Zhangbi Castle in Shanxi

Zhangbi Castle, located in Zhangbi Village, Longfeng Township, southeast of Jiexiu City 10 km, is backed by Mianshan Mountain, facing the green field, with an altitude of 1040 m, Rutaceae 1300 m and an area of about120,000 square meters. The whole castle is built along the plateau, high in the south and low in the north. Looking down from the north of the fort, there is a deep ditch extending downward on the left, middle and right.

There are three outward passages in the south of the fort, and the west of the fort is a kiln bend ditch with steep cliffs and tens of feet deep. The east of the fort is condescending and the ditches are blocked, which can be described as "easy to defend but difficult to attack, and there is a retreat." The wall of the fort is rammed with soil, and the height is about 10 meter. The fortress has north and south gates and a 300-meter-long street in the middle. There are three alleys in the east and four alleys in the west, extending upward from the middle of the street. There is an urn at the North Fort Gate, a stone gate at the South Fort Gate and a gatehouse at the Fort Gate. There are elegant shops and antique houses on both sides of the street; Several temples are covered with glazed roofs, resplendent and magnificent, dotted in the castle; There are also willow pagodas and rare glass pieces. Places of interest are everywhere, antique.

Zhangbi Castle was built in 6 19 A.D., which was built by Liu Wuzhou at the end of Sui Dynasty to fight against Li Shimin. A tunnel with both offensive and defensive functions was built under the castle, which can station thousands of troops and has a history of more than 1380 years.

Zhangbi ancient castle is rectangular, with a length of 374 meters from east to west and 244 meters from north to south, and a circumference of 1. 1km. The castle wall is made of plates and compacted, with a height of about 5~7 meters. The northeast corner of the castle wall is a relic of the Tang Dynasty. The fortress wall on the west side of Nanbaomen is the fortress wall in Ming and Qing Dynasties. There is a light pole on the door, which is the signal light of "lighting the city wall and stopping to see the light" and the epitome of ancient military beacon towers.

The south gate of Zhangbi Castle is a hollow "faucet" with a stone carving of a faucet at the door. Under the gate, nine vertical red stone slab roads are laid to the south to symbolize the dragon beard, and the main road to the north is the "dragon body": in order to make the shape of the dragon more realistic, in the Qing Dynasty, the horizontally laid blue stone slab was specially lifted out and changed into three vertical red stone slab roads to symbolize the dragon's back. On both sides of the main road are the pond (original) in the north of the city, Huai Liu Bao, two kidneys symbolizing "dragon" and the fish of yin and yang in Chen Tuan Taiji.

There is a small "urn city" against the enemy, a pair of small bell towers and drum towers on the wall, which has a complete urban form. This is a very important feature that is different from the well-preserved "village fort" that is common in other parts of Shanxi Province. It is not a "village castle" in the general sense, but a "city".

In the organization of urban streets and lanes, Zhangbi Castle has clear priorities, and the north-south main road, East Third Lane and West Fourth Lane form a "D" structure. The seven lanes in the fort are Xichang Lane, Jiajia Lane, Wang Jiaxiang Lane, Xiaodong Lane and Xisi Lane, and the streets and lanes are orderly.

In the form of folk houses, Zhangbi Castle still retains the "Li Fang" left by Sui and Tang Dynasties, which is where most ancient cities in China have disappeared. Alley doors and guard rooms are properly equipped. If the door is locked, it can be said that there is a castle in the castle. There are more than 30 well-preserved courtyards in the fort. Houses are adjacent to each other, orderly, and keep a certain distance from the castle wall. The doors and alleys of the house are stepped in height, spacious and sunny. Xisi Lane is mostly rich children of Zhang, Wang, Jia, Jin and other ethnic groups. The lintels, bricks, wood carvings and stone carvings are exquisite, and most of them are auspicious folk customs that people like to see, such as rolling hydrangeas, climbing plums and rejuvenating cranes and deer.

In terms of religious architecture, it is rare for a small town with only 0. 1 square kilometer to have more than seven temples: Guandi Temple, Taoist Zhenwu Temple and Erlang Temple; There are five Buddhist religious buildings, namely, the Buddha Hall of the Empty King and Xinglong Temple, as well as the Buddha Hall of the Earth Treasure King and the site of Lvzu Pavilion. Religious buildings are relatively old, mostly before the Ming Dynasty. What is even more rare is that Zhenwu Temple and Confucius Temple Monument are only seen in China and have extremely high artistic value.

The Palace of the Empty King at the North Gate of the Old Castle was built in the Ming Dynasty. The Buddha statue is the third, and it was also molded in the Ming Dynasty. The mural shows the story of the Buddha (Zhi Chao) becoming a Buddha. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the three colored glazed tails, pavilions, lion bottles, immortals and animals on the roofs of these three small halls were all exquisite. Especially rare are two glazed stone tablets on both sides of the main hall and corridor (fired in the 41st year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), which are extremely rare and occupy an important position in glazed pottery in China.

second

Wuzhen Zhejiang

Wuzhen, located in Tongxiang City, northern Zhejiang Province, China, is one of the six ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River. It is an ancient town in the south of the Yangtze River with a history of 1300 years, one of the first ten famous historical and cultural towns in China, and one of the most attractive towns in China. The cover of Wuzhen-China Jiangnan.

Wuzhen, Zhejiang Province has completely preserved the original style and pattern of the ancient water town. The four old streets are crossed, forming a double chessboard pattern with water and land adjacent and river streets parallel. There are a lot of Ming and Qing buildings. The whole town is connected by the river, and the houses built by the river, deep houses, high ridges and high eaves, Langfang, street arcades, bamboo railings and waterside pavilions are simple and clean, showing an ancient and quiet style. It is a typical "small bridge, flowing water, family" stone path, ancient wooden house and ancient town in Jiangnan. Unique folk customs, original ecological natural scenery, history and culture accumulated for thousands of years, and endless humanistic spirit.

Main attractions in Wuzhen: Mao Dun's former residence, Prince Zhaoming's reading room, General Wu's Temple, Huiyuan Pawnshop, Xiuzhenguan Stage, Linjiapu, ancient Ginkgo biloba in Tang Dynasty, Brick Bay and Shuangqiao. The veranda shed built on the river in Wuzhen is a typical building in the ancient town, full of the charm of water town.

Colorful folk customs, simple and beautiful water scenery, bearing thousands of years of history and culture. The profound cultural accumulation and unchanging lifestyle make Wuzhen a living fossil of ancient oriental civilization. The inheritance of wisdom is accompanied by the book fragrance, which shows a fascinating historical picture here. This is an innate beauty.

Zhejiang Wuzhen in 199 1 was rated as a provincial historical and cultural city, and Wuzhen Scenic Area was rated as a national AAAA-level tourist attraction, which is one of the 20 national Golden Week forecast tourist attractions.

third place

Yunnan Heshun

Brief introduction of Heshun

Heshun Township is located 3 kilometers west of Tengchong County. Heshun's name comes from the poem "Clouds open and auspicious, calm". Since ancient times, it has been a place with developed culture and outstanding people.

She is culturally tactful. Harmony is a window for the collision between Central Plains culture and South Asia culture, Southeast Asia culture and Western culture, which contains the best state of "harmony and fluency". Here stands the rural library with the largest collection of books in China; There are more than 1000 traditional houses here, including more than 100 houses in Qing dynasty, which is a classic and known as the living fossil of ancient buildings in China.

Heshun can appreciate the charm of Huizhou architecture with white walls and tiles, the beautiful image of small bridges and flowing water in Jiangnan ancient town, and the elements of western architecture and South Asian architecture. The South Asian-style gate of Shi Cun Ancestral Temple, the European-style window of Ai Siqi's former residence, and the English wrought iron of the "Qu Lou" residence all complement the Yunnan ancient residence with four entrances and five patios, three rooms and one wall.

Ancient buildings such as laundry kiosks, large platforms and general gates are unique among ancient towns in China. The eight ancestral halls are well preserved, and the genealogy and clan activities have been passed down to this day. There are seven temples where Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism coexist. All the roads and wall-based courtyards here are made of volcanic rocks, which are simple and elegant. The 600-year history has gathered a large number of poems, plaques, couplets and works, with rich cultural accumulation, which has nurtured a number of famous businessmen such as Yin Rong, a famous Buddhist teacher in Ai Siqi and Myanmar, Zhang Baoting, the Jade Emperor, and Cun Rudong, an overseas Chinese leader. From ancient times to the present, it is humble and polite, simple and elegant, and the "three drops of water" and "heart" of local flavor food are unique.

Heshun, hometown of overseas Chinese

She is the hometown of overseas Chinese and Shun. Heshun is the first hometown of overseas Chinese in Yunnan. Historically, Heshun people rushed caravans from the mountains along the ancient Silk Road in the southwest. Up to now, more than 10,000 people have lived overseas, forming an "overseas Heshun".

Ecological Heshun

She is an environmentalist. Heshun is surrounded by volcanoes, and the famous trees on the mountain are lush and the waves are intermittent; The winding Daying River is embedded in the vast rice waves and yellow flowers, quiet and dazzling; Around the village, the water is clear, the fish is shallow, and the river is ancient Ruyan Liu; Wetlands, Longtan, canyons, egrets, wild ducks, old cows, plum blossoms, camellias, rice flowers, live a quiet paradise.

Harmonious Heshun

She is harmonious and fluent. 6,000 residents are the inheritors and creators of Heshun culture, and their life is the beautiful scenery of the ancient town-village women smash clothes under the laundry booth, which makes people rediscover the long-lost quaint picture; The touching scene of farmers concentrating on reading newspapers in rural libraries is both history and future; Pastoral life is fascinating and intoxicated for a long time.

Heshun jinmao

After great changes, Heshun people miraculously preserved ancient buildings and cultural relics with their extraordinary wisdom. After the reform and opening up, Heshun takes culture as its soul and protection as its foundation, and develops cultural tourism with its unique architectural style, rich cultural heritage and beautiful rural scenery. It has become a famous tourist destination in Yunnan and has embarked on the road of sustainable development. It is the most important demonstration site of cultural and ecological villages in Yunnan Province. In 2003, Heshun was jointly recommended by chinese national geography and Fashion Travel as one of the "50 places to visit in my life".

fourth

Inner Mongolia ventricular guard

Blue sky, green water, birch forest, mysterious agate grassland and urgent river water have nurtured the most beautiful wetlands in Asia and the hardworking people here. A great Mongolian nation rises from the fertile river beach, and the warm wooden houses are the breeding grounds of Chinese and Russian descendants. The wisdom of yellow-skinned men and the enthusiasm of blue-eyed women have created a model of multi-ethnic harmony in China-Shiwei.

Nanxun no.5

Nanxun District, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province is located at the junction of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai provinces, bordering Taihu Lake in the north and Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province in the east. Located in the center of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, Huzhou is the bridgehead connecting Shanghai. Excellent geographical location and convenient transportation. It is about100km away from Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou and other big cities. National Highway 3 18, Hu Yan Highway, Beijing-Hangzhou Canal and Changhu Shen Waterway run through the whole territory. It covers an area of 7 16 square kilometers, governs 9 towns, 1 provincial economic development zones, and has a population of 510.4 million.

Nanxun has a profound cultural heritage. As early as the Southern Song Dynasty, it was already "rich in agriculture and mulberry, and right in Zhejiang". At that time, the native product of Nanxun, Geely Silk, accounted for more than half of the country's raw silk exports. Nanxun became the birthplace of modern China silk industry and one of the earliest areas where national industries sprouted. Therefore, there is also a saying that "four elephants, eight cows and seventy-two golden dogs". Folk proverbs call it "Nanxun Town, up to half of Suzhou" and "Huzhou City, not half of Nanxun".

Sixth

Xidi hong cun, Anhui Province

Xidi is located 8 kilometers east of Huizhou (yi county, Huangshan City, Anhui Province) in the south of Anhui Province. It was built during the reign of the Emperor in the Northern Song Dynasty and has a history of nearly a thousand years. Yi county originally belonged to ancient Huizhou, and Xidi was located in the west of Huizhou Prefecture, so it was named after setting up a post station "Dipu". Hongcun is located at the north of Yixian County 10 km. Founded in the first year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty. The Wangs have built buildings and dams here to draw water into the village for more than 800 years.

Xidi ancient buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties are typical representatives of the architectural art of China National Emblem School. 120 The Ming and Qing palaces have been well preserved so far. Xidi has the ecological environment and customs of the "Xanadu" created by Tao Yuanming in The Peach Blossom Garden, and the village is known as "a family in the Peach Blossom Garden".

Xidi is famous for its long and splendid traditional culture, superb Huizhou folk houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties, simple and pure folk customs, superb and exquisite Huizhou wood carving, brick carving and stone carving. The most distinctive houses are Dafudi, Yingfutang, Dunrentang, Xiyuan and Ruiyuting. "Hu Pailou", also known as "Xidi Pailou", is a masterpiece of Huizhou Shifang in Ming Dynasty and a symbol of Xidi Pailou. Xidi Village has outstanding people and cultivated a number of national pillars and Confucian businessmen, such as the prime minister Hu in Ming Dynasty, the second-class official Hu Shangxian in Qing Dynasty, and the wealthy businessman Hu Guansan.

Xidi is praised by experts and scholars as "the epitome of China traditional culture" and "China Ming and Qing Folk House Museum".

Hongcun is an ancient water system building village, which looks like an ox and is surrounded by mountains and rivers. More than 100 waterfront houses built around the water system are well preserved, simple and elegant, and have their own characteristics. Moon Bay is shaped like "tripe" and South Lake is shaped like "tripe". The water is clear and sweet, and the twists and turns of the water are like "cow intestines" and have been admitted to the hospital. People wash vegetables and clothes in the pond, which is a unique living landscape in Hongcun.

The Niuxing Village of Hongcun ancient water system is called "a must in China" and the bionics is the first. Chengzhitang is a folk house with the reputation of "Forbidden City" in Qing Dynasty and a representative building of Hongcun ancient village. Wonderful woodcarvings such as Hundred Immortals Over the Lantern Festival and Tang Suzong Banquet Official, and the stone carving "Four Happy Pictures" with leaking windows are absolutely beautiful. I.M. Pei, a world-renowned architect, once praised: "The architectural remains of Hongcun in yi county are national treasures".

Hongcun has the reputation of "village in Chinese painting". The old walls of ancient houses and the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains are highly praised by Chinese and foreign tourists, film and television, art and photography artists.

In Xidi and Hongcun, high walls at the horse's head, leaking windows and doorways in stone carvings are common scenes; Every household has the custom of hanging calligraphy and painting, couplets, mirrors, clocks and bottles in the hall of the house. Xidi also has the folk custom of "throwing colored balls and choosing a good family".

Seventh place

Fujian taining

Dajin Lake Geopark is dominated by Danxia landform landscape, with granite landform landscape and humanistic landscape dotted in it. Spatial distribution of Danxia landform: it starts from Tiancheng Rock in longhu town in the north, passes through Shangqing Stream and Taining Chengguan to Dushu Mountain and Jiziding in the southwest, and then reaches Maoershan, Longwangyan and Baxianya (Daya Ding) to Longan Township in the south. There are four red basins in turn: Shangqing Stream, Jinhu, Longwangyan and Baxianyan. On the plane, it is approximately herringbone-shaped, with a length of 34 kilometers in the northeast and 29 kilometers in the north and south, with a total area of 215.2km2. Generally, the terrain gradually rises from northeast to southwest, with Jiziding, Longwangyan and Daya Top as the highest landforms in Dajin Lake, and Baxianya (Daya Top) as the highest peak, with an altitude of 907.6m There is granite landform in the southwest and middle of Danxia landform.

No.8

Hinggan, Guangxi

It connects the throat of Xiangjiang River and rewrites the magical land of China history twice. Aringqu achieved the great cause of China's reunification, and also showed the wisdom of our ancestors. The steep army guarding the steep gate implanted the fierce customs of Qin between Chu and Yue, so the people here are also both rigid and flexible. The ancient trees are towering, the ancient fragrance is deep, the water streets are clear, and the canals are exquisite. Xing 'an is a beautiful place and two major water systems in Zhong Ling.

More than 2000 years ago, Qin Shihuang unified China, and dug an artificial canal with great military value and scientific level in Xing 'an, connecting the Yangtze River and the Pearl River system, and connecting the Xiangjiang River and the Lijiang River. Together with Dujiangyan in Sichuan and Zheng Guoqu in Shaanxi, it is called the three major water conservancy projects in the Qin Dynasty. Xing 'an Town is also the location of Xiangjiang Campaign of the Red Army and Kuomintang Army, and it is the turning point of the Red Army's Long March.

Ninth place

General situation of shiwan

Shiwan, a bright pearl in the Pearl River Delta, has a long history and outstanding people. As early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, the culture and agricultural economy here were quite developed. Shiwan is called "Taodou in the South of China". Ceramic production began in Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty and flourished in Ming and Qing Dynasties. "Comprehensive Poetry of Ming Dynasty" contains: "Shiwan tile is the best in the world", which generally reflects the situation of Shiwan ceramic production at that time.

In the Qing Dynasty, the ceramic industry in Shiwan entered its heyday. There are 107 ceramics in a town a few kilometers away from Fiona Fang, and there are more than 60,000 employees in the ceramic industry. It is engaged in producing a large number of daily-use ceramics and producing ceramic tiles, architectural decorative parts, ceramic fairy statues, garden supplies, outdoor furnishings, stationery, artistic figures, flowers, birds, insects and fish and other fine ceramics with unique styles. It not only manages the vast market of many provinces and regions in South China in China. Moreover, through the Maritime Silk Road, it was exported to Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States, and became a ceramic production and sales base with developed production technology and commodity economy at that time. At that time, Foshan, together with Hankou in Hubei, Jingdezhen in Jiangxi and Zhu Xian in Henan, was called the four famous towns in China, and was listed as one of the "four gatherings" of the national commodity distribution center, which made its own contribution to promoting historical and economic development. Today, Shiwan has become one of the largest ceramic producing areas in China.

Shiwan pottery is vivid and vivid, and its products are devoted to the shaping of artistic typicality, regardless of the depiction of figures, animals or utensils. Every work has distinct personality characteristics. Another feature of Shiwan pottery sculpture is that the fetal glaze is rich and simple. It has the characteristics of simple and heavy tire wall thickness and glaze layer thickness. There are many kinds of famous glazes in Shiwan, which have high appreciation value and scientific achievements and enjoy a high reputation in China. Because the shape and glaze color cooperate with each other, the artistic realm of the product is profound and intriguing. Colorful technology is the third feature of Shiwan pottery sculpture. In the molding process of pottery and plastic products, the traditional process of drum molding returning fingerprints and hollowing out the original works is still retained. At the same time, according to the different requirements of popular products, modern grouting molding technology is properly adopted, which not only retains the traditional manual characteristics, but also meets the requirements of mass production.

Shiwan doll is famous at home and abroad for its unique production and expression techniques, and its works have both form and spirit. It has become a wonderful work of China craft, loved and appreciated by people at home and abroad, and collected by many internationally renowned collectors and museums. Art Ceramics Factory Co., Ltd. within its jurisdiction has become a leader in the field of craft ceramics, always representing the highest level of the industry, and has received visits from many heads of state, leaders and a large number of international friends.

The tile ridge, a world-famous glazed figure in Shiwan, has become an important decorative part of many ancient buildings, and it has been used in ancient buildings in Foshan ancestral temple, Xujiangzu temple, Guangzhou Chenjia temple, Lantau Island in Hong Kong, Vietnam, Myanmar, Thailand, Singapore and other Southeast Asian countries. Products are exported to Europe and America and other countries. Shiwan has a profound ceramic culture accumulated for thousands of years, and there are many ceramic cultural tourism resources. Beiqiu, Nanfeng Ancient Stove, Shitao Temple, Fengning Temple and Art Ceramics Factory have been on fire for 500 years. The successful holding of large-scale activities such as "Contemporary Ceramic Artists March towards the Millennium Burning in the New Century" and "International Wood Burning Seminar" has effectively promoted the exchange of ceramic culture between China and the world.

Nanfeng ancient stove is a national key protected cultural relic, which is not only specially protected by national culture, but also developed and utilized as a scenic spot with ceramic culture characteristics, becoming an educational base for young people in southern China to learn ceramic history and understand ceramic culture. The strong ceramic culture atmosphere has trained 7 China arts and crafts masters, 4 China ceramic artists and a group of ceramists. The long history of making ceramics has trained a large number of talents in ceramic R&D, production and sales, which makes Shiwan architecture, bathroom and craft ceramics always stand in the forefront of the same industry in China and play a decisive role.

Address: Foshan

No. 10

Jiangsu Tongli

Tongli Town is located in the northeast of Wujiang City, Jiangsu Province, 80 kilometers away from Shanghai and 20 kilometers away from Suzhou. It is an ancient town with a long history and a typical water town. Tongli was once called "the land of wealth". In the early Tang Dynasty, it was changed to "Copper Plum". In the Song Dynasty, the old name was spelled "Tongli". Tongli has beautiful scenery and the town is surrounded by water. The town is divided into 7 small islands (dikes) by 15 river, which are connected by 49 bridges. Every family in the town is near the water, and every family is connected by boat; Residential buildings in Ming and Qing dynasties are row upon row; Bridges in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are well preserved. It has won the reputation of "Little Venice of the East" with the pattern of small bridges and flowing water.