1937165438+1October 5, Hitler announced at a secret meeting: "Our primary goal must be to seize Czechoslovakia and Austria at the same time." 1938 In March, the Germans entered Vienna and forcibly annexed Austria. Subsequently, Nazi Germany began to fully implement its aggressive plan to seize Czechoslovakia.
1939 At the beginning of May, the Czech government took decisive measures in Sudetenland to quell the rebellion of the Germanic Party in Sudetenland. On May 20th, Germany assembled troops on the German-Czech border in the name of protecting the German army in the Soviet Union, Taiwan and Germany. The Czech government is not afraid of violence, but has carried out local mobilization and mobilized troops in tit-for-tat manner, determined to defend national independence and territorial integrity.
Because the Czech government is determined to resist aggression, France, the former Soviet Union, Britain and other big countries have also expressed their support for Czechoslovakia, forcing Hitler to make concessions. Hitler hypocritically declared that Germany had no intention of invading Czechoslovakia and instructed Hanlein to resume negotiations with the Czech government. But at the same time, he ordered the green plan to invade Czechoslovakia to continue, and asked the military to complete the invasion preparation before 1939 10.
1938 September 15 At 5: 00 in the morning, 69-year-old Chamberlain, who never wanted to fly all his life, got up the courage to board a plane to Germany and landed at Munich Airport after flying for seven hours. After that, he got on a convertible and went to the railway station. It took another three hours by train to reach "Ying Chao" in the mountains. At this point, it is already 4: 30 in the afternoon. Exhausted Chamberlain was taken to Hitler's study, where the talks were held. Like giving lectures to his subordinates, Hitler talked a lot during the talks, boasting about his contribution to the German people, peace in Europe and friendship between Britain and Germany, and shouted savagely that he was determined to bring 3 million Germans from the Sudetenland back to Germany and would not hesitate to meet any war, even a world war. Finally, he told Chamberlain that if Britain agreed to cede Sudetenland, there might be a glimmer of hope for peace. Chamberlain, who only wanted to avoid war, immediately said that he was not opposed to Germany's request, but he still needed to go back and get approval from the cabinet.
On September 17, Chamberlain held a cabinet meeting in London. He boasted that when he went to Germany, the situation was already tense. If he hadn't gone, the war might have broken out. He told his cabinet colleagues that Hitler's demands were very limited and suggested that Britain agree to his demands. The cabinet accepted Chamberlain's suggestion. The next day, Daladier flew to London, and Britain and France reached an agreement.
/kloc-at noon in September, 2009, Britain and France formally sent a note to the Czech government, asking it to agree to hand over the Sudetenland to Germany in order to maintain peace in Europe, and asking the Czech government to give a reply within three days. On the 20th, the Czechoslovak government decided to reject this proposal, and pointed out that if the Sudetenland was ceded, the whole Czechoslovakia would be under the complete control of Germany. It also asked France to pay attention to its treaty obligations.
On September 22nd, the cheerful Chamberlain flew to Germany again and met Hitler at the Drayson Hotel in Gothenburg. Chamberlain thought that the news that the Czech government agreed to hand over Sudetenland would make Hitler extremely happy. Unexpectedly, Hitler said with a straight face: "Because of the development of the situation these days, this plan is meaningless." To Chamberlain's surprise, Hitler proposed that the whole Sudetenland must be occupied by Germany immediately, not later than 10+0. Chamberlain begged again and again, but Hitler remained indifferent and said that he would never give in. The talks lasted until the early morning of 24th 1: 30, but Chamberlain made a concession. He agreed to discuss Germany's new demands with the French and tried his best to persuade Czechoslovakia to accept them. Only then did a smile appear on Hitler's gloomy face. He told Chamberlain softly, "This is my last territorial claim in Europe." On September 24th, the exhausted Chamberlain returned to London.
On September 25th, the Czech government flatly rejected Germany's new demands and announced the general mobilization. The former Soviet Union declared its support for Czechoslovakia and assembled troops on the western border. Britain and France also said that if Germany invaded Czechoslovakia, they would help Czechoslovakia, and they also started military mobilization.
On September 29th, 12: 45, the Munich conference was held in Koenigs Square in the Yuan Dynasty. Hitler, Mussolini, Chamberlain and Daladier attended the meeting. After Hitler and Chamberlain spoke, Italian fascist leader Mussolini spoke for the third time. He took out a clear written proposal and asked it to be the basis for discussion at the meeting. In fact, on this morning, the Germans told the Italians their plan, and Mussolini translated it into Italian and brought it to the meeting, falsely claiming that it was an Italian plan.
Britain and France immediately accepted Italy's proposal, and in the ensuing hours of discussion, in fact, no changes were made to the plan. On September 30th 1: 30, Hitler, Chamberlain, Mussolini and Daladier signed the agreement successively. This is the infamous Munich Agreement.