According to the copy of "Wild Mountain Garden Map" by the painter Nong in Qing Dynasty, the Wild Mountain Garden originally had landscapes such as Shanmen, Paoma Building, Hantong Building, Biyun Lake Residence, Cheng Yanting, Xianting, Garden, Bridge, Chess Pavilion, Huamiao, Fangzhushan, Zhongru Mountain, Biyun Lake and Qingluoxi.
Liu Yuming recorded in detail the landscape of Yanshan Garden in the early 20th century in Wild Goose Garden (see Cao Xian, Ji You 1909 edition):
A few miles from its garden, there are rice beds, green trees and rivers around it, so this is a short trip. The two corners of the bridge are shaded by ancient osmanthus flowers, and they pass through a small village, where the ditch is gurgling, the old trees are lying across the mountain, and the fence winds through the mountain, and every time it turns, it reaches the gate of the garden. Puwei is heavy and lively, and the bench is dozens of feet. Crossing the waves, the stream sounds like a harp and cymbals, the balls and trees ring alternately, the valley line is poor, and the net is like a sapphire. How beautiful is it? When you enter the park, you are greeted by a good mountain, and you stand on the right side of fertile land. I hope that the green jade water embankment will bend around Cangyao, Shi Shui will be the arch, pine will be the wood of Liu Guizhi, and stone will be the whistle. On the right side of the site are dozens of luxury houses, and on the left is the long bridge. On the left is a building with water. There are mountains and holes in the building, which are _ closed _ snakes. Old and dangerous buildings are barren and poor. Turning south, all roads are smooth, and several domains are intertwined. Looking out from the water, you can see the walled house, which is the gate of the inner garden. There are dozens of brick buildings in the gate, which are tall, glistening and sunny, and are the main buildings of the park. There is a porch and cymbals downstairs, a bridal chamber in the side area, and a flying pavilion with steep cornices upstairs. Tens of thousands of scrolls are hidden here, outside the cymbals and inside the cymbals. They are wide and square, exhausted and fishing, bright and cool, with peaks in the north, wind pavilions and waterside pavilions in the east and waterside pavilions in the west. Purple is dazzling, gold is floating, and purple is scattered. Beyond the fourth floor, from right to south, there are flower beds and bamboo platforms, and turn into the mountain pavilion along the ridge. The stream under the pavilion is deep blue, and sacred fish haunt it. Behind the pavilion, the rock bends to make a hole for Yanshan Mountain, which is strange, incredible, cool and wider. There are dozens of high cliffs under the wall, which can accommodate dozens of tables, one of which is better than the summer heat. The square wood is planted all over the cave, and there is a flower bed beside it, so I won't go again at night.
The road from the building to the southwest of Qiaolou (from Hantong Building to Cheng Yanting) is for Cheng Yanting, which is the room where Jing Qing sleeps and prospers. The cloister is sparse, with its back to the lonely pavilion, full of holes, overlooking the green, reading and fishing. A winding corridor from the building to the southeast. Along the promenade, turn into the bridge pavilion, where the mirror of the Ming Lake opens and the algae crisscross. The bridge pavilion is built on the lake and can reach the Yuanzhou Hall. There are seven rooms in the hall, which are spacious and bright, surrounded by painted columns and water everywhere. Boating in the lake, flowers and bamboos set each other off, the wind blows, and your birds change their voices. On the right side of the lake is Li Lin, on the left side of the lake is Huayu, the bamboo forest in front of the lake is green, and so is the former site of Langguan.
There are many buildings in Yanshan Garden. If Laomen is the north branch point and Cheng Yan Pavilion is the central axis of the south noon point, there are six groups of buildings along the central axis, namely, Gate, Umbrella Pavilion, Embroidery Building, Theater Building, Hantong Building and Cheng Yan Pavilion. The architectural patterns are different, with distinct layers and natural stretching. Entering from the gate, the mountain is blocked by water and there is no way to go. I saw a lonely pavilion-an umbrella pavilion standing on the right side of the water. Opposite the umbrella pavilion and the red lotus pond is the embroidered building. There is a pond in front of the umbrella pavilion, which is full of red lotus flowers, so it is named Hongliantang. Upstream is a ditch, and at the end is another pond at the foot of Zhongshan Mountain, which is full of Bai Lianhua and named Bailiantang. Later, there was a small pond, which was named White Goose Hall because its owner used to raise white geese. The north bank of Bai 'etang is Ruzhongshan. This is a series of water systems designed in combination with natural terrain layout. The water surface of Hongliantang is connected with the Beiliu Qingluoxi River, and the submerged fish pond is filled with * * water, forming a scene of wide water surface, which has quite the artistic conception of "half an acre of square pond is opened, and the waves are floating * * *".
The central area of Yanshan Garden is an open, long and narrow open space, which is connected to Rongyuan Garden in the north, culvert in the south, Biyun Lake and Bailiantang in the east and Qingluoxi in the west. It can be described as the central square of Yanshan Garden, with a very open terrain. The owner of the garden built a theater near Rongyuan (1936, Guangxi Teachers College built an auditorium on the basis of abandoned theater, namely Jin Hui School).
The whole Yanshan Garden consists of six buildings built on the central axis, which are assembled, hidden, performed and embroidered in one line. Qingluoxi passes through the garden from south to north, with high-rise buildings on the east bank of the stream and idyllic Daoxiang village on the west bank.
What's interesting about Yanshan Mountain in Guilin?
Dayan Moutain is located on both banks of the lower reaches of the Xijiang River, with the main peak at an altitude of 3,077 meters. Because the mountain looks like a wild goose spreading its wings, it is named after the Xijiang River drinking water.
Dayan Moutain and Xiqiao Mountain face each other across the river, with majestic mountains and undulating peaks. Here, Songtao Mountain Flower, Lingjunshi, Dangerous Cave, Creek Waterfall, Quantan Pinghu and other natural scenery rich in China traditional landscape painting colors are readily available and colorful. Entering the tourist area from Guangzhan Highway, a Spanish-style building "Dayan Moutain Hotel" is located at the entrance of the mountain. When you enter the garden gate, the tall steps are covered with grass, and the words "Dayan Moutain" are impressive. A gable wall more than 500 meters long will take you up the mountain road. On the platform of Yanshan Mountain, two big characters "Dayan Moutain" spread their wings and soared in the air on two black marble columns. Along the nearly four-kilometer-long winding Cement Mountain Avenue, you can reach all the major scenic spots: on one side of the mountainside, there is a "cave sky" made of huge stones, and there is an inspiring durian couplet "Banshan Pavilion" in the pavilion. Day, "look far from giving up halfway, it is better to watch all the way and always be pregnant." On the other side of Lion Peak, a two-story hexagonal lion pavilion is hidden in the green building of Songtao. There is a natural "lion stone" behind the pavilion, which looks like a real lion. Climb up the steps along the handrail of the "fairyland road" on the mountainside and reach the top of the mountain, which is Yanshan Pinghu, surrounded by mountains, with trees and lakes in Hunan. The road around the lake is tortuous, and fishing pavilions and water trees are built according to the water. There are also parking lots, shopping malls and vegetarian restaurants, which are good places for tourists to rest. There is a narrow stone road leading to the barbecue in the valley. Barbecue field has waterfall pavilion, management room, "shopping mall, lotus pond." More than ten umbrella-shaped barbecue kiosks are set up on streams, rocks and slopes respectively. Dozens of Singapore-style Bo barbecues with simple shapes contrast with the unique scenery such as waterfalls, deep cliffs and pine blossoms.
Go up from Yanshan Mountain to Pinghu and run to the top of the mountain. There are two peaks on each side of the parking lot. Zuofeng is the Sun and Moon Peak, with a Sun and Moon Pavilion consisting of a hexagonal pavilion and three umbrella pavilions. There is also a moon viewing platform and Wangjiang platform, which are dotted with stone benches, stone steps and curved flowers. It is really a small and exquisite mountain park: the mountain peak on the right is the Wild Goose Peak, with numerous cliffs and rugged rocks, which is very spectacular. There are Wangjiang Pavilion and Chimelong between the cliffs. The Yanfeng Pavilion, also known as "Luyou Pavilion", which stands at the top of the Yanfeng, was built at the expense of Mr. Lu, a Hong Kong tourist. It has three floors and six corners, built on a cliff, and there is a magnificent coffee shop on the lower floor. When you board the pavilion, you can see all directions, such as thin hills and forests, picturesque rural scenery and beautiful scenery in the urban-rural junction, tidal Xijiang River, busy Jiujiang Bridge and natural scenery in the Pearl River Delta.
The main attractions of Yanshan Garden
1, Taoyuan Artistic Conception: There is a natural cave named Xiang Si Cave on the Zhushan Mountain in the garden, which is named after the peach tree and also means "Xanadu". The mouth of the cave is shallow and narrow, and there is nothing strange at first glance. Into the hole, climb down the wall, walk around a boulder, suddenly enlightened, and have a different artistic conception. "The cliff is tens of feet high and can accommodate dozens of banquets." Looking from the cave, there are three or two clusters of green bamboos and hundreds of peach blossoms, including pavilions, which are cool and quiet. Compared with the bustling impression of pavilions left in my mind when I entered the cave, it seems that I have entered an isolated "Xanadu". Therefore, people also call it "Acacia Cave". In 1930s, Hu Shi came here because he thought the red beans were in the forest in front of the cave, and suggested changing it to "Acacia Cave". Dinosaur fossils were found in the cave.
2. Mysterious Acacia River: Acacia River is like a soft and gentle "Luo Qing", drifting northward from the foot of Chimonobambusa bambusa. There are strange rocks in the river, the shade is sandwiched between the two banks, the river bends and changes, the river is crystal clear, and there are countless fish. There is a stone rainbow on the water, and its reflection is like a ring. More strangely, the river appeared at the foot of Bambusa bambusa and suddenly disappeared at the west foot of Ruzhong Mountain. There are no gaps in the surrounding walls, no culverts on the roads, and no rivers to be found. Only 200 meters of river is embedded in the garden, which can be described as passive and without a trace. A folk Sang Song: "A section of the Xianhe River fell into the garden, and there was nowhere to go around the fence. It flows all year round, coming and going without a trace. " Some people call it "Feilai River" according to its characteristics of coming and going without a trace.
3. Sweet-scented osmanthus wonderland: There are more than a thousand grotesque sweet-scented osmanthus trees in the garden. In autumn, the garden is full of fragrance and the flowers are covered with snow. The osmanthus trees on the banks of the Xiang Si River are very old and have different shapes, which are integrated with the natural environment in the garden.
4. Millennium Cinnamomum camphora: There are seven Cinnamomum camphora trees in the garden, one thousand-year-old tree, and its branches are distributed in a Beidou shape, which is a sacred tree juxtaposed with the big banyan tree in Guilin. Legend has it that the big banyan tree in Yangshuo is a female saint, and the ancient camphor tree in Yanshan Garden is a male saint. Local folk songs: First, seven camphor trees, then Yanshan Garden. At that time, the owner took a fancy to this tree, which could help him get promoted, and he thought of gardening. It is also said that the master has taken a fancy to this place and has the idea of monopolizing the holy tree.
5. The first geomantic paradise in Lingnan: The geomantic omen of the whole Yanshan Garden conforms to the principle of the best choice of geomantic omen in China, especially in Laomen area, which is an excellent geomantic omen course. Zhong Rushan, facing the gate, has a mysterious cave and countless hidden bats, which is the only treasure house of "green hills and hidden blessings" in Lingnan. 6. Longji Ancient Road: Longji Road, the only traditional garden in China, is still preserved in the park. The ancients compared Longji Road to their gardens, hence the name of the Imperial Examination. 7. Fishing for the Moon in Zhu Xuan: The ancient bridge, the Miss Building and the Gongzi Building in the Ming Dynasty are far away from each other, with Dongshan on the moon, fishing boats and songs on the moon, which are beautiful. The Miss Building in the garden is now the studio of Huang Gesheng, a master of Chinese painting. The word "Rongyuan" was inscribed by Qi Baishi.
8. Flower Temple: There is the only flower temple in Lingnan, with twelve flower statues. Visitors here can worship flowers and help them to be young and beautiful. Chen Shouxiang, a famous scholar, wrote a couplet for the Temple of China: 108 bells awaken the dream of spring, and 24 trade winds blow all over the mountain pond.
9, do not sweep the path: the hillside path in the park, the leaves are all over the ground in late autumn, and the artistic conception is far-reaching. The owner couldn't bear to sweep the fallen leaves, so he didn't sweep the path. There is a couplet at the gate of the garden, "Flowers gather and disperse, leaves gather and disperse, and human feelings gather and disperse." Mountains are ups and downs, water is ups and downs, and time is not ups and downs. "
10, Red Bean Pavilion: There is a strange tree in the garden-Red Bean Tree, and there is a red bean pavilion next to it. Chen Yinque, the most learned scholar in China, lived here for one year and left many poems. Chen Yinque is proficient in more than 20 languages and is famous for studying the history of Sui and Tang Dynasties. After liberation, he publicly declared that he would not study Marxism-Leninism. He died in Sun Yat-sen University during the Cultural Revolution. He is recognized as an academic master in China. He is the son-in-law of Tang, a native of Guilin, Guangxi, who is the governor of Taiwan Province Province. Hu Shi also came here and left a poem about acacia beans: "Acacia Rock on Acacia River, Acacia Cave under Acacia Rock. Three years is not too late, and one night of lovesickness makes people thin. "
1 1, Biyun Lake Green Perfume Ink: Huyun Lake, also known as "Yuanyang Lake", is natural and simple. Willow is planted by the lake and lotus is planted in the lake. There is a two-story and three-story water pavilion in the lake, which looks like a boat, hence the name "Biyun Lake Boat", and there is a long arc-shaped water corridor connected with the culvert building. Boarding the boat in Biyun Lake, I watched it, but I saw weeping willows, small red lilies, dancing boats and the reflection of Cuifeng, which was beautiful. The Houhu boat was changed to a waterside pavilion by Cen Chunxuan. China Lijiang Painting School's original works exhibition and studio are concentrated in the park, next to the waterside pavilion of Biyun Lake, in the center of the waterside pavilion, which is the largest painting school base in contemporary China. 12, Chenghuai Academy: China Modern Academy, founded by China Academy of Fine Arts, has New literati paintings School Work Center in China. In addition, famous masters Chen Shouxiang, Xie Tiancheng and Jiang Bibo all have studios here. Qing Xiang Bookstore (also known as Gongzilou) is the birthplace of internationally renowned China entrepreneur and cultural celebrity Jin Yuxi.
13, National Treasure "Hundred Mile Map of Lijiang River" Art Museum: National Treasure "Hundred Mile Map of Lijiang River" is Huang Gesheng's work and a masterpiece depicting Guilin's landscape. Its picture books have been collected by the Library of Congress, and the original works are hidden in gardens and culverts.
14. Bao Si Garden: The precious plants of Guilin karst natural ecology: Chimonobambusa bambusa, red beans, osmanthus fragrans and green plums, which are the treasures of many plants in the garden, are also called the four treasures of Yanshan Mountain.
15, Chengtan Wonderland: Not far from Taoyuan Cave, there is a small lake with an area of about 100 square meter, which is inexhaustible all year round. Every spring and summer, when the rain is strong, the spring water gushes out of the ground, crashing, and the rolling waterline is flower-shaped. There is a swirling vortex in the corner of the lake, which takes the water away from the lake. Therefore, no matter how much water is poured into the lake, it will not overflow the shore, and the water surface will always be balanced, which is rare in the world. There is a Xilin memorial pavilion in the pool.
16, Xilin Past: Yanshan Garden was once purchased by Cen Chunxuan, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. Cen is a native of Xilin, Guangxi, so it is also called Xilin Garden. As the private garden of the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, Cen Xilin spent a lot of effort in gardening here, and now the restored Qing garden architecture in the garden is Cen's handwriting. Cen is a very influential figure in modern history. There are portraits of Cen Xilin and handwritten stone carvings in the park, which are precious historical materials.
17, Culture of the Republic of China: Yanshan Garden is one of the places with the heaviest cultural traces in contemporary China gardens. A considerable number of buildings in the park were restored according to the old style of the Republic of China, including the University Square, which also maintained the style of the Republic of China. Auditorium-Hui Tangxue is the only available auditorium for the Republic of China in China. Lin Sen, Chairman of the National Government of the Republic of China, wrote the inscription "Beautiful scenery", which is the only inscription by the top leader of the Republic of China in Guilin, Guangxi.
18, Hantong Building (under repair): The main building in the park, a famous building in Lingnan Garden in Qing Dynasty, is two stories high. The Qing people called it "the story is high and the weather is fine." At the top of this building is the owner's library, with a collection of books100000 volumes. It was the first library in Guangxi in the late Qing Dynasty. The rebuilt Hantong Building will become the Lijiang Painting School Literature Museum.
19, Wen Qi, Cheng Yan: At the foot of Zhushan Mountain in the garden, there is Cheng Yanting, where the original owner lived, and the owner received guests and wrote books. This was once the salon of the regional cultural center at that time. This pavilion is backed by mountains and rivers, and once there was a magic fish in the water. "Lacquer carp is as slender as a human being, swimming around in the pond."
20. Autumn colors of Wild Goose Garden: The autumn of Wild Goose Mountain Garden is full of colorful leaves and beautiful artistic conception.
2 1, forever Sanjie Liu: The movie Sanjie Liu will be shown in the auditorium every night without stopping, and it will be declared as a Guinness World Record.