild donkey and white-lipped deer. Precious medicinal materials include Saussurea involucrata, Radix Codonopsis, Herba Ephedrae, etc.
5 1. Longbao National Nature Reserve
Located in Yushu County, Qinghai Province, it was established in 1984 with an area of 10000 hectares. The main protection targets are waterfowl and black-necked cranes.
52. Shapotou Nature Reserve in Ningxia
Located in Zhongwei County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, it was established in 1984, with an area of over 13000 hectares. Its main protection objects are Tengger desert landscape, natural sand-dust vegetation and its wild animals. There are 422 species of plants and more than 50 species of wild animals/kloc-0. Every nature reserve with desert ecological characteristics and good management effect in China is a "treasure house" of arid desert biological resources.
53. Helanshan National Nature Reserve
Located in the northwest of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, it was established in 1982, covering an area of 60,000 hectares. The main protected objects are forest ecosystems, Picea crassifolia, juniper, red deer, argali and black stork in arid areas. There are more than 400 kinds of plants, spruce is the main species in the upper part of the mountain, Pinus tabulaeformis and Populus davidiana are the main species in the middle part, and most shrubs are Ding Gan and Lonicera microphylla. There are more than 0 species of national key protected animals 10, such as blue sheep and blue pheasant. It is a typical transitional zone between temperate grassland and desert.
54. Altun Mountain National Nature Reserve
Located in Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, it was established in 1983 with an area of 4.5 million hectares. The main protected objects are the plateau ecosystem and its rare plateau animals which are close to the original state. There are more than 50 kinds of wild animals, and large and medium-sized ungulates and rodents flourish. The fauna is mainly endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, widely distributed in mountainous areas, and there are a large number of wild yaks, Tibetan donkeys, Tibetan antelopes and other national first-class protected animals.
55. Bayinbuluke National Nature Reserve
Located in Hejing County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, it was established in 1980 with an area of 654.38+10,000 hectares. Its main protection objects are rare waterfowl such as swans and swamp environment. Every spring, tens of thousands of swans and hundreds of thousands of waterfowl fly here to breed. There are 72 species of birds, including 7 species under special state protection.
56. Hanas National Nature Reserve
Located in Altay City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, it was established in 1980, covering an area of 250,000 hectares. The main protection object is the ecosystem of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in cold temperate zone. There are more than 540 kinds of higher plants, which are the most in temperate grassland areas of China. There are more than 100 species of animals in cold temperate and desert areas, among which snow leopard, argali, red-crowned crane and swan are the key protected animals of the country. There are 10 kinds of fish in the lake.
57. New Reinbogda Peak Nature Reserve
Located in Fukang County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, it was established in 1990 with an area of 2 10000 hectares. The main protection objects are vertical landscape and rare animals and plants. There are more than 0/60 species of wild animals, and 25 species of national key protected animals are brown bears, goats and black storks. There are many medicinal plants, such as Fritillaria, Saussurea involucrata and Cistanche deserticola.