In the summer of 193 1, Zhang Shiyi was admitted to Baoding No.2 Division. The full name of Baoding No.2 Division is "Hebei No.2 Normal School" (the first normal school in the province is in Tianjin). Because the school is located in Baoding, it is called Baoding No.2 Division or Bao No.2 Division. This is a public school, and some poor students in this province or North China are eager to apply for Baoding No.2 Division. Some students are admitted after several consecutive exams, so they are generally older, but their knowledge level is relatively high. In this school, there was a two-party organization as early as the 1920s. * * * The production party organization was established in 1924 and the Kuomintang organization was established in 1928. By the early 1930s, the strength of the * * * production party organization had developed greatly. According to some statistics, the number of * * * production party, * * youth league and red people accounts for about two-thirds of the total number of teachers and students in the school. It was once called "the training ground of revolutionary struggle and the melting pot of youth revolutionary exercise". After Zhang Shiyi came to this melting pot, he felt very cordial about the political environment here. So he did not hesitate to join the "anti-imperialist grand alliance", the peripheral organization of the * * * production party. He took an active part in various meetings, read progressive newspapers and periodicals, and his thoughts were suddenly enlightened. He feels that living in such an atmosphere is very powerful. In order to show sincerity, he made an oath that "the change of China depends entirely on me, Cao" and renamed Baoquan as a mainstay, to show that "I, Cao" can play a role as a mainstay in the torrent of revolutionary struggle. After the September 18th Incident, he took to the streets with the revolutionary teachers and students of the Second Division to publicize the idea of resisting Japan and saving the nation and launched a struggle against Japanese goods. Regarding Chiang Kai-shek's policy of non-resistance, he recorded a poem by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, "A merchant girl doesn't know how to hate her country, but she still sings flowers in the garden after crossing the river", which was circulated among her classmates and attacked the Kuomintang government's idea of passive resistance. By the spring of 1932, the learning tide of the Second Normal School, which was aroused by the Kuomintang reactionary authorities' suppression of students' patriotic actions, reached its peak, and he performed very well in the struggle to protect the school. The army besieging the school was the Kuomintang 14 brigade, which was originally under the command of the Northeast Army. Zhang Shiyi aimed at the hearts of soldiers in Northeast China, and sang "Hometown, Hometown, Tears streaming down her face, we are nurses, you are officials, who will raise my hometown mother! ? ..... "While singing, the political disintegration touched many soldiers who besieged the school, creating favorable conditions for nursing school leaders to enter and leave the school gate. When the student tide continued to develop in depth, the reactionary authorities completely closed down the school in desperation. Zhang Shiyi was forced to return to his hometown from the fiery battlefield. He once regretted and firmly said to his good friend Yang Fengcheng: "The fate is rugged, forcing people to revolution. "
Although Zhang Shiyi only studied in Baoding No.2 Division for one year, he has been trained and tested. At school, under the guidance of the anti-imperialist League, the party's peripheral organization, he not only participated in the necessary revolutionary activities, but also had the privilege of reading On Art, a publication published by the underground party organization of the school in the name of "Northern People's Publishing House". There are articles such as armed riots, a guide to land farmers, and a preliminary study of social sciences. After reading these articles, he recalled what he saw and heard in the past and the revolutionary struggle practice he personally participated in. His eyes lit up and he understood. After returning to his hometown, he immediately called his old friends Liu Defu, Hao Xiwu and Zhao Jingfu to form an "anti-imperialist grand alliance". Under the guidance of the revolutionary theory learned by Baoding No.2 Division, he led the local farmers to fight against the exploitation of people's profiteering by Yonggui Li, a salt merchant specializing in Xiacang Town, and then launched the struggle of increasing employees' capital and organizing farmers to grab wheat from landlords. The development of these struggles gave great encouragement to the farmers in Xiacang Town and made them see the great power of unity. During the Great Wall Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Shiyi and Hao Xiwu organized fund-raising activities in the name of anti-imperialist major league organizations, and also used the assembly day of Xiacang and Shangcang to publicly preach. Every time a large number of facts are used to expose the crime of humiliating the country and publicize the anti-Japanese and national salvation, many people gather. He used his powerful voice and inspiring language to inspire people's enthusiasm for resisting Japan and saving the country.
1On April 23, 933, Zhang Shiyi learned that Li Dazhao's family and many celebrities had held a funeral for Li Dazhao in Beiping, and ventured to Beiping to participate in the "road sacrifice" parade, and distributed the cards printed by the Revolutionary Mutual Economic Association with a bust of Li Dazhao to the people in Xicheng District. Zhang Shiyi's revolutionary activities attracted the attention of the enemy. Wanted by the reactionary authorities, he was forced to teach at Guo Xiangyu Primary School in the northern mountainous area of Jixian County. When he arrived at school, he saw so many lively and lovely children that his heart was on fire. A sense of responsibility for educating the country immediately rose from his heart. According to Li Dazhao's poem "Moral with Iron Shoulder, Skillful Writing", he wrote the banner of "Education with Iron Shoulder, Smiling at Children" to encourage himself. At school, he teaches seriously and pays special attention to students' ideological and moral education. At the same time, I also do social surveys to understand the views of all walks of life on the situation. He also paid special attention to contact with rural gentry and intellectuals and publicized the truth of saving the country and revenge. According to Yang Fengcheng's memory, at the beginning of 1934, Zhang Shiyi was recuperating due to illness. When Yang succeeded him, he found an article entitled "The Japanese invaders invaded urgently and all industries withered; The rural economy is on the verge of bankruptcy. Just talk about it. It is the enlightenment and edification that I learned later. "Do evening classes at night and make up your own literacy textbooks. The content of lesson 65438 +0-8 is: people; People; Workers; Farmers; Production; Labor; Transformation; This world. Stimulate farmers' national consciousness through literacy education. Through easy-to-understand words and simple explanations, it has been welcomed by farmers.
1at the beginning of 934, Zhang Shiyi studied at Jinghu Middle School in Beiping, where he began to contact the underground staff in the middle school. Soon, with the help of the Party organization, he entered the Department of Political Economy of China University in Beiping. Under the guidance of the Party, his thoughts have undergone new changes, and he realized that the North China Incident further deepened the national crisis, and the tragic disaster of national subjugation and extinction was imminent. Therefore, he became the backbone of the great "December 29th" patriotic movement. On that day, he walked with the procession to the vicinity of the West Temple and shouted the slogan of "Stop the Civil War and unite with the outside world" and "Down with Japanese imperialism". A group of reactionary military police came after hearing the sound. The clever Zhang Shiyi flashed to the left, just as a fruit vendor hid him under the stall and got rid of the enemy's pursuit. At this time, his hometown of Jidong has become a colony of Japanese invaders. Due to the cruel exploitation and plunder of the regime after the invasion, the rural economy was destroyed, families were poor, and there was almost no economic support for the world to study. In order to supplement the funds he needed to study and carry out anti-Japanese and national salvation activities, he worked as a tutor in Zhuanta Hutong in Xicheng District while studying. Going to school in the morning, performing tutor duties in the afternoon, and going out at night to carry out liaison work to resist Japan and save the country are very hard every day, but I am very gratified mentally. In order to expand the power of resisting Japan and saving the country, while widely contacting the patriots at the upper level, the Association of Jixian County in Beiping was established to unite and engage in anti-Japanese and saving the country activities. 1One day in May, 937, Zhang Shiyi learned that Qiu Zhenyuan of the Hometown Association was arrested by the Kuomintang government authorities for going to Dongguan Middle School in Baxian County, Hebei Province to develop the party's peripheral organization "Pioneer of National Liberation", which was both anxious and angry. After consulting with his fellow villagers and friends, he pawned a few pieces of travelling expenses clothes and wrote an official letter of "Jixian Meeting" engraved with radish. Zhang Shiyi volunteered and went straight to the Eight Immortals to save Qiu Zhenyuan. After arriving at the Eight Immortals, he submitted an official letter to the Kuomintang county government, and in the name of the Jixian Society in Beiping, he started a reasoning struggle with the Kuomintang county magistrate Longmou, telling the fact that the people suffered after the North China Incident and the national justice of resisting Japan and saving the country. ..... Words, the dragon county magistrate was conquered, gave up the evil idea of sending an enemy to Baoding to get 10 thousand yuan compensation, and released Qiu Zhenyuan under the guarantee to make him escape safely. Since then, Zhang Shiyi risked his life and persuaded the county magistrate to rescue Qiu Zhenyuan with great wisdom and eloquence. This incident spread in Dongguan Middle School and left a deep impression on some progressive teachers and students.
1On July 7, 937, the sound of guns at Lugou Bridge aroused the anti-Japanese anger of the people all over the country. Since then, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in China has been in full swing. As a result of this situation, all the students of Beiping University have moved to the countryside. Zhang Shiyi returned to his hometown. He started teaching at Taipingzhuang Primary School, then at Qukou Primary School in Xianghe County, and soon got in touch with Hao Xiwu who taught at Mengjiabang Primary School. The two of them continued their revolutionary activities, mainly mimeographed and published tabloids to resist Japan and save the nation. Their activities were immediately supported by Jixian County Committee. That winter, with the help of the head of the county party Committee and Wang, the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association was established in Xiacang Town, with Zhang Shiyi as the director and Hao Xiwu as the deputy director. The Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association expanded rapidly to young students and farmers by uniting relatives and friends, and also won a group of upper-middle class people and local celebrities with a total number exceeding Bao Jiachang. By June 1938, almost every village in Xiacang and Shangcang had established the organization of the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association.
As early as August 1937, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made it clear that the Red Army could carry out guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines in eastern Hebei, with Wuling Mountain as its base. According to the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee, the fourth column of the Eighth Route Army advanced into eastern Hebei at the turn of spring and summer from 65438 to 0938. The local party organizations in eastern Hebei also actively mobilized the masses to fight against Japan and save the nation. The Anti-Japanese National Salvation Association led by Zhang Shiyi and Hao Xiwu developed under this situation. In late June, in view of the situation of the anti-Japanese struggle in eastern Hebei, the higher party decided to mobilize the people of eastern Hebei to carry out armed riots (uprisings) and made arrangements for the specific actions of the riots. When Zhang Shiyi learned the news of the armed riot, he was too excited to sleep at night. He felt that it was time for young people with blood to serve the motherland. In order to express his determination to unswervingly follow the revolutionary road of the * * * production party as an intellectual, he changed his name to Shi Yi again.
July 14 is their most tense day. In the Guandi Temple in the west of Xiacang Town, there are fake security guards and fake police stations. They organized riot preparations at Hao Xiwu's home in the north of the city. If there is a "careless move", it will lead to a "total loss" situation, so all actions are carried out in secret. As night fell, Zhang Shiyi and Hao Xiwu moved the riot control headquarters to Dongqimiao Primary School, called the township liaison officers to hold a meeting with the people's organizations and upper-middle-class personnel who had already won, and distributed armbands and flags sent by their superiors to the participants respectively, and agreed to set the evening at 6544. At midnight, the riot squad directly led by the headquarters surrounded the fake security detachment and the fake police station. After two whistles were used as signals, riot squads from all directions flocked to the scene. The first person who rushed to the steps of Guandi Temple was Zhang Shiyi, with a spear in his hand. There is no denying that he surrendered the gun of the pseudo-security captain who tried to resist. Under the shock of the flood of riots, he captured the pseudo-security team and the pseudo-police station without firing a shot. After the two nails were pulled out, people felt proud and more people joined the riot squad. Zhang Shiyi and Hao Xiwu led the riot squad from the border areas of Jixian, Baodi and Yutian counties to the east and north, galloping and invincible. It has successively conquered JD.COM's major towns such as Yahongqiao, Bieshan, Mashen Bridge and Caiting Bridge. The team grew to more than 2,000 people and was incorporated into the sequence of the anti-Japanese Coalition forces in Jidong, known as the 6th Corps, with Zhang Shiyi as the team leader and Hao Xiwu as the political director. This team echoed the riot squads in other areas from a distance, forming a magnificent picture of 65,438+10,000 people armed with guns in Jidong, which shocked China and foreign countries. In mid-September, the 6th Corps was ordered to evacuate to Pingxi anti-Japanese base area with the 4th column of the Eighth Route Army for training and consolidation. In June, 5438+00, Zhang Shiyi was introduced by Comrade Li Ziguang to join the Producer Party of China. After the training and consolidation, cadres and soldiers will be redistributed. At this time, Zhang Shiyi found a good friend Hao Xiwu and said with deep affection: "Looking back at this history, our minds are very simple. For example, in the struggle against the enemy, we did not know enough about the importance of mastering weapons, and naively thought that the success of riots was the victory of the war of resistance. We lack sufficient mental preparation for the struggle situation in which the enemy is strong and we are weak, and the base areas are created to persist in a protracted war. " Hao Xiwu felt that his words were very profound. Indeed, although Zhang Shiyi's words are not many, it shows that he has matured. Since then, he has become a professional revolutionary worker.