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Who are the trading partners of Alibaba 1688 and JD.COM Mall?
1. Taobao deals with individuals or enterprises.

2.JD。 COM's trading partners are all self-employed. JD.COM and Alibaba are business competitors. Both companies are B2B/B2C procurement platforms for e-commerce, and JD.COM is a rising star, mainly taking the retail route. Alibaba is a retail and wholesale shopping platform, which started earlier than JD.COM.