Vygotsky said that children before the age of three act according to their own brains. Small class education should follow this characteristic of children, actively create a good environment, and let children develop naturally in an open time and space. As a teacher, we should attach importance to the activities of the district corner, strive to create a suitable environment of the district corner, let children choose freely and independently according to their own needs, and promote the development of children's abilities in a relatively relaxed and casual atmosphere.
First, provide children with a safe and orderly exploration environment. The new "Outline" points out that "the environment is an important educational resource, and children's development should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment".
In order to promote children's development, district corner activities should first create a free, relaxed and safe psychological environment for them. Children can freely choose the content, method and time of the game. Teachers give priority to praise, encouragement and help, and put forward ideas and suggestions in a negotiated tone. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure the safety of children and avoid unsafe factors in active materials. The materials provided for children are light in weight, small in size, bright in color, strange in shape, various in variety and large in quantity, and the height of the materials is subject to the children's sight. Post some photos of children and their families on the wall to create a warm atmosphere, make the classroom have a home atmosphere, and let the children truly feel that this is a "small world" of their own.
Second, help children establish reasonable corner activities. Regular regional games are children's free activities, but freedom does not mean laissez-faire. The formulation of regional game rules can not only cultivate children's enthusiasm and initiative, but also cultivate children's self-discipline and sense of responsibility.
After last semester's adaptation and study, the children in the class basically formed the habit of consciously entering the corner. Children can be organically combined with district corner activities as soon as they enter the park in the morning. This kind of time arrangement allows children to choose their own activities from the beginning, reducing the time for collective listening to teachers' explanations and requirements. Every morning, I can see familiar figures walk into the activity area independently and carry out activities independently. Some children come to the garden to cry a few times in the morning, but as soon as they walk to the door of the classroom and see their partners playing, they will throw themselves into the activities.
After children develop the habit of entering the corner, this semester, our class will focus on strengthening children's quiet activities in the corner activities, not competing for goods, cherishing goods, putting things neatly and putting them in designated places. When putting forward the general requirements of regional games for children, first put forward one or two points, and then put forward new requirements after the children master them skillfully. In this way, after each activity request is made, children have a period of time to digest and learn. During this period, teachers can remind children in a timely and appropriate way and help them form a certain sense of rules.
Third, give children different levels of activity materials. This semester, our class will continue to develop language area, art area, math puzzle area, book area, building area, planting area, doll house and living area. First of all, design the logo in every corner to let the children know which corner they are playing. Secondly, according to children's interests and needs, put in materials. In this process, we should also combine the theme, season and festival, increase or decrease the materials appropriately with the change of the theme, and add some materials with garden characteristics.
(1) language area:
1. Continue to let children play phone games, using "Hello! Oh, goodbye! " Such a polite expression.
2. Add an interesting phone book with the phone numbers of teachers, class children and health care doctors, which enriches the children's language: "Hello, teacher, come for dinner!" "Hey, _ _ _, did you go to kindergarten today?" ...... 3. Plus the police, firefighters, ambulance calls and so on. With this situation, we can improve the enthusiasm of children to make phone calls, try to communicate with different people and exercise their language expression ability.
4. Create an "animal park" environment, so that every child can wear his favorite animal headdress and play the role of a small animal to help other small animals in the animal park. For example, "Help the small animals in the forest to find shadows", decorate a forest environment with walls, and paste many small animals' shadows on them, so that children can spell according to the shadows and talk about the small animals in the forest. Another example is "helping small animals find homes", which is based on their living habits and footprints. For example, the fish's home is in the water, the mouse's home is in the hole, the chicken's footprint is bamboo, and then find the chicken's home according to the footprint.
(2) Art design field:
1. Basic materials: oil pastel, watercolor pen, drawing paper, glue stick (glue), plasticine, etc.
2. Tearing and pasting practice: "I paste a beard for grandpa". It is to let the child tear a large piece of paper into pieces by hand and stick it on the grandfather's face painted by the teacher.
3. Create a "candy workshop" and prepare materials such as plasticine, short straws, candy paper, foam board, newspaper, decorative paper and wrinkled paper. Make candy for children and dress candy dolls. You can also provide children with bottles and newspapers, as well as some used candy boxes and beautiful wrapping paper. Children with weak ability can use bottles and newspapers to make sugar, while children with strong ability can use materials such as candy boxes to imagine and create packaged sugar. In the next stage of the corner goal, we will let children decorate candy and boxes with lines to meet the needs of children's inquiry and independent development.
4. Make candied haws, lollipops and other items with plasticine materials. Cultivate children's rubbing and group ability.
The teacher provides the children with semi-finished paper to practice the lines they have learned.
In the educational activities of kindergartens, environment, as a "hidden course", has been paid more and more attention to in developing children's intelligence and promoting children's personality development. The outline also clearly states: "The environment is an important educational resource, and children's development should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment." It can be seen that kindergarten environment plays an important role in daily educational activities.
To this end, combined with the actual situation of our class, this semester we will create a class environment from five aspects: theme environment, district corner environment, natural corner environment and parents' garden. From the perspective of children, we will provide as many operational and exploratory environments as possible to meet the different needs of children.
First, the creation of the theme environment
In the creation of themed wall decoration, we should try our best to arouse children's "three natures", namely, enthusiasm, initiative and creativity. How to effectively mobilize children's "three natures" lies in making children truly become creators and designers of wall decoration. When creating theme wall decorations, paying attention to children's own creation and personal experience is conducive to expanding and stimulating children's interest in learning, arousing children's curiosity of independent learning and active exploration, so as to achieve twice the result with half the effort.
The theme environment changes according to the realization of our theme. At the beginning of each topic, teachers, children and parents gather information together. According to children's interests and needs, we will sort out some of the collected information on the theme wall for children to enjoy and discuss freely, gain knowledge from it and stimulate their desire to explore. During the activity, we will also arrange children's works such as paper-cutting, painting and origami on the theme, so that children can exchange and learn, which not only promotes the feelings between children, but also improves their enthusiasm for learning and establishes their self-confidence. Of course, children can only be happy physically and mentally if they live in a beautiful environment. Therefore, while emphasizing children's participation, we should also consider the beauty of wall decoration, which requires teachers to design and properly decorate the theme wall section.
Second, create a regional environment.
This semester, we will develop four areas: operation area, puzzle area, art area and science area. First of all, we will design a universal entrance card with shape marks, so that children can choose the corners of the area to play games voluntarily through the universal entrance card. Of course, children should know what area they are playing while choosing the admission card. In addition, we will distinguish each corner of the game according to the shape mark of the main entrance card. Secondly, in every corner, we will design the rules of children's games to make children play games better. Third, we will arrange materials according to the interests and needs of young children. In this process, we should also combine the theme and increase or decrease the materials appropriately with the change of the theme.
Third, the creation of the environment from a natural perspective.
This semester, our natural corner not only has appreciation classes, but also children's own planting classes. The purpose is to let children master the planting methods and management methods of natural corners and understand some superficial scientific knowledge from planting beans and managing beans to recording the process of bean germination and leaf growth in the form of pictures. At the same time cultivate their interest in planting activities.
Fourth, the creation of parents' garden.
In the arrangement of the wall decoration of the parents' garden, our class uses black cardboard as the background, and the background is the scenery of spring, summer, autumn and winter. In the parents' garden, we designed four sections: one-week activity arrangement, warm reminder, parenting knowledge and home interaction, in which the sections of "home interaction", "parenting knowledge" and "home interaction" are changed once a month, and the sections of "one-week activity arrangement" and "warm reminder" are changed every Monday.
In addition, we will combine class paper-cutting classes and painting to decorate the walls. For example, we will decorate the borders of children's works and stick them on the blank pillars in the corridor for parents and children to enjoy;
This semester's environmental creation is mainly about these. Basically, the environment and materials will change with the change of theme and children's interests and needs. Let children develop in all aspects.
Small class environment creation scheme Chapter IV Kindergarten is the children's second home, the children's sky and paradise. They spent most of the day here. We should create a beautiful and harmonious environment, promote children's personality development, cultivate temperament and develop intelligence.
The children in my class are all between the ages of five and six. At this time, children's curiosity, thirst for knowledge and thirst for knowledge are strong, and intentional attention begins to occupy obvious advantages. I like to discuss everything and ask why. I prefer to be involved. Children aged 5-6 can show more colorful images and colors, convey their inner wishes and emotions, and tell people about their existence. Taking advantage of this feature, the environment of our class is created from the perspective of children, trying to provide various operational and exploratory environments to meet the different needs of children.
According to the above general guiding ideology, the overall goal of creating an environment in our class is:
1. Creating an excellent environment suitable for education can meet children's needs and interests and play a good and subtle role in children.
2, through the creation of the environment, stimulate children's imagination and create art in art appreciation.
3. Exercise children's hands and brains, and use both hands and brains.
First, the stair wall decoration
Stairs are places where children pass every day. Use their unintentional attention to stimulate their curiosity, acquire knowledge and gain aesthetic feeling.
Now the season is winter, so how do small animals spend the winter in winter? The children are very interested in this problem. We made a wall decoration of "Animals for the Winter" with waste materials, in order to tell children how various animals spend the winter and increase their encyclopedic knowledge. At the same time, it also saves money and makes the wall decoration more colorful.
Second, the creation of corridor wall decoration
The wall decoration of walkways is mainly children's works, and its content is closely related to aesthetic education.
These activities include painting and coloring. We call it "children's world", such as "arc world", and skillfully design various pictures by using various arcs to create an imaginary sky for children. Look, sometimes a big red carp swims over; It is a lovely chicken that comes out of its shell; A beautiful bird flies in from time to time ... creating all kinds of pictures on the arc, which is interesting and vivid, and training children to paint with all kinds of watercolors. "My Good Friend-Computer" At present, the computer is a sign of the progress of the times. Usually children have been exposed to computers at home. However, as a systematic knowledge, children seem to understand it. Combined with the recent teaching theme "The Times of My Life", draw a picture about computers on the wall, systematically introduce the composition, special functions and simple operation methods of computers, and cultivate children's interest in computers.
Third, the creation of interior wall decoration
The activity room is the main place for children to study and live, and the focus of wall decoration is characteristics and themes. According to the age characteristics of our class, the phased educational goals and the characteristics of our class's interest activities, we will create an intuitive, vivid, concrete and perceptible educational environment with the children to stimulate their interest in learning to the maximum extent. For example, "the new look of future urban traffic" is combined with the theme education goal. After understanding the changing process and functions of air, land and water vehicles, children can give full play to their rich imagination and creativity, design their own cars, boats and planes in the future, and build a new look of the future city. We give full play to children's brainpower and hands-on ability, provide ample opportunities for children's ability performance, cultivate their self-confidence and gain a successful experience.
Fourth, regional creation.
1, language area
Objective: To further improve the interest in listening, speaking, reading and speaking in rich language activities. Develop children's language association and creativity.
Content: Word cards, Pinyin cards, quantifier exercises, traffic signs, the era of modern electrical appliances, the story of the tail, telling-the role of trees.
2. Calculation area
Objective: To learn the addition and subtraction operation within 10 through the operation of test questions and the calculation of pictures, and to deepen the impression of the transformation and format between children's logarithms. Cultivate good activity habits, be able to organize homework materials consciously and take good care of public goods.
Content: Number composition within 10, addition and subtraction of trees within 10, calculation problems, addition and subtraction within 5.
3. Public areas
Objective: To stimulate children's interest in natural science phenomena. Learn to use a variety of senses to perceive things and develop observation. Active thinking, cultivate the ability of analysis, judgment and reasoning.
Content: Classification of animals such as iron balls, paper balls and ocean balls (the power of sports), understanding of people of all ethnic groups, and map puzzles of China.
4. Art design field
Objective: To provide opportunities to contact with various materials, so that children can understand the characteristics of materials, learn to use tools for color activities, develop imagination, creativity and eclectic expression ability, experience success and cultivate self-confidence.
Content: scissors, sketchpad, watercolor, clay, crayons, waste books, all kinds of beans.
5. Book area
The goal is to "further increase the amount of reading, create a stronger reading atmosphere, and let children increase their knowledge and gain spiritual needs through a lot of reading." Have a preliminary appreciation of literary works.
Content: all kinds of books
6. Chess area
Objective: To effectively cultivate children's attention and persistence. Train children's thinking and improve their analytical judgment. Cultivate children's awareness of rules and competition.
Content: all kinds of chess.
7. Toy area at hand
Objective: To develop children's multi-sensory perception and cultivate their practical ability. Inspire children to imagine and create, deliberately try to explore and learn to solve problems.
Content: all kinds of toys, plastic products, building blocks.
The fifth part of the small class environment creation scheme is divided into theme activity environment, district corner activity environment creation and parents' garden creation. Let me talk about it from these three aspects: there are six theme activities this semester, namely: kissing a family, opening the door with a small egg, wonderful voice, versatile hands, good partners, big stone players and big stone players. The theme environment changes according to the realization of our theme. At the beginning of each topic, teachers, children and parents gather information together. According to children's interests and needs, we will arrange intuitive, vivid and vivid materials on the theme wall for children to enjoy and discuss freely, gain knowledge from them and stimulate their desire to explore. During the activity, we will also arrange children's works such as paper-cutting and painting on the theme for children to appreciate and learn, which not only promotes the affection between children, but also improves their enthusiasm for learning and establishes their self-confidence. Of course, children can only be happy physically and mentally if they live in a beautiful environment. Therefore, while emphasizing children's participation, we should also consider the beauty of wall decoration, which requires teachers to design and properly decorate the theme wall section.
Second, create a regional activity environment.
This semester, we will develop six district corners: book corner, nature corner, thinking corner, game corner and doll's house. First of all, design a logo in every corner to let children know which corner they are playing. Secondly, according to children's interests and needs, put in materials. In this process, it is also necessary to combine the theme and increase or decrease the materials as the theme changes.
The first theme, "Kissing Home", decorated the family tree on the wall decoration and set up my dad's column; Provide colored cardboard scissors, colored pens and other things in the mobile area to make masks for mom and dad; Provide tableware, food, dolls, furniture, etc. Encourage children to perform role-playing in the dollhouse. In the thinking area, provide some maze diagrams, cards with less than 5 ideas and corresponding number of items cards for children to place.
The second theme, "Little Eggs Open the Door", posted pictures on the wall about the internal structure of eggs, interesting eggs, a collection of animals that can lay eggs, and various eggs. Provide all kinds of eggs in the mobile area for children to compare and peel; Provide plasticine and various decorative materials for children to eat breakfast; Provide eggshells and various tools to draw eggshells for children; Provide puzzles and matching cards in the thinking area.
The third theme, beautiful sounds, invites children to bring toys that can make sounds into the garden and hang some wind chimes made by children to guide them to listen. Put a conch in the thinking area. Listen to the sound made by the conch and say what it sounds like. Put different materials in a transparent mineral water bottle, shake it and compare the different sounds made by different materials. Collect things in the mobile area. Children make wind chimes. Give paper children different textures to make cannons, and feel and compare different sound effects made of different materials. Provide percussion instruments in the game area to let them feel the sound.
The fourth theme, "Versatile Hands", is to make a versatile hand display board to encourage every child to organize his own hand-made items or hand-related pictures at any time in the activity room. In the thinking area, we provide a variety of finger couples, and children tell stories themselves. Provide materials in the activity area and let the children draw palms and fingerprints. Provide uneven objects for children to close their eyes and touch and feel with their fingers.
The fifth theme is "Good Partners", and photos of group play are arranged on the wall. Build a mood cabin and let the children whisper. Make a friend tree, record greetings between friends and hang them up. The mobile area provides materials for painting portraits of friends and cooperative painting.
The sixth theme "Stone Player" arranges the stones collected by children into a stone exhibition.
Browse for children to enjoy and play. Arrange a modeling area for children to play freely. Think about the stone provided locally and put it in a tin can. After shaking, observe whether the stone is worn or changed. Children in the hands-on area roll pictures with stones and think about telling homemade stories.
The seventh theme, "Rainy Day", a homemade sunny and rainy doll is hung in front of the window to encourage children to tell it their feelings. Think about collecting rainwater and tap water in this area and observe the differences. In the hands-on area, children's homemade rain boxes are set up to play in the waters.
The eighth theme is "hot and cold". Set a hot summer and post some pictures of summer. Decorate the activity room with a fan. Think about the globe provided by the region, understand the climate characteristics of the Antarctic and the Arctic, and understand the home of penguins and polar bears. The floating area provides materials such as feathers and rags, and the children make their own fans.
Third, the creation of parents' park.
In the wall decoration of my parents' garden, I arranged two lovely angels, hand in hand at the top, flying love around. In the parent's garden, we designed five sections: theme description, weekly activity plan, baby's needs, health care and parenting knowledge, and praise column. Among them, parenting knowledge is changed once a month, online activities, baby needs and praise columns are changed once a week, and the theme description changes with the implementation time of the theme.
This semester's environment construction mainly revolves around these three aspects. Basically, the environment and materials will change with the change of theme and children's interests and needs. Let children develop in all aspects.
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