It is difficult to speak a foreign language because it is very different from our mother tongue, and we are not in the context of foreign language communication, and even our way of thinking is very different.

But it's also easy. Because language reflects some concepts and connections, it is a means of extensive communication. Those difficult sentences are doomed to be eliminated, leaving only the essence (easy to communicate).

Therefore, there are many effective ways to learn a foreign language:

1, a sense of wholeness, grasping roots, words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, even full texts and books from a meaning group structure.

Practice: practice circular calligraphy and write one word at a time.

Deliberately divide the sentence structure and find out where to breathe, pause and read continuously.

Read more and recite more essays. Try to enlarge your eyes, that is, look at the words more, which is also a training to improve your speed.

Copy more and write more. Grasp idioms, phrases, or copy them according to meaning groups.

It is best to recite words in sentences. But if you can read a lot and get familiar with everything, there is no need to recite it.

2. Communication and application-oriented.

The purpose of most of us learning a foreign language is not to become writers, but to communicate and apply. So it is unnecessary to overemphasize grammar and rhetoric. Concise, clear and clear expression is enough. Otherwise, it is easy to go astray. It's hard to improve.

If possible, beginners try to associate everyday things with foreign words or phrases.

Don't be afraid to make mistakes.

Although mistakes can cause ambiguity and make people hard to understand, it is enough to explain a few more words. Bold communication can bring more communication and more exercise. In the non-native language environment, we should create all possible training opportunities, fearing that mistakes will isolate ourselves, leading to more mistakes in the future, or not knowing it. Fear of mistakes is also fear of difficulties.

Try to use short sentences when you start talking with people in a foreign language.

Short sentences are not easy to make grammatical mistakes and ambiguity. Flawless is the greatest success and the most refreshing. The same is true of writing.

5. Overcome the fear of difficulties.

Many people gradually lose confidence, not to mention interest, because their foreign language level has not improved or they have been delayed for too long in the learning platform area. In some people, it even becomes a psychological barrier. In fact, foreign languages are easy to learn, at least make yourself feel easy to learn. You can naturally find a sense of language and make a breakthrough. For example, in English, new words are a big difficulty. But even CET-6 requires a vocabulary of only 5,500. There is nothing here. It is people who blindly repeat meaningless exercises that make them physically and mentally exhausted and kill their ambitions. If you use the system learning method to scan your memory quickly, you can scan 2000 words one hour a day, and you can see a reincarnation in three days. In this way, more than 80% of people can break through the new word barrier through six reinforcement in three weeks. So, what else will dampen confidence? 6. Try to write.

Don't be surprised. Anyone who has a gift for writing depends on whether he can find it.

Only by contrast can we improve our writing style. The best way is: read a paragraph or an entire article and remember its main idea; Organize your own writing according to the general idea; Compare your writing with the original and see what's different. If the original is used better than you, you should pay attention. If you write better than the original, you will be elated. Write again the next day; See if it has improved and absorbed the essence of the original text. Generally speaking, it is good to write it twice like this.

7. Musicality.

Rhythm. Ups and downs. We should show its musicality when reading aloud. Many foreign language experts like to say that "the easiest answer to read is often the correct answer" when revealing secrets, which makes sense. Music is often a sense of language. Language is a communication means that has been eliminated in the long-term development. Comfort can last, pleasure can last and popularity can last.

Application of systematic learning method in English learning

First, unified learning method crash training

English is a long-standing problem for many people. If you train quickly with systematic learning method, you can improve quickly. But after 80 points, it takes time and energy to experience the feelings, and the quick method has little effect. Now take the postgraduate entrance examination English or CET-6 as an example to illustrate the crash method. If you are playing for the college entrance examination or CET-4 and CET-6, it is a piece of cake. The effective target of the crash course is learners below Band 6. Among them, those below CET-4 are regarded as beginners by me.

1, break the word barrier.

Word barriers often have three aspects: memory, translation and use. These three aspects are interrelated.

First of all, we should get rid of the "translation barrier", which seriously hinders people's memory. Even if you recite it, you will soon forget it. Breaking the "translation barrier" requires reading words, not "memorizing words". The result of memorizing words will inevitably lead to the process of "internal translation and transformation" and affect the breakthrough of human language learning. In fact, anyone who can speak local dialects knows that when he thinks about problems and communicates in other dialects, he doesn't need to convert dialects into Putonghua to accept them in his mind, nor does he need to express his thoughts in Putonghua. Language has always been directly corresponding to a certain feeling or image. A concept in language is materialized, and there is no problem of self-explanation in communication, even if the concept is not understood by itself. When asked about this kind of translation (such as not being asked to say "eat" and "sleep" in a dialect in a language environment, etc. ) I often feel very uncomfortable.

Application is the key to master words, remember them deeply and combine them into consciousness. People always give priority to what they are familiar with, including skills, to face/solve problems they encounter. For most people, barriers to use will exist more or less. Especially when you are in a strange environment, you are very nervous.

Breaking the "barriers to use" requires relaxation. Just relax.

Memory is a natural thing. If we break through the "translation barrier" and "use barrier", there will be no "memory barrier". But that doesn't mean rote learning is useless. Sometimes, memorizing is also a shortcut.

You can take a further look: word memory and systematic learning method.

2. Capture knowledge points.

Any subject has knowledge points. This is regular. It was refined by predecessors from practice. Mastering these knowledge points is one of the important means of effective learning.

Many syllabuses define knowledge points. Our efforts are to refine these knowledge points. And arrange/adjust the learning and application of knowledge points according to the learning time.

Root system analysis. Everything has a source or source, and Gopra calls it a "root". Where is the root of knowledge points? Find the root of knowledge points. This kind of game is not easy to make people tired. Root analysis can often trace back a series of knowledge points.

Comparative method. Only by comparison can we know the similarities and differences. By comparing similar things together, we can find the characteristics, so as to remember these differences and distinguish them later.

Combined application. Combined application is also a classification. There are many words that you will never meet in your life, but some will always meet. This collocation, due to the habitual use in life, has solidified and formed a fixed collocation. The category here is much broader than the simple phrases and the fixed collocation of phrases in textbooks.

Step 3 read a lot

Reading is one of the effective ways to learn a language. A lot of simple and fast reading is more helpful for beginners.

In order to cultivate feelings, especially the sense of language, or the sense of music in language, it is best to start with simple, classic and interesting reading materials.

Foreign children's books, humorous stories, masterpieces and popular novels, as well as some famous newspapers and periodicals, such as National Geographic Magazine and Reader's Digest, are all good reading contents.

If it is a textbook, I recommend New Concept English and New Step American English.

We can further look at it: English reading and systematic learning.

Step 4 retell

Retelling is an important means of learning a language. I want to express what I have just read in my own language.

Don't worry about your description mistakes. As long as you can express your meaning. You can also explain it.

Improve the grasp of writing.

Improve your writing ability.

In fact, it is time-consuming to use systematic learning methods to achieve English crash, and it is necessary to ensure sufficient learning time every day. This is for the construction of language environment. After all, for China students, daily communication is not English.

But the effort is worth it. Because that is the real progress of English. It is often much easier, more natural and unrestrained, more comfortable and more effective than the crowd tactics to cope with changes with constant changes.

For those who consciously study, or who always fail to make effective progress at a certain level and gradually lose confidence, motivation and interest, these requirements are not difficult to meet.

Second, the overall feeling.

The sense of wholeness needs to be deliberately guided and cultivated, and a word, a phrase or a phrase should be treated as a whole consciously and actively. There are three main kinds of training for overall feeling: image memory, round calligraphy training and sentence-breaking training.

1, image memory

Image, which can be called image, refers to the imprint of words/phrases/phrases left in the mind through vision.

Modular images are formed by high-speed word recognition and fast reading training to expand the perspective.

2. Round calligraphy.

Round calligraphy is a very good way to train the overall understanding of words. Round script pays attention to writing one word at a time. This makes it easy to open the memory channel. No longer through a letter, but from the general direction of the letter to know a word.

3. Sentence-breaking training

Sentence breaking is based on meaning groups. The information carrying capacity of the brain in an instant is always limited. In order to improve the effectiveness of learning, especially memory, we should consciously cultivate the ability to process complete meaning groups in an instant. A short sentence is a set of meanings. (See the role of Italian group in English learning for details. )

In fact, what I emphasize in foreign language teaching is proper fault tolerance. Being too precise is not good for beginners.

Just like learning Chinese, accent, a few typos or mispronunciations will not affect communication. We are not cultivating language masters. Why does the emphasis on details cause students' fear, even boredom and hatred of difficulties? That is even more detrimental to foreign language learning.

Third, reorganization.

The process of reorganization is actually the process of creation.

Retelling and creative writing are the key points in this process.

Fourth, matters needing attention

1. Do you want to learn grammar?

If you want to improve your interest in language, you'd better not learn grammar. It is very helpful to gain interest and feelings from reading. Especially articles that are a little more relaxed than their current level are easier to cultivate a person's sense of language.

But there is no denying that grammar is an extremely beautiful framework. This framework can be used as our system tree. Based on the previous research results, the established system tree is the most effective and scientific. Therefore, if a person is really interested in English and wants to improve it quickly, it is a good choice to look at grammar. But only after you are interested. Otherwise boring grammar learning will only make people lose confidence.

Psychology and learning steps of accelerated English

Many foreign language experts say that they don't believe in cleverness, luck, crash and jumping.

Learning a foreign language well is a process that requires patience, perseverance and continuous efforts.

However, the purpose of most of us learning foreign languages is not to become writers, linguists or educators, but to prevent language from becoming the biggest obstacle to communication.

This requirement is quite low. Just like ordinary people's poor language and literature, it does not affect their daily work, study and life. Language permeates the heart.

Therefore, from a psychological point of view, there are still many shortcuts to achieve this level. The comprehensive application of these shortcut keys is crash.

Let's analyze the possible psychological phenomena and problems in English learning.

First, the problem of attention.

Secondly, the secret of memory.

Third, the solidification of thinking and the search for a breakthrough.

Fourth, psychological barriers caused by long-term stagnation. Anxiety, fear of difficulties, monotonous, not challenging and fresh. Wait a minute.

In view of these psychological phenomena and problems, we can build such a learning model:

1、

2、

3、

A theoretical model is not enough. A learning method must be operable in order to be acceptable.

From the crash methods such as "Crazy English" and "Miracle English", they focus on one point or one aspect, and they have better means to achieve it. Although Li Yang's theory of practicing "international muscle" is somewhat ridiculous in theoretical system, it does achieve a sense of wholeness, memory connection, phonological linkage and enhanced atmosphere in speed, reading aloud and group education. It is not difficult to understand that it has overcome the fear of communication and learned from oral English in all directions, with obvious results.

Appropriate starting point and interest points are the key to the success or failure of accelerated English learning methods.

Let's discuss the learning steps of psychology and accelerated English from the systematic learning method.

The first stage of lexical collapse

The shortcut to vocabulary learning lies in the effective use of memory.

memory curve

Effective repetition and invalid repetition

visual image

The second stage is a lot of fast reading.

Expand the amount of information captured from every angle.

Simultaneous circulation of calligraphy and calligraphy practice

The third stage retelling

Fixed collocation of concurrent steps, basic grammar learning

Listening comprehension improvement

Exchange; connect

The fourth stage of writing

The experience brought by creation is the most wonderful.

Tell a story

English diary

These four stages require concentration and hard work.

Word Memory and Systematic Learning Methods

Systematic learning method is a holistic learning method, which emphasizes from outline to detail, from whole to part. This is the snowball effect, more.

Many materials are absorbed into the existing system and closely linked together, so that they can be firmly remembered and easily applied.

Systematic learning is very effective in memorizing English words. We can understand the application of systematic learning method from the following steps.

Step 1: Define the vocabulary space.

Any vocabulary memory is not the memory of all English words. Be sure to define your vocabulary space according to your own needs. Generally speaking, there are many books on vocabulary counseling at present, so you don't have to collect samples yourself.

There are three ways to define a lexical space:

1. syllabus requirements. For example, junior high school English requires a vocabulary of 830 (plus the phrase 157). College entrance examination outline

English vocabulary is required to be 2832 (the outline requirement has been reduced recently, it seems to be around 2500). The vocabulary of Band 4 is 4000. Band 6 vocabulary is 5500. Although the requirements of the new syllabus are revised every year. However, level 4,500 and level 6,7500 can fully meet the requirements.

2. Suggestions on various vocabulary teaching materials. But unfortunately, I seldom find good vocabulary guidance books in Haidian Bookstore.

3. Teacher's experience. This method is suitable for students who learn English well.

My experience is that for low-level English vocabulary, it will be beneficial to expand the vocabulary space appropriately. For example, students in the senior high school entrance examination

Everyone who has mastered high school vocabulary will feel comfortable, which is also beneficial to strengthen the correlation between words. For senior high school students, mastering the vocabulary required by CET-4 is not a big obstacle for them to read ordinary foreign language books, and it is easy to improve their language breadth and sense. Dealing with level 4 with level 6 can also enhance confidence.

For the vocabulary with higher English level, it is no longer limited to the absolute number of vocabulary. For postgraduate English, memorizing the vocabulary of Grade 6 is enough. At this time, the understanding of word formation is even more important. As for TOEFL and GRE, a vocabulary of 10000 is necessary for high scores, while a vocabulary of 20000 is of course the best, and it does not affect reading speed.

It is suggested to choose simple and clear words, with as few/thin words as possible and as many words per page as possible. Choosing a good vocabulary can determine the difficulty, confidence and patience of the next step. At this time, we should pay attention to distinguish between the two requirements. When buying a book, the book is thicker and richer, which makes people feel real and worthy of the price of the book, so I decided to buy it. But when reading a book, the thinner and simpler the book, the easier it is to accept and reduce the fear of difficulties. Glossary, in particular, is rather boring. If the progress is slow, there will be no sense of accomplishment and the spirit will be exhausted.

Teachers usually recommend a glossary with English explanations and examples. Never fall into this trap. The metaphor of the generation gap may not be appropriate, but it should be remembered that the level and level of teachers are far above that of beginners, and their perspective on problems is definitely different from that of beginners. They crossed the barriers of vocabulary, left the swamp and sublimated to a higher level. I asked many English experts in middle school and tried their learning methods, but they all had little effect. Later, I figured out the reason: the methods they introduced are based on their existing conditions, but they are only suitable for their current situation, and even many of them are their beautiful wishes, and they may not be able to do it themselves. If you run with them, won't you fall or even get up without taking a few steps?

For beginners, General Vocabulary of College English Syllabus (edited by Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press/Higher Education Press) is recommended. The price of (1-4) is 8.00 yuan; (Grade 5-6) The price is 3.00 yuan. It's really more cost-effective

Some people emphasize memorizing dictionaries because every word in the dictionary has a comprehensive explanation. But this is for die-hard people (they are already masters of English). Not suitable for ordinary people to learn. In fact, just make a simple association: how many of us have memorized the Xinhua dictionary, and how many of us don't "read while" to deal with those new words. There is a fact: most people in China (even writers) can't recognize more than 15000 Chinese characters, and there are only 6763 Chinese characters in the first-class and second-class Chinese character libraries of computers (this is also the reason why some rare words can't be typed by the old input method). Therefore, language learning can also be divided into two stages: from beginners to masters; From a master to one of the best people. Memorizing the dictionary is the second stage.

It is not only the memory of words, but also the memory of phrases and phrases. These can help the overall cognition.

For the crash method, phonetic symbols are not important. Because the systematic learning method begins with the overall visual shock. Only when the visual concept is formed and solidified, does it need phonetic learning. Of course, if you already have a thesaurus in mind, you can easily find pronunciation rules, such as stress and vowel weakening, when you learn phonetic symbols quickly, and it is easy to cross pronunciation barriers. (Related Q&A: Don't you pay attention to phonetic symbols? )

Step 2: Look at the words.

Focus on the words first, not on memorizing them. This phase lasts 7-2 1 day.

Read all the commonly used words in the shortest time. Don't try to remember, but be serious, call out all the feelings in your heart and accept every new word.

Generally speaking, the vocabulary of CET-6 is 5500, which can be read once a day for 0.5-2 hours. Because everyone has an instinct to concentrate on unfamiliar words, the browsing speed will be faster and faster.

Such a surprise attack is the easiest way to get results.

However, you must be careful. If the heart has already flown out of the sky, it is meaningless to just look at these pages mechanically.

The reason why we look at words instead of reading them is to break through the reading barrier. In the process of reading, it is often silent reading that affects the reading speed. We must integrate visual stimuli to meet the requirements of thinking and reach the realm of fast reading. In the future application, even the exam, speaking and listening are smaller parts. Most people learn English not to cope with exams, but as a tool for reading and translating various materials smoothly in the future, such as browsing foreign websites and learning advanced foreign technology and management ideas. Don't let a small number of applications take up a lot of study time and application time.

Reading words is more effective than memorizing them. This is because it is easier to read than to get tired. In addition, it is easy to reach the speed of forming the outline impression of the whole word structure.

(Related Q&A: Why do you read words instead of memorizing them?)

Step 3: Think about words.

From the third day of reading words, you need to think about words. This is to call memory and let the words pass through your mind constantly.

Thinking about words is the most critical step in systematic learning.

Thinking about words is the best way to get rid of books. You can do it in any free time. Try to remember it in your mind several times, which will leave a much deeper impression that you will never forget for years. Even if you forget it later, it is easy to pick it up again because of a short circuit of thinking.

At first, you can recall words according to your vocabulary. That is to make words reappear in your mind.

Think of words faster than look at them. For memory, reading words is a process of remembering, and thinking about words is a process of remembering. The most effective combination of "remembering" and "remembering" is the combination of "seeing" and "thinking".

After seven days, you can try to classify and summarize the words yourself. At this time, the concept of words should correspond to the actual things and form an image.

Generally speaking, the basis of induction and summary is the difference and connection of words. Finding the characteristics of words, forming concept groups and binding them are the best ways to deepen memory. It is very important to establish the logical relationship between words. In this way, you may remember some words that have not been used for several years.

Characters have many characteristics. Pronunciation, root changes, morphological differences, content, scope of use, etc. , are the focus of thinking.

In the system learning method, this is the reconstruction of the tree structure. And initial network connection.

When you can't remember, you should read it in time and make up.

"Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous", which is the true meaning of learning.

Thinking about words will accompany English learning for life. However, after the assault stage has passed, its depth and breadth can be appropriately reduced, and the time for thinking about words can be reduced.

Step 4: Remember in use.

Learning is for use. Learning now and using now is the most effective learning method.

The use is multi-faceted and multi-angled. The process of using can really discover the characteristics of words and phrases and the needs of the use environment, so it is a process of refining the tree structure. Only through practical application can we spread the network connection more accurately and carefully. Practice is the basis of extensive contact.

At first, due to the lack of conditions, I suggested starting with a lot of fast reading. Reading materials is not necessarily difficult. In order to cultivate speed and feeling, the simpler the better. Beginners can read some foreign children's books and interesting essays, such as humor and fairy tales.

A lot of reading can quickly form a whole idea, which can be fixed and corrected in the use environment of words. With the foreshadowing, there is no obstacle to reading words, and attention should be shifted to the mapping of words in the article. For details, please refer to the English Reading and Systematic Learning Law.

Listening, oral retelling, communication and writing are all the use of words and phrases.

These are all very important. I will focus on the comprehensive study of these words, so I won't say it here.

English reading and systematic learning method

Systematic learning is a holistic learning method, so holistic view is the key to improve English reading ability.

Because it took two weeks to break through the word barrier, I have a good foundation in English reading.

The first stage: the introductory stage

Choose reading materials.

At first, the selection criteria of reading materials were articles that looked easy. Because the purpose of this stage is to cultivate a sense of language, find basic language habits and rules, and more importantly, practice and cultivate the habit of fast reading.

Beginners can read some children's books, little humor and short stories.

read extensively

A lot of reading can quickly form a whole idea, which can be fixed and corrected in the use environment of words. With the foreshadowing, there is no obstacle to reading words, and attention should be shifted to the mapping of words in the article.

speedread

You should try to challenge this critical point from time to time at the critical point where you have read the fastest.

There is no need to overemphasize the details.

Fast reading does not require accuracy, nor can it be accurate. Reading fast means that many things may be ignored.

Overall understanding.

Fast reading is for overall understanding. Just know what this article is about, know the general idea of the article, and try to express it. It is not recommended to turn back in a short time.

Allow ambiguity.

Understanding mistakes is inevitable. There is no need to rush to correct these mistakes.

Disorder recognition

People can form a partial understanding of the article by capturing and combining keywords. The collection of these keywords can express the general meaning of the article. Even if it is disturbed, it will not affect the formation of an outline to understand the general idea.

Free translation rather than literal translation.

For example, "Today is a sunny day", "Today is a sunny day" and "Today is a sunny day" are consistent in conveying the concept of caring for the group. Therefore, don't care too much about the reorganization of language, but pick up this feeling and content appropriately.

At the beginning, don't hinder the reading speed because of the reorganization of language. As long as the content is not mixed or leaked, after reading a lot, the images will be fully and properly connected with phrases and sentences.

There should be no language conversion process, which will seriously affect the reading speed.

The second stage: Italian group organization (see the role of Italian group organization in English learning for details)

Any article is the result of an Italian organization.

In the last stage, the habit of fast reading has been formed, and many words and phrases have been tied into independent meaning groups.

Learning grammar

Grammar learning at this stage often gives people a sobering feeling. At this time, people will spontaneously ask for ways and means to organize meaning groups, and grammar learning can just meet this demand.

You can refer to English grammar and systematic learning.

Learn to break sentences

Reading aloud is an effective way to learn to break sentences. Meaning group is pause. When reading aloud, people should shift their attention to the next meaning group when reading this meaning group.

Find the rhythm and sense of rhythm of the language.

Any language is the science of pronunciation. In tens of thousands of years, after the survival of the fittest, words and phrases that are not suitable for pronunciation have been cleaned up to the periphery, or disappeared, or are no longer commonly used. English is also a musical language.

It is at this stage that the sense of language is formed.

The third stage: retelling

Retelling is very effective learning.

Tell yourself, tell others what you just saw.

It's hard to have a good impression on others without writing articles.

Cultivate appreciation level.

Learning to write is a key step to absorb the essence of others. It may be poorly written at first, dry and even full of loopholes. It doesn't matter. This is a retelling. Adding something you take for granted may not be faithful to the original text. If you really can't write it, leave it blank. After writing, refer to how the original text is expressed.

You can read intensively at this stage.

In any case, fast, but also faster, which is the requirement of systematic learning and reading.

English grammar and systematic learning method

Systematic learning method is a method to capture knowledge points. Every knowledge point is a cornerstone.

Don't study grammar in isolation.

Systematic learning method should first make clear the position of grammar in English learning.

Not learning grammar will not affect your English level.

Grammar is originally something summed up from language, not grammar first, then language. Therefore, if the language is used well, not learning grammar will not hinder communication. Such as reading, dialogue, writing and so on.

But grammar is the fruit of linguists' labor. Their job is to explore the laws of language and put forward a series of methods to analyze language. These laws or rules are reasonable means to avoid ambiguity.

Grammar is not static. This is because language is in the process of continuous development and change. Learning grammar rigidly is a manifestation of learning failure. Can communicate correctly, that is, what should I do if I violate the grammatical requirements? You can consider omitting, and so on.

Obviously, grammar is a quick way.

Grammar learning is very simple.

Predecessors have established a theoretical system and framework. The hierarchy is also quite clear, which is very suitable for the application of systematic learning method.

Grammar is divided into morphology, syntax and composition. I think stylistics also belongs to the category of grammar.

I like Lin Yutang's concise English grammar.