1, folding
This is the first process of binding. No matter what binding method is adopted, it must be folded before the next process can be carried out. The so-called folding is to fold the printed pages into the desired format according to the size of the book layout. The size of printed pages and the format of books and periodicals are different, and the number of folds is also different. For example, when the printed pages are completely open and the folio of books and periodicals is 16, it needs to be folded four times on the folding machine, while when the pages are folio, it only needs to be folded three times to become an open book of 16. On the folding machine, the number of folds is limited. If the printed page is fully open, the folio is 64, which requires 6 fold, while the general folding machine has a maximum of 5 fold. At this time, it is necessary to cut the printed page in half and fold it (the method of printing the upper version is also different). The common folio is folio, which adopts the method of continuous folding, that is, folding from the vertical line in the center of the long side of the printed page at a time. When binding double copies, fold them on the vertical line at the center of the short side for the last time. Horizontal folio (that is, the book is bound on the short side of the book, and the folding page of the book needs to be folded from the central vertical line of the short side in the penultimate folding, and still folded from the central line of the long side in the last time. There are various folding methods when the layout is deformed. In addition to the above methods, parallel grabbing, parallel folding and other methods should be adopted. Now all kinds of commonly used folding methods.
2, with pages
Matching the pages of a book in page number order is called page matching (also called page matching >); )。 Mechanical page matching is often used now. The efficiency of the proofreader is about 60~ 150 copies per minute. The matching book post has a black square mark on the back of the book, which is called folding mark, to check whether the book post is wrong. The position of the folding label is different for each position. When the book labels are arranged correctly, the folded labels are arranged in a trapezoidal manner. If one or more stickers are missing, it is easy to see with your eyes, which can prevent binding errors.
That is, according to the correct arrangement, the folded labels are arranged in trapezoidal order to prevent binding errors.
Step 3 lock the thread
Is to connect the books and posts together with a thread. There are two kinds of thread locking: manual thread locking and machine thread locking. There are two kinds of sewing machines: manual sewing and automatic sewing. Even with automatic sewing machines, it is difficult to greatly improve efficiency. So some books are glued.
4, compaction brush glue
The book block after sewing is very loose and needs a layer of gauze. At this point, the processing of the book block is completed. Some hardcover books have to be added with ribbons, rounded corners and dyed.
5. Cover making
The cover of hardcover books is mostly hard shell, so it is also called cover. It is made of various packaging materials mounted on cardboard. Commonly used binding materials are textiles, lacquered paper, lacquered cloth and various linings. Books have different grades, materials and production methods. High-grade books cover all high-quality fabrics, middle-grade books cover all middle-grade fabrics, and low-grade books can cover all lower-priced fabrics or half-pack better fabrics. The so-called full package means that the front cover, back cover and back cover of the cover are all wrapped with cloth, while the half package is only wrapped with cloth on the back and corners of the book, and the other parts are pasted with paper. The cover of this half bag also has a paper back. The quality of cardboard is also divided into different grades. Good cardboard is strong and flat, the cover of the book is flat, and the wood is easy to become warped.
6. When manufacturing a sealed housing
First, according to the size of the book, cut the cardboard (the envelope of the hardcover book is 3mm larger than the incision, which is called the floating mouth, and the size of the cardboard should be added with the floating mouth), and then stick the fabric on the cardboard. When mounting, leave a certain distance between the front cover and the back cover according to the thickness of the back of the book. The words on the cover of hardcover books are mostly used for hot stamping, embossing and screen printing. Sometimes various decorative patterns are pressed out by embossing. There are two processes for making seals: manual and mechanical. Most high-end books are mounted by hand.
Step 7 put the lid on
The way to cover hardcover is to put a piece of paper with good toughness. Fold it from the middle, stick it on the book block and stick it on the cover lining. In order to make the cover and book block firmly connected, it is necessary to stick the book block and cover together with gauze or several pieces of cloth. Generally, when the cover is closed, Guangzhou Printing Factory will press a groove on the spine of the book, which will make the book more solid and increase its beauty.
8, flattening
After the bound books are stacked neatly, they should be flattened to make them smoother, and finally they can be packed and shipped.
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