(2) What did the author say in detail and how did he say it?

(3) Is this book meaningful? All makes sense, or some?

(4) What does this book have to do with you?

(1) In reading, the author recommends using structured notes. Readers can ask themselves and answer three questions: first, what kind of book is this? What is the second whole book about? Thirdly, what overall framework does the author use to develop his views or state his understanding of this topic?

(2) In analytical reading and thematic reading, the author recommends using concept notes.

(3) When reading many books on the same subject, the author recommends the dialectical note-taking method, that is, "a note to discuss the situation". At this time, the reader should use a piece of paper to pick out the key points from different books, "List all relevant statements and questions in order on a topic".

The first stage is "reading preparation". At this stage, from birth to six or seven years old.

In the second stage, children learn to read simple books, mainly in primary school.

The third stage is to quickly build wisdom, infer unfamiliar words from known words, and learn reading methods for different goals and fields.

The fourth stage is to improve the skills learned before, put forward opinions and transfer knowledge.

(1) Look at the title page first. If there is no problem, look at the order first. Understand topics and types.

(2) research directory page. Understand the basic architecture.

(3) If there is an index in the book, review it. Assess the scope of the topic.

(4) Read the introduction of the publishing house. Guide the readability of this book from the propaganda copy.

After the above four steps, we can judge whether the book is worth reading. If you decide to continue reading, readers can follow the following steps:

(5) Select several chapters that seem to be closely related to the theme.

(6) Open the book, turn it over, read a paragraph or two, and sometimes read several pages in a row, but not too much.

First, the first stage of analytical reading: find out the rules of what a book says.

(1) Classify books according to their types and themes.

(2) Explain what the whole book is talking about in the shortest sentence.

(3) List the main parts in order and relevance. List the outline of the whole book and the outline of each part.

(4) Determine the problem that the author wants to solve.

Second, the second stage of analytical reading: interpreting the content law of a book.

(5) Interpret the author's keywords and reach a * * * understanding with him.

(6) Start with the most important sentences and grasp the author's important theme.

(7) Know what the author's argument is, find relevant sentences from the content, and then reconstruct.

(8) Determine what problems the author has solved and what problems he has not solved. Then judge that the author knows what problems he has solved.

Third, the third stage of analytical reading: comment on the rules of a book like exchange of knowledge.

A. General rules of intellectual etiquette

(9) Don't criticize, unless you have completed the outline structure, you can read the whole book.

(10) Don't fight, you must argue to the end.

(1 1) Before making a comment, you should be able to prove that you can tell the difference between real knowledge and personal opinions.

B. Special standards for key views

(12) proves that the author lacks knowledge.

(13) Prove that the author's knowledge is wrong.

(14) proves that the author is illogical.

(15) proves that the author's analysis and reasons are incomplete.

Scope of observation and research: the preparatory stage of subject reading

(1) Design an experimental bibliography for the subject you want to study. You can refer to the library catalogue, expert advice and bibliographic index in the book.

(2) Browse all the books in this book, determine which ones are related to your topic, and establish a clear concept of your topic.

Theme reading: read all the books collected in the first stage.

(1) Browse all the books related to your topic identified in the first stage and find out the most relevant chapters.

(2) Create a set of neutral words according to the theme, and guide the author to your understanding-whether the author actually uses these words or not, all authors, or at least most authors, can use this set of words to interpret.

(3) Establish a neutral theme and list a series of questions-whether the author explicitly talked about these questions or not, all the authors, or at least most of them, should be able to interpret them to provide their answers to these questions.

(4) Make clear the main issues and secondary issues, and then arrange and show the author's different views on each issue next to each issue. You should remember that there is not necessarily a dispute between authors. Sometimes you need to interpret the author's point of view for something that is not the author's main concern, so as to deconstruct such problems.

(5) Analyze these discussions. In order to highlight the theme, it is necessary to arrange questions and topics. Problems with * * * commonality should be placed before those without * * * commonality. The relationship between various themes should be clearly defined.

Note: Ideally, we should always maintain the sense of alienation and objectivity in the dialogue. To do this, whenever you want to interpret a writer's point of view on a topic, you must quote a passage from his own article.