The narrator is the bridge and link between the museum and the memorial hall and the society, and is the business card of the museum and the memorial hall. The quality and level of interpretation services directly affect the education and visiting quality of the audience, the window image of museums and memorial halls, and even the image of a region or a country. Therefore, how to select and train interpreters, especially excellent interpreters, plays a key role in the social education of museums and memorial halls.
Here, the author talks about some personal thoughts on the selection and training of commentators and the communication with friends in the same industry. 1. The selection and explanation of lecturers in museums and memorial halls is an art with highly integrated knowledge and language. Their professional characteristics are essentially different from those of tour guides. It is a combination of professionalism, knowledge and artistry, which integrates professional and technical means such as teachers, broadcasting, speech, drama and performance.
The narrator is in a special key position, and she faces a special group with different knowledge levels and age levels. The narrator not only shoulders the function of publicity and education, but also can effectively organize and guide the audience to visit, and also shoulders the obligation and responsibility of coordination, writing and research. The commentator is the image spokesperson of a unit, a region and a country, and every social worker should correctly view the status and nature of the commentator's work.
The selection of interpreters is very important for the training of interpreters. An excellent interpreter must have a good comprehensive quality. The main source of selection is college students, because these students have good personal basic conditions and basic qualities, and their age characteristics are between 18-22 years old. They have the characteristics of strong ability to accept new things and strong enthusiasm for work. The basic qualifications of interpreters must be strict, especially some conditions, such as sound and images, which cannot be achieved the day after tomorrow, so we should consider them carefully.
First, the narrator should have good moral and professional ethics, abide by national laws and regulations, and have the emotional quality of loving the motherland, museums and memorials, because only with such conditions can the narrator establish the concept of audience first and serve the audience wholeheartedly. The second is to have good cultural quality and knowledge literacy, not only to master rich professional knowledge, but also to read widely.
The narrator is preferably graduated from culture, history, archaeology, tourism, Chinese, broadcasting or related majors, with a college degree or above. Third, you should have a good public image, good health and meet the professional requirements, so as to leave a good first impression on the audience and help to continue the explanation.
Fourth, have good voice conditions and language skills, and be good at communicating with the audience. Can organize the audience well through harmonious language.
The communication level should reach level 2 and above. The language of foreign language interpreters or sign language and dialect interpreters should also reach the corresponding level.
In addition, the narrator should also have good personality characteristics, psychological quality and reaction ability, be able to face different audiences and complete the explanation task well. There should also be appropriate requirements for their hobbies. Qin, chess, calligraphy and painting are all proficient, and the commentator who can sing and dance always makes the audience feel refreshed.
These are the basic conditions for us to choose lecturers. Meanwhile, the selection of interpreters should be standardized.
First of all, we should publish the recruitment information in detail within a certain range and determine the selection targets. The second is that the first interview should be in place and serious, and then the second interview personnel should be determined.
The third is to strictly pass the re-examination and finally determine the personnel who will participate in the trial. After the trial, there should be a pre-job training and assessment process, and those who fail to pass the trial will continue training or end the trial. The interview content should include self-introduction, language expression ability, knowledge test, professional answer and special performance.
The recruitment team should be composed of supervisors, department heads, personnel supervisors and senior lecturers. Second, the training of instructors should be 1, and the training objectives should be clear.
With the development of society, our professional level and requirements for interpreters are constantly improving. What the audience needs is no longer a simple didactic explanation, but a vivid and scientific explanation. Judging from the post characteristics, our training goal is to train lecturers into "lecturers, receptionists, researchers and communicators" through 5- 10 years of training.
Generally speaking, working for 5- 10 years is a familiar process and a period of accumulating experience and knowledge, and it takes at least 8- 10 years for an interpreter to reach maturity. Therefore, managers should change the concept that "interpreting is a young profession", spend more time training and improving the existing interpreters, organize more professional skills competitions, strengthen daily management and assessment, and improve the professional level of interpreters.
2. Training methods should be flexible. The cultivation of an excellent commentator is a long-term and systematic training process.
Interpretation training can be divided into pre-job training, on-the-job training and professional training. First of all, pre-job training is particularly important for the growth of interpreters. Units should have a flexible system to regulate the management of interpreters, a training plan and a training system, and organize purposeful study and training at the beginning of the year or the beginning of the month.
Experts or experienced lecturers are invited by the unit to take the way of "passing, helping and taking" to train the lecturers to understand the museum knowledge, display the contents and explain the rules and skills. For a large number of new jobs, closed training should be adopted. Secondly, the day after tomorrow training is an important means to improve the level of explanation, mainly professional post training, aiming at improving the level of explanation art and knowledge. Various professional trainings can be organized by "sending out" or "inviting in".
We should actively organize and participate in professional training and refresher courses at all levels, and at the same time have a training effect inspection system. For example, trained lecturers can give lectures or give demonstrations to new lecturers.
In addition, it is necessary to exchange experiences with peer units and learn from each other's strengths. Thirdly, it is necessary to conduct more simulation training, especially for major receptions, which can be simulated by multiple lecturers in the same institution.
The unit itself should organize more technical competitions or actively participate in professional skills competitions at all levels, which will help translators improve their skills, broaden their knowledge, broaden their horizons and enhance communication. Fourth, through various forms of organizational culture training, improve the sense of belonging and collective significance of translators.
2. Eloquent idioms describing iron teeth and copper teeth 1
Two words shocked four people.
Tell me about it.
A tongue as dexterous as a spring
5. Debate between Confucianists
6 export into a chapter
7 have a glib tongue
8 gushing
Words gushed out like a waterfall. Describe talking and distinguishing. It's not over yet.
10 eloquence: good at it; Debate: debate. Describe the talkative, eloquent, eloquent.
1 1 can be used to describe the population and be good at talking.
12 articulate: speak, speak; Smart: smart and flexible. Speak quickly and deal with it easily. Describe eloquence well.
13 Answer like a stream: Answer. Answers flow like water. Good eloquence and quick response.
10 argument: good eloquence, good at debate. Be eloquent and articulate.
1 1 eloquent Buddhist language. Refers to the bodhisattva as a human being, fluent in righteousness and reason, and later refers to eloquence.
12 eloquence does not hinder: hinder. Originally a Buddhist term, it means that the bodhisattva speaks with people, is fluent in righteousness and reasoning, and later refers to eloquence.
Well, we can argue.
13 punch line: beading. Interesting words come and go.
14 A lotus with a bright tongue is a metaphor for the literary grace and beauty of speech.
15 glib, sharp: smart. Describe people as smart and eloquent.
3. The characteristics of the museum lecturer's explanation A good explanation should meet four requirements.
First, the language is fluent and colloquial, and the sentence pattern is moderate, which makes the audience easy to understand and remember. It won't sound incoherent because the sentence is too short, and it won't be incomprehensible because the sentence is too long and the reaction time is short. Second, we should consider the cooperation and complementarity with the display layout. Due to the limitation of layout area and layout design effect, the contents that need to be expressed in some exhibitions cannot be displayed on the layout, so they need to be supplemented by explanations to make up for the lack of contents, and at the same time, the layout and exhibits are given vitality through explanations to form the effect of spatial atmosphere.
Third, it is necessary to change the indoctrination and instruction explanations to the audience, and pay attention to the communication and dissemination of the explanations, so that after listening to the explanations, the audience can increase their understanding of the exhibits and historical background, increase their knowledge, go deeper, and leave as much thinking space as possible for the audience. Fourth, different topics should be prepared for different groups. In addition to the general explanation for the ordinary audience, the explanation for the children should avoid being cold and bitter, and the narrative story should be added to make it easy for the children to accept.
Some local museums should also prepare lectures for foreign and China minority audiences according to the local characteristics. The way of explanation is manifested in language, including oral language and body language.
Compared with other performance majors, the body language of explanation is much simpler, which requires the narrator to stand up straight and walk steadily, and to meet the needs of walking and talking. When explaining, you should properly grasp your facial expressions, and use necessary gestures to express the tour route and exhibition layout content to guide the audience.
4. What words describe the teacher's teaching style? 1. vivid; Realistic: Described or imitated very realistically.
2. Vivid: Describe the voice and appearance of the characters. Describe a vivid narrative or description.
3. Expressiveness [wěI wěI dòng těng]: It describes being good at talking and making people like listening.
4. punch line Julian: Julian: Beads. Interesting words come and go.
5. Flowing clouds and flowing water [xí ng y ú n liú shu ǐ]: 1. Metaphorically speaking, poetry is pure chic; 2. Metaphor is insignificant.
6. Wonderful [jρng c m 4 I juélún]: Wonderful, wonderful to the extreme.
7. Both sound and emotion are abundant [shēng qíng běng máo]: and: both; Mao: The appearance of lush vegetation is beauty. The timbre, singing and the feelings expressed in singing are very touching.
8. Simple explanation [sh ē n r ù qin ch ū]: refers to a speech or article with profound content, but the language is easy to understand.
9. Follow the trend [Xun Xun shàn yòu]: follow the trend: orderly; Good: good at it; Seduce: guide. Refers to being good at guiding others to learn.
10. Education through fun [yù jiào yú lè]: Integrate education with entertainment, so that people can be educated through entertainment.
5. A good idiom to describe a teacher's lecture is:
First of all, follow the leader.
1. explanation: follow-up: orderly appearance; Good: good at it; Seduce: guide. Refers to being good at guiding others to learn.
2. From: "The Analects of Confucius Zi Han": "The master is good and attractive."
3. example: ~, sir, I can still hold the tube today, sir Li Yiqiang. ◎ Shen Qingfu's "Six Chapters of a Floating Life, Boudoir Songs"
Secondly, instill [zh ū n zh ū n jià o d m: o].
1. explanation: be serious and patient. Teach carefully and patiently.
2. From: The Book of Songs: "Teach me and listen to me."
Example: Father, when you came to us before your death, don't be divorced from the people's nihilism and individualism. ◎ Mao Anqing's "We Love the Red Rhododendron in Shaoshan"
Third, tirelessly teach people.
1. explanation: teaching: teaching. Teach people to be particularly patient and never get tired.
2. From: The Analects of Confucius: "Never tire of learning, never tire of teaching. Why is it for me? "
3. Grammar: subject-predicate type; As predicate, attribute and adverbial; Include praise
Four. Vivid and vivid [Hu Song Husi]
1. Description: It depicts the voice and expression of the characters. Describe a vivid narrative or description.
2. From: Zhu Qingtingzhen's "Xiao Yuan Poetry" Volume 1: "There must be water in the mountains, and songs are true because of color; The service period is ingenious, and the work is wonderful first. "
Example: especially when it comes to her own children, it's really endless. ◎ Chapter 9 of Feng Deying's "Winter jasmine"
5. Unconsciously [qiá n yí m].
1. explanation: lurking: secretly, without trace; Silent: no words, no sound. Refers to the changes in people's thoughts or personalities that are unconsciously infected and influenced.
2. From: Yan Zhitui's "Yan Family Training Mu Xian" in the Northern Qi Dynasty: "Stealing nature."
3. Example: Popular literature should have a function of "~", replacing the dirty and narrow tastes of old books and dramas with pure and broad tastes. ◎ Zhu Ziqing on Popular Literature