The Opinions on Strengthening the Popularization of Science and Technology issued by the Central Committee and the State Council clearly stated: "The popularization of science and technology is an important symbol of the national scientific and cultural quality, which is related to the overall situation of economic revitalization, scientific and technological progress and social development." "We should strive to give full play to the role of education as the main channel in popular science work, provide various forms and channels of popular science activities for young people in combination with the reform of primary and secondary education, cultivate their thinking ability, practical ability and creative ability, and help them establish a correct scientific outlook, outlook on life and world outlook." Popularizing science and technology education in primary and secondary schools in China from three aspects: scientific knowledge, scientific methods and scientific ideas is not only an important national quality-building project, but also an urgent requirement for deepening education reform and comprehensively promoting quality education, which has far-reaching historical and practical significance. However, due to the long-term constraints of "exam-oriented education", popular science education in primary and secondary schools in China, especially in rural areas, has not played its due role. The primary and middle school students in our country have a heavy academic burden and great test pressure, and generally have the disadvantages of poor scientific literacy and weak technical ability, creative ability and practical ability. Compared with developed countries, primary and middle school students in China know little about the important new progress of modern science, let alone the process and methods of scientific research, and have insufficient understanding of how modern science and technology can promote social development. Therefore, they lack the necessary ability to identify superstitious and ignorant anti-science and pseudo-science activities around them; There is a lack of effective resistance to those phenomena that erode and fool the broad masses and corrode the younger generation. The traditional single school education mode lacks practical educational means and educational environment in how to cultivate students' scientific spirit, attitude and methods. Most school teachers and parents regard popular science education as "heterogeneous" and even oppose students' participation in such activities, so popular science education cannot enter the main position of classroom teaching. How to find a way to combine the main channel of classroom teaching with the implementation of popular science education for students, and mobilize the majority of primary and secondary school educators to consciously participate in popular science education; At the same time, we should make effective use of all kinds of educational resources inside and outside the school, organically combine curriculum teaching, internet, mass media, science and technology museums and other educational means, and organically combine universities, primary and secondary school teachers, parents of students, scientific and technological circles and all walks of life to form a joint force of popular science education. This is a brand-new task before us. To promote popular science education in primary and secondary schools on a large scale, it is necessary to break through the traditional educational concept, and gradually form a diversified and diversified new way of popular science education suitable for China's national conditions on the basis of careful investigation, local experiments, summing up results and classified promotion, according to the characteristics of urban and rural areas and the level of socio-economic and cultural development. In other words, innovation in methods will be the key to the large-scale implementation of popular science education. In rural primary and secondary schools, especially in areas like Dongguan Town where the strength of popular science education is strong, it is necessary to promote popular science education on a large scale in the field of education and teaching, and gradually seek new educational methods. In this regard, I have made some explorations and put them forward for discussion. I think the reform and innovation of popular science education in primary and secondary schools can mainly start from the following aspects: 1. The integration of social popular science education and school popular science education is helpful to solve some problems existing in current school education, such as students' low interest in learning natural science courses, monotonous teaching methods of teachers, limitations of teaching materials and so on. This requires that the relevant design schemes and materials of popular science projects can be used by primary and secondary school teachers. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the traditional school education practice of simply imparting limited knowledge; Realize classroom teaching as the main position, greatly improve students' scientific knowledge, scientific methods and scientific thinking level, and cultivate the scientific literacy of primary and secondary school students of different levels and ages. To study the channels and ways for scientific literacy education to enter formal education in schools, and organize the development experiments of local textbooks and school-based textbooks for popular science education in schools. We should also encourage popular science project institutions to hire primary and secondary school teachers to participate in project development, serve as members of the project advisory group, and compile school materials for popular science projects. Many popular science projects can greatly enrich science education in schools. For example, scientists and researchers go to primary and secondary schools to carry out activities to support science education in primary and secondary schools; Zhu Kezhen Middle School has set up a rural popular science experimental park outside the school, and carried out popular science education for students in combination with the actual situation. 2. The combination of popular science education and basic education curriculum should be the content basis of the current major reform of basic education. To reflect that science and technology have penetrated into our lives and run through the whole learning process of primary and secondary schools, students are required to adopt the methods of experiment and personal experience, and the depth will increase with the grades from kindergarten to junior high school. For example, scientific literacy education should enter the formal education system. Science and technology should be an important part of the core curriculum from primary school to high school. Therefore, under the guidance of synergetics theory, we should explore how to build an open school science education system. Namely: keep track of the latest scientific trends and update the educational content of science courses in real time; Science and technology workers participate in popular science education in schools, and teachers and students in schools are exposed to scientific research practice; The interaction between teachers and students and researchers, the combination of curriculum teaching and social science resource education; Organization mechanism of coordinated development of popular science education among schools, families and society. In practical teaching, there are many methods. For example, each class can be required to achieve four "ones": publish a popular science propaganda blackboard newspaper, hold a scientific and technological information conference, arrange a scientific and technological corner, and listen to a popular science lecture; Each student is required to achieve a number of "ones": watch a popular science video, read a popular science book, make a popular science work, read a scientist's resume and ask some questions about science. 3. The combination of scientific and technological personnel participating in popular science education in schools Now, scientific researchers can use the latest scientific and technological achievements to develop novel and inspiring scientific textbooks and teaching methods for school teachers to use, help middle school students to carry out research activities by using what they have learned, establish the concept of active learning and cooperative research, and provide students with "real" research topics. At the same time, other activities should be organized in cooperation with local scientists. For example, scientists with rich practical experience can be organized to go to primary and secondary schools to carry out various scientific and technological activities with teachers and students; Arrange teachers to practice in scientific research institutions; Hold several school popular science festivals and student seminars; Establish a "scientist-school-off-campus popular science experimental base" network. At the same time, it is necessary to combine the educational reform experiment with the purpose of improving students' scientific and technological literacy in a large area, mobilize scientific and technological personnel to participate consciously, organically combine the routine scientific research activities of scientific and technological personnel with popular science education, and better carry out popular science education. 4. Using information technology to promote popular science education. When information technology is introduced into schools and applied to teaching, it will gradually change the traditional teaching methods of teachers teaching and students listening, the role of teachers as knowledge imparting will gradually fade, and students will learn more independently. In this case, all kinds of popular science education resources developed by government research institutions, scientific and technological organizations and universities can easily enter schools with the help of the Internet, and the contents and methods of students' scientific learning will become more popular. Now we have brought computational science into middle school science education, which provides the necessary conditions for using information technology to promote popular science education. For example, several students can form a study group, and they can log on to the Internet for scientific inquiry. Let students use computers to design and study scientific projects by themselves; Helping students design their own imaginary computer works can not only greatly improve their interest in scientific work, but also cultivate their ability to think and solve problems independently. Taking the opportunity of popularizing information technology education in primary and secondary schools by the Ministry of Education, we should explore how to use the "school-to-school communication" education network, organize teachers to develop and integrate network popular science education resources, and organize students to conduct "research learning" or "inquiry learning" experiments on popular science education resources. Under the new situation of network teaching, this paper studies how to help students use what they have learned to carry out appropriate scientific research activities, establish the concept of active learning and cooperative research, and promote the development of scientific learning content and methods in a more popular direction. 5. Combining all kinds of popular science resources with school education, organizing all kinds of popular science resources in society and making them enter the teaching process of primary and secondary schools is a way worth learning in popular science education. Schools can use all kinds of popular science resources in society to carry out various forms of popular science education, such as: TV popular science programs for teenagers and ordinary audiences; Movies with scientific themes; Various exhibitions or educational activities held in science museums, natural history museums, science and technology centers, aquariums, nature centers, botanical gardens, zoos and libraries; Scientific education activities in towns and youth centers. It can also be widely developed through mass media, such as the Internet, traditional books, periodicals, movies, electronic publications, popular science museums and large-scale popular science publicity activities, so as to give full play to the role of popular science resources in society. According to the rural reality, we should explore ways to implement classified popular science education in different schools in rural areas. Combined with rural education reform, this paper discusses how to organically combine the dissemination of popular science knowledge with the training of practical technology to improve the scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurial ability of rural teenagers. This paper studies the dynamic mechanism of realizing popular science education in rural areas, how to make science and technology enter thousands of households through popular science education for rural students, and the new ways and methods to cultivate leaders who are rich in science and technology in rural areas. This paper focuses on how to carry out popular science education in rural areas to meet local needs, how to improve the resistance of primary and secondary school students to feudal superstitions, and how to help them establish a correct view of science, life and world. In short, to carry out popular science education in rural primary and secondary schools, it is necessary to break through the single classroom teaching mode, so that students can feel and learn scientific knowledge in various environments and cultivate scientific literacy; It is also necessary to pay more attention to letting popular science education enter the main channel of primary and secondary education, broaden the implementation channels of students' popular science education, and initially form a variety of ways for schools, scientific and technological circles and all walks of life to jointly implement popular science education on a large scale. These methods will certainly play a certain role in popular science education in rural primary and secondary schools.