Here is a brief introduction to the name, sequence and artistic writing of the spectrum.
1, spectral name
With the increase of population, the residential area gradually expands, and the same genealogy records ancient families with different naming methods. For example, in the Qing Dynasty, Jiangxi's "Ningdu Hengtang Gu Liu Family Tree" contains place names, surnames and some revisions; Gu's genealogy of Xin 'antang in Wuhua, Guangdong, indicating the hall number and surname; Tianchi ancient genealogy in Bishan County, Chongqing, East Sichuan, with place names and surnames; Genealogy of the Twenty-five Houses of the Ancient Family, with surnames and ancestors; Eight Chapters of Xin 'an Gu, including county name, surname and several chapters. It can be seen that the spectrum name is generally composed of surname, county name, hall number, place name, several repairs, ancestors and so on.
2. Music order
It has been thousands of years since the birth of the ancient surname Zhao, and the genealogical order before the Tang Dynasty has been forgotten. In the southern genealogy of Pingyang (now Linfen City, Shanxi Province), the ancient cloud in the east of the Tang Dynasty, the ancient genealogy records of Ningdu County, Jiangxi Province, Meixian District, Meizhou City, Guangdong Province and Wuhua County are relatively complete and comprehensive. According to the Preface of the Ancient Genealogy in Wuhua County, it can be seen that the first revision of the ancient genealogy in Guangdong was made by Gu Zongyue, who was then a commander in the temple, in the seventh year of Jiayou (1049- 1062), but the preface of this revision has been lost. In the 14th year of Shaoxing in Song Dynasty (1 144), Gu Ge, Gu Jin and Gong Gu broke up in Meizhou, each of them revised the score and wrote their own preface. It took some time to see the biography of the preface.
Generally, the preface is written by scholars who have gained a certain reputation or a high reputation of their own nation, or social celebrities with foreign surnames, in order to enhance the prestige of the clan and achieve the purpose of glorifying their ancestors. For example, during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, when the genealogy was revised for the third time in Meizhou, Guangdong Province, Fan Siming, who served as the governor of the Fifth Army and later as the magistrate of Chengxiang County, and Liu Dehai, who had worked as a Confucian teacher in Chengxiang County for five years, were asked to write an Introduction to Ancient Genealogy and a Record of Xin 'an Ancient Family. When the book was renewed for the fifth time in the Wanli period, please ask the Chaoyang Renlin in Guangdong as a preface. Lin is a scholar. He was ordered by two prime ministers to study politics in Zhejiang, participated in the revision of Records of Sejong, and served as the deputy envoy of Zhejiang Inspection Department. His preface, narration and concise words have been well received by the world. Although the ancient surname of Ruijin County in Jiangxi Province, which is adjacent to Changting County in Fujian Province, continued in the early Ming Dynasty, it was based on loyalty and cultivation. When the genealogy was updated in the forty-first year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1702), because there were no prominent people in the family, Yang Yi, surnamed Yang in the county, had to bite the bullet and write a preface. Yang Yi is a famous scholar in the county. He was born a scholar. He also served as the Henan examiner of Kangxi Wu Geng Branch. More importantly, because he is a relative of the ancient family, who can be a better candidate if he is not asked to write?
No matter when the genealogy was written, its contents all talked about the origin of surname, the humanistic situation of the family, the migration route, the initiator and the compilation process of the genealogy, which shows that future generations should pay attention to it. "Family genealogy is still the history of the country", and the role of genealogy keeps pace with the history of the country.
3. Artistic writing
Artistic writing is quite common in the genealogy of ancient families. Usually, a book is compiled with the words "artistic writing", such as family background, biography, honor record, praise, clan property, contract, word school, clan rules, family precepts and so on.
Literature and art are more common in printed matter, such as ancient genealogy in Heyuan, Guangdong, Liangping, Chongqing, Xingguo, Jiangxi and Liuyang, Hunan. Moreover, family rules and family instructions are recorded in detail, from which we can see the profound rule of clan rights in the old society.
Of course, family rules are ancestors' admonitions to the younger generation, teaching how to be a man. "Every year in Tomb-Sweeping Day, or on the occasion of home visits, we will preach in detail, so that Chinese people can abide by comity and not violate national laws."
other
The number of years for compiling ancient genealogy is generally 30 years for minor repairs and 60 years for major repairs. Manuscripts are transcribed once a year or every few years.
The versions of genealogy include wood movable type, lithograph, manuscript, letterpress, photocopying and so on. And there are large hanging genealogies (such as Gu's hanging genealogy in Shenxian County).
Wooden movable type and Shi Yinben are more common in Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui and Sichuan provinces. For example, in the 12th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1873), the genealogy of Gu family in Xin 'antang was compiled, and in the 19th year of Guangxu (1893), it was compiled by Longquan in Gu Jiangxi.
Handwritten spectrum is very common in all provinces of China. For example, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the descendants of manuscripts copied and continued the ancient genealogy in Guangxi and County; In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), Gu Shuoyuan, a native of Nanhai, Guangdong Province, continued the ancient genealogy; It was recorded by Gu Lizhong, a native of Yichuan, Shaanxi Province, in the 12th year of Tongzhi (1873).
With the advent of photocopiers, photocopying genealogy came into being, and libraries and individual collectors abound. For example, the book of drawing ancient genealogy and Xin 'antang ancient genealogy collected by Utah genealogy library in the United States.
As for the printed version, the genealogy of the Gu family in Meizhou, Guangdong Province, and the genealogy of the Gu family in Taiwan Province, published annually in the Republic of China 15 (1926), and published annually in 1956. Lead seal is the most common genealogy published in contemporary times.