Dr Gorden Kaye Bull said that one of the first requirements for future space travelers is the ability to get along with other astronauts. He is an associate professor of aerospace medicine in university of tasmania. His job is to study the dangers and risks faced by human beings in space.

He said that they will need to deal with distance, isolation and "dependence on the earth"-those who are already on the International Space Station can at least see our light blue dots.

Therefore, selection and training will be the key, especially on Mars, where a small group of people will have to get along and work together for several months.

Cable said: "You don't like people who are always oversocial, but you don't like people who are shy, retired and can't make any decisions."

"We need a balanced personality and team spirit.

"I always say ... going to Mars is like being stuck in a caravan with three best friends for three years." If you can overcome all this, you can overcome any difficulties. "

Then there is the physical challenge. Being in microgravity or biased state will affect the work of cardiovascular system and make bones more fragile. Radiation is also a "potential obstacle".

Once humans leave the "protective bunker" of the earth's atmosphere, they enter the universe, which is bathed in cosmic radiation. This will bring cancer risk and reproductive risk.

This means that anyone who boards the starship may only be able to go once. The risk of "career" exposure to radiation is too great.

Cable said that this is just the beginning. Once they come back, they will need to repair "restoring their earth legs".

He said that Australia has an advantage in the journey from the moon to Mars. "We enjoy an international reputation," Cable pointed out, which is due to our experience in extreme environments and our achievements in medical research (including radiation exposure).

To some extent, it is these challenges that make the adventure worthwhile. Knowledge about supporting astronauts will contribute to wider medical care on earth, especially the care of remote and indigenous communities, including the elderly.

For example, researchers are studying biomarkers, such as placing sensors under the skin to detect early dehydration, which is very important for astronauts in extreme environments and people in the daily care of the elderly.

He said: "If there is a wearable monitor that can provide data to a system, the system mainly monitors the supply level and warns of insufficient supply, then the system can make early diagnosis and intervention."

"We have been thinking about the duality between space and the earth and between the earth and space ... and ensuring that there will be continuous derivatives to help people on earth in the future."

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