1996 12-science fiction encyclopedia
Wu dingbai
Jules Verne (1828—1905) is 38 years older than Wells. Although they both laid the foundation for the development of modern science fiction, they both complained a lot about each other. Perhaps scholars despise each other, or perhaps it is out of misunderstanding. Verne's stories are lively, humorous and full of fun, which can inspire people, especially teenagers, to love science and yearn for adventure, so they have been welcomed by readers all over the world for more than 100 years. According to UNESCO, Verne is one of the top ten famous translators in the world.
Verne was born in Nantes, a seaport city in western France. He lived and studied on Fayed Island by the Lauard River until he graduated from middle school. My father is a successful lawyer, and he is bent on his son's inheritance. But Verne loved the ocean since he was a child and longed for sailing and adventure. 1 1 years old, he volunteered to go aboard as an apprentice and sailed to India, only to be found by his family and taken home. /kloc-When he was 0/8 years old, he went to Paris to study law at the behest of his father, but he had no interest in law, but fell in love with literature and drama. After graduation, he devoted himself to the creation of poetry and drama. To this end, he was not only severely reprimanded by his father, but also lost financial support. He had to struggle in poverty and enjoy reading. He worships Hugo, Balzac, Dumas and Shakespeare in England. In Paris, he wrote 20 unpublished versions and some romantic and passionate poems.
Later, he discovered the novels of American Allan Poe, which was like a treasure. 185 1 year, his first science fiction novel "Sailing in a Balloon" and some later works clearly showed the influence of Allen Poe on him. From 65438 to 0862, he met Hecl, a writer and publisher of children's literature. With his support, Verne's sci-fi creation quickly entered a prosperous period. Five weeks in a balloon (1863) marks a turning point in Verne's fame and family. This novel shows the world a brand-new novel style. With the author's rich imagination, it combines new scientific and technological inventions that people have never heard of in legendary adventure novels and their magical uses. Since then, the trilogy Underground Travel (1863), From the Earth to the Moon (1865), Captain Grant's Children (1867- 1868) and nearly 60 books such as Two Wan Li under the Sea have been published. His success comes from diligence. He read widely, dabbled in various fields of knowledge, humbly asked experts and scholars for advice, and made as many field trips as possible.
Many ideas in Verne's novels were once considered wishful thinking, such as airplanes, tanks, rockets, submarines, long-range artillery, telephones, movies, television, faxes, skyscrapers, landing on the moon and so on. But after several decades, they all came true, and many of them were invented and put into practice by scientists inspired by Verne's story. Simon Lake, the father of modern submarines, once mentioned "two Wan Li under the sea" in his autobiography, and called Verne the general guide of his life. Of course, limited by the times and knowledge, Verne's novels also have many unscientific views, but this does not affect his great achievements.
Two Wan Li under the Sea, published in 1870, is a classic of world science fiction. Through the first-person narration of Professor pierre aronnax, the novel unfolds the thrilling plot of his submarine voyage to Wan Li. People often pay attention to one thing when evaluating this novel: it predicts the development of submarines. In fact, Verne didn't have this intention at that time. In order to increase the novelty and attraction of his adventure story, he just imagined a ship that could run permanently at high speed under the sea. But we can say that the more important significance of this novel lies in that the author inspires readers' enthusiasm for science, pursuit of life and understanding of society.
Outline of Two Wan Li Stories under the Sea
1866, in different parts of the sea, a ship found a glittering monster, which was hundreds of meters long and occasionally surfaced. After many ships were attacked and sunk by this monster, the US government sent the frigate "Lincoln" to track and chase. Pierre Aronnax, a French biologist and professor at the Paris Museum of Natural History, was invited to attend. He once wrote about this sea monster and thought it was a huge narwhal.
"Lincoln" swam in the sea for three weeks, but found nothing. One night, the professor was enjoying the night scene on the deck when he suddenly found that the dark water suddenly flashed red, and then a monster appeared. The professor ran back to the cabin and reported to the captain that the frigate immediately headed for the monster. When approaching, Ned Lambert, a Canadian whaler, threw a sharp whale fork and only heard a bang, which seemed to hit the steel plate, without any effect. The frigate opened fire, but the bombs were bounced off by the monster's tail, splashing. The monster seemed to be angered, spouting two streams of water from his head and hurling it at the starboard side of the frigate. With a loud noise, the professor, his servant Conseil and the whale harpooner were thrown into the water. The professor soon lost consciousness.
When the professor woke up, he found himself lying in an iron room, sitting next to Conseil and Ned Land. He's confused. Two strangers came in to greet them, but the professor tried several languages and they couldn't understand them. When they were in trouble, their master appeared. He is tall and bright-eyed, and introduced himself in French. His name is Nemo, and he claims to have given up all mankind. He said that although they became his prisoners, they still enjoyed freedom. Just to keep it a secret, he won't release them. He asks them to do whatever they want.
Although the professor felt sad about losing his freedom, he was still attracted by the mysterious submarine and the mystery of the seabed. At the invitation of Nemo, the three of them visited the Nautilus designed and built by him. Although its components are pieced together, the hull is solid and reasonable in structure, and can withstand the impact and high pressure of seawater. There is a beautiful living room, a comfortable sleeping cabin, a reading room and a casino on board. The submarine's electricity and oxygen are extracted from seawater and can stay on the seabed for a long time. Food is also taken from the ocean, and some delicious fish have never been tasted by the professor. Cloth is made of marine fibers, and tobacco leaves come from seaweed. Nemo also showed them guns for hunting marine animals and equipment for walking on the seabed.
Nautilus dived into the Pacific Ocean. Through the glass window, the professor looked at grotesque underwater scenes and colorful deep-sea creatures all the way. When passing through Crispo Island, Nemo sent someone to send a note inviting the three of them to go hunting in the underwater forest. So they put on diving suits, oxygen bottles and special shotguns. They crossed the ballast tank and walked on the submarine plain. Nemo killed a big sea otter with his gun, then killed two dolphins and returned with a full load.
When the submarine arrived near Kalimantan, food was in short supply. Professor, the three of them decided to go ashore to look for vegetables and game. At first, they were lucky. They killed several wild boars and picked many fruits. Just as they were setting up a bonfire on the beach to prepare for a barbecue, they were suddenly attacked by aborigines. They hurried into the boat and sailed for the submarine anchored in the sea. However, the aborigines boarded the raft and were eager to give up. Even if they were taught to climb the submarine and get off the bottom of the sea, the aborigines would not disperse around the submarine. Early the next morning, when the submarine opened the air, the aborigines did climb on the submarine. But as soon as their hands touched the railing, they shrank back in panic. It turns out that all the metal railings are electrified.
The submarine sailed into the Indian Ocean. Near Sri Lanka, Nemo invited the professor to visit the pearl mining area under the sea. Pearls abound here, with a maximum value of $2 million. The professor watched with interest the Indians collecting pearls on the seabed. Suddenly, a big shark opened its jaws and attacked the Indians. Nemo immediately picked up the short knife in his hand and went forward to fight with the shark. Ned Land raised his fork to help, and it hit the shark right in the heart. Nemo immediately lifted the pearl picker out of the water and took some pearls from his pocket to him. From the bottom of my heart, the professor admires Nemo's spirit of self-sacrifice and saving others, and therefore knows that Nemo has not actually cut off contact with human beings.
Nautilus entered the Mediterranean Sea from the Red Sea in less than 20 minutes. It sneaked through the submarine passage discovered by Nemo, before the Suez Canal.
Along the way, the professor found many amazing things. When the ship arrived in Kangdi Island, Nemo took out a lot of gold from the cupboard and sent someone to ship them out. Later, when the submarine sailed into the Atlantic Ocean and anchored at the bottom of Victoria Bay, Nemo sent his crew to dive and salvage the box full of gold and silver from the sunken ship at the bottom of the sea. It turned out that Nemo used the treasure on the sunken ship to help the poor and engage in scientific exploration. At the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean, Nemo accompanied the professor to visit the long-lost continent-Daxizhou. They watched the spectacular scene of sulfur fire from the submarine crater and visited the ruined ancient city of Pompeii.
The submarine headed for the South Pole again, and it passed among the whales in droves. When the pointed whale attacked the fin whale, Nemo directed the crew to attack the pointed whale out of sympathy for the weak. In the subsequent voyage, they experienced many difficulties and obstacles. One moment the iceberg blocked the road, the octopus besieged it, and the enemy ships attacked it. With amazing perseverance and wisdom, Nemo commanded the crew and overcame everything.
After two Wan Li voyages around the world, the submarine encountered a terrible whirlpool on the west coast of Norway. The professor can't know what happened after the submarine was involved in the whirlpool, because he and his companions were thrown into the water by the whirlpool and escaped on a small island in Norway, but the submarine has disappeared.
This work tells the story of Professor Pierre Aronnax, a French naturalist, traveling in the depths of the ocean. This story happened in 1866. At that time, a monster that was judged as a narwhal was found at sea. He accepted the invitation to join the chase, unfortunately fell into the water during the chase and swam on the monster's back. In fact, this monster is not a narwhal, but a submarine with wonderful structure. From then on, the submarine took him around two Wan Li. ...
This submarine was secretly built by Captain Nemo on a desert island in the middle of the ocean. It has a solid hull and uses the ocean to generate electricity. Captain Nemo invited Pierre Aronnax to travel to the bottom of the sea. The hero is always puzzled by a mystery. He is always thinking about this mystery and trying to solve it: Who is Captain Nemo? Why is this talented engineer and knowledgeable scholar so hostile to human society? What is the purpose of his roaming the bottom of the sea? What time does the journey end? Arona Cox, Gong He's many attempts to escape seem to be frustrated inadvertently. Can they go back to earth and be free? How did this trip to the bottom of the sea end? As soon as the old mystery is solved, new problems are in front of them. They set out from the Pacific Ocean, passed through coral islands, Indian Ocean, Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea, and entered the Atlantic Ocean. They saw many rare marine animals and plants and strange scenes in the water, and experienced many dangers such as stranding, being besieged by aborigines, fighting with sharks, icebergs blocking roads, octopus attacks and so on. Finally, when the submarine arrived at the Norwegian coast, Pierre Aronnax left without saying goodbye and announced to the world what he knew about the seabed.