"The early pattern of the planned economy era has not been broken. The high monopoly of the state has led to a high concentration of resources in Beijing and has become an' urban black hole'. Compared with other cities, Beijing's resources are not more or less problems in some areas, but problems with and without them. "
● Scroll Wang Xiaofang.
People come to Beijing from other places every day.
In the past ten years, the number of foreign permanent residents in Beijing has increased by 4.729 million, with an average daily increase of 1.296. This accounts for three quarters of the newly added population in Beijing, bringing the total resident population in Beijing to 21148,000? People.
This is a headache for government officials in Beijing. In the early 1980s, the goal was to "control the population of Beijing at about 6.5438+million by 2000", but a few years later, the total population of Beijing has reached 6.5438+million from 65438+0988. Beijing's current population plan for 2004 requires that the permanent population should be controlled at180,000 by 2020, but this figure was broken in 20 10.
Chen Gang, deputy mayor of Beijing, said that according to the current development speed, it means that Beijing needs to increase nearly 500 square kilometers of land after 10; Construction of housing 65438+300 million square meters; Need to increase traffic trips by 5.5 million people; Increase 600 million cubic meters of water every year; Natural gas needs to increase by 5 billion cubic meters; Increase garbage by 6000 tons every day; Need to increase 167 middle schools and 208 primary schools.
So far, there is no effective way to stop these outsiders. By household registration? It's no use. The settlement index in Beijing in the last four years has not exceeded 1 0,000.
Why do you want to go to Beijing?
This question is very simple, because there are things in Beijing that are not available elsewhere.
Love movies and go to Beijing.
During the Spring Festival this year, about 9 million people left Beijing and returned to Beijing, most of them foreigners.
Why not stay at home, but go to the big city to work hard? This has become a hot topic during the Spring Festival. Originated from a question-and-answer session in Zhihu (an online question-and-answer community), a netizen who signed "Wang Yuancheng" used long words to trace back to the process of working alone in Shanghai in 2008 until he returned to his hometown in 20 13 due to his mother's illness. This article about the comparison between big cities in my hometown and third-tier cities has aroused the condemnation of countless people and spread all over the network at one time.
"If I don't come to Beijing, the distance between me and the film will never be shortened to the present distance. I never knew that I could go so far on the road of my dreams. " On the afternoon of February 6th (Lunar New Year's Day), Zhang Xiaobei just finished four or five hours of scriptwriting. Seeing this group of questions and answers, he wrote this sentence in Zhihu.
Besides being a screenwriter, Zhang Xiaobei is one of the founders of a trailer studio. In just two years, this studio has grown from two or three people to more than twenty people. In 20 13, the company produced trailers and feature films for more than 40 domestic films, including Jing M.Guo's Tiny Times. "In the past two years, with the development of the overall market and the progress of industrialization, China films are creating more and more new jobs, and these new jobs are basically concentrated in Beijing." Zhang Xiaobei said that the trailer industry did not exist 20 1 years ago. For the employees of the company, if they are not in Beijing, there is no chance to get this position.
After graduating from Beijing Broadcasting Institute, Zhang Xiaobei returned to his hometown of Hefei, Anhui Province and became a TV reporter. In 2002, he went north again. Because in Hefei, there were only two cinemas and three screens at that time. "If you want to see a movie, there is almost no other way but to buy a CAM-".
People who love movies can only come to Beijing. "Zhejiang Hengdian is a big shooting base, where many extras gather, but if you really want to be an actor or a star, you still have to come to Beijing. Especially in the film industry, the most critical link of the most upstream resources is in Beijing. You have the lowest time cost and the greatest opportunity here. " Zhang Xiaobei paraphrased, "From drama, production and investment to the marketing, publicity and distribution of movies, no matter which field you want to enter the film industry, you have the most opportunities in Beijing."
According to the Statistical Yearbook of China (20 13), 243 feature films were produced in 20 12, accounting for 27.2% of the whole country. There are 98 TV dramas, accounting for 19.4% of the whole country. In the 20 13 China Cultural Industry Development Index Report released by Shanghai Jiaotong University, Beijing topped the list with an index value of 82.75, far higher than the second-place Guangdong Province's 48.52. In 2009, Shanghai once tied for the first echelon with Beijing, but since 20 10, Shanghai's ranking has declined, forming the second echelon with Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong and other provinces. Most western regions scored less than 20 points, ranking behind 12.
Beijing patients
Beijing is still a city of patients. In 20 12, 9974 health institutions received 654.38+85 million outpatient visits, exceeding the sum of outpatient visits in Inner Mongolia and Jilin provinces.
This city has gathered top hospitals in China, such as Sheikh, 30 1, Children's Hospital and Jishuitan. , also attracted the most patients in China. A child was taken to Peking University maternity and child clinic by his parents. On Thursday afternoon, he went to hang up the expert number with only five on Friday. Before the numbering, all the previous efforts were in vain just because one person jumped the queue. An expert number 14 yuan was fired to hundreds or even thousands of dollars in the hands of traffickers.
Wang Hang's wife is pregnant. In order to check, he has to line up at five in the morning. I finally waited until I went to work, but I was told that the doctor would not see me again that day. This young medical major, who works in an Internet company, wondered whether he could do something through the Internet. "When we were in school, we knew that Beijing had gathered a large number of experts," Wang Hang said. "Beijing is the capital, and its academic level has been very high for a long time, so it is easier for institutions and projects in Beijing to get support. Medical talents are also more willing to stay in Beijing, so the more medical resources Beijing has accumulated. "
In the end, he and several friends founded "Good Doctor Online", where patients can inquire about the diagnosis and treatment information of more than 3,000 hospitals across the country and make appointments online, and experts can answer questions online and popularize medical knowledge. Among the hospitals included in the website, Beijing accounts for 5%, and among the 300,000 doctors, Beijing accounts for 10%, but 30% of patients' consultation questions are answered by experts in Beijing. Wang Hang said, "Judging from the situation of answering questions on the website, among the doctors who can handle major diseases, especially incurable diseases, there are more doctors from Beijing, and they have more say."
However, "Good Doctor Online" cannot solve the problem of shortage of medical resources. Zhangyan gave up the top three hospitals with superb technology, and she preferred high-end private hospitals. Many times, money can always solve the problem.
Money never sleeps.
Zhangyan, a native of Tianjin, gave up the opportunities in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singapore to work in a foreign-funded enterprise in Beijing in order to be close to his parents after graduating from a famous British school.
This is the most concentrated area of foreign companies in Beijing. Among more than 30,000 enterprises, there are more than 200 Fortune 500 enterprises. The regional headquarters of 70 multinational companies are located in the surrounding area of Zhangyan, accounting for 70% of Beijing. In 20 12, there were more than 26,000 foreign-invested enterprises in Beijing, and the number of Tianjin, which is also a municipality directly under the central government, is less than half that of Beijing.
The average daily GDP of Beijing enterprises is close to 5 billion yuan, of which 695 million yuan is made by 300,000 financial industry practitioners including zhangyan. However, the important town of Beijing's financial industry is not in the CBD, but in the financial street-an area of nearly 6.5438+0.5 million square meters surrounded by Chang 'an Street, Fuchengmennei Street, Taiping Bridge Street and Nanlishi Road, which is the most concentrated place of financial resources in Beijing and even the whole country.
2012 April 13, China, a shop assistant dressed as a god of wealth was handing out coupons (IC/photo).
The central bank, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Securities Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission all work here. One-third of national commercial banks and 60% of insurance groups will be headquartered here. Every day, 654.38+ ten thousand people work in more than 654.38+0.400 financial institutions. The assets of these financial institutions have exceeded 65 trillion yuan, accounting for nearly half of the national proportion.
This is a piece of land in arachis duranensis. Jones Lang LaSalle, an American real estate and capital management company, released a report saying that among the most expensive office locations in the world, Financial Street ranked third, second only to St James in London and Central in Hong Kong. But in this way, a large number of enterprises are still trying to come here, and Wang Yawei, the boss of this joint venture, is making this plan.
Now the company's office is located in Beijing International Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 8 kilometers away from Financial Street. If the traffic is smooth, it will arrive in half an hour. But for Wang Yawei, it is still too far. This tycoon, known as the "China stock god" in the industry, feels that there is too little communication with the industry now, and it is unbearable to stay away from the regulatory authorities-in his view, this will affect his access to information to a certain extent.
In this tiny place, tens of billions of funds come in and out every day, and the government can collect 248.28 billion yuan in tax revenue a year. Relying on this financial family, Xicheng District has also become the region with the largest tax revenue in Beijing. In 20 12, the total tax revenue of Xicheng District was 307.42 billion yuan, while the annual tax revenue of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was only 274.68 billion yuan, and the annual tax revenue of Anhui Province was only 306.565438 billion yuan, only equivalent to Xicheng District.
Zhongguancun empire
On 20 13 12, the decision-makers on financial street issued a control order on bitcoin payment, which made entrepreneur Li Lin very nervous.
A year ago, he just founded a bitcoin trading website Huobi. Com is in Shanghai, and is ready to show its talents in this industry. Now the central bank's policy is likely to cut his own path. Impatient, he heard that the director of the central bank's payment and settlement department was an adjunct professor at Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management, so he quickly contacted the director through Tsinghua University. After asking about the policy orientation of the director, Li Lin came to the conclusion that "it is not necessarily so pessimistic". Considering that the CBRC did not make similar restrictions, they found several banks and established channels for recharging with bank remittances. It was after that that Huobi.com became the largest bitcoin trading platform in China. One reason why people are willing to stay in Beijing is that you can often find the people you need here.
Li Lin, a native of Hengyang, Hunan Province, worked in Oracle Bone Inscriptions Company for two years. After resigning, she plunged into the entrepreneurial circle of Zhongguancun. It used to be a street with limited scope, mainly selling electronic products. Now, there are 224 listed companies here alone, including the well-known giants such as Tencent, Baidu, Google, Microsoft and Lenovo.
The early areas have long been unable to meet the expansion needs of the government and enterprises. Zhongguancun began to expand its territory in all districts and counties in Beijing, and almost all districts and counties in Xicheng, Chaoyang, Changping, Tongzhou, Miyun and Yanqing have the title of "Zhongguancun". In 20 12, the State Council approved Zhongguancun area to reach sixteen parks.
In this park as big as the federal empire, China's most intensive talents in science, education and intelligence are gathered. More than10.5 million entrepreneurs like Li Lin sweat profusely in houses and stay up all night in office buildings. There are also several young people aimlessly asking if you would like to lend money to others online. They originally planned to make an internet financial product, but after collecting 200 surveys, only three or four people were willing to do it, but it doesn't matter. Another post-80s generation joked that their wish is to satisfy all the wishes of employees within five years-female employees want to get married, and male employees want to manage a team full of girls ... All kinds of entrepreneurs meet, communicate and collide in 3W coffee, garage coffee and other favorite gathering places for entrepreneurs. Finally, 6,000 enterprises were created in Zhongguancun.
Cities all over the country are supporting entrepreneurs in the same way and even making greater efforts, but many young people with dreams and middle-aged people who want to try again seem to recognize no one except Zhongguancun. Zhongguancun officials claim that one third of the annual investment cases in China come from Zhongguancun.
When Li Lin needs to recruit people for the company, it is relatively easy to find the right one. "There are dozens of well-known Internet companies in Beijing, and the flow of talents is large." The young boss imagined that if he was in Hangzhou or Shenzhen, he could only dig people from Alibaba and Tencent with high salaries. "It is also very necessary to maintain industry exchanges", and the strongest atmosphere is here. Li Lin said, "Those colleagues in Shanghai will come to Beijing several times a month."
Academics and politics
In Zhongguancun's sphere of influence, there are 465,438+0 universities, including Peking University and Tsinghua. Li Lin often goes to these schools to participate in academic discussions about Bitcoin.
Education is the best resource in this city. There are 89 colleges and universities in Beijing, which has no advantage in the whole country, but there are 23 2 1 1 colleges and universities in these schools-and there are only four in Li Lin's hometown of Hunan. Of the only 39 985 universities in China, 8 are located in Beijing, while there are only 3 in Hunan.
Although Sun Yat-sen University, both on the 2 1 1 and 985 lists, has achieved the position of dean of the School of Political and Public Affairs Management, Ren Jiantao decided to leave his post and go north. Since 2009, he has entered Renmin University as a professor in the Department of Political Science.
"At that time, there were also universities in Shanghai looking for me," Ren Jiantao said. The reason why he chose Beijing is that he values the competition and advantages within his major. "There are more outstanding talents in Beijing and a higher platform for academic exchanges. The second is social repercussions. There are excellent newspapers and new media in Beijing, and our research results can be paid attention to and spread more quickly. The third is dynamic response. Our research is more likely to attract the attention of the central government and ministries, and we are more likely to become' guests' of the central leadership. " As a scholar who studies politics himself, his previous feeling in Guangzhou was that no matter how hard he tried, he only attracted attention in academic circles. "In the eyes of the central authorities, you are a local institution. It's different now. The advantage of Beijing is the' power advantage' on the table. "
How much do you know about Beijing's resources (2)
The data of China Statistics Bureau clearly supports Ren Jiantao's judgment. In 20 12, there were 79,343 national projects, and scientific research institutions in Beijing undertook 48 100 national projects-the expenditure of these projects reached 45.5 billion yuan, accounting for almost half of the total national project expenditure 1078 billion yuan. Even if money is not considered, it is much more convenient to look up information in Beijing. Only counting the collection of public libraries in Beijing, the per capita collection in Beijing is 1.0 1, which is not far from many developed coastal provinces. However, if the collection of the National Library is added, the per capita collection of books in Beijing will reach 2.69 volumes.
The only Chang 'an Avenue
The total mileage of roads in Beijing exceeds 50,000 kilometers, of which 38 kilometers is extremely special. In 20 10, it was decided to extend 6.46 kilometers to the west, which quickly attracted investment projects13.5 billion yuan. Is Chang 'an Street, which is located as "the seat of the central leading organs", and most of the central organs are in this street? Let's go
Feng is a researcher at the Consulting Center of Beijing Public Welfare Think Tank. 1987 After graduating from the Sociology Department of Peking University, I entered the China Institute of Economic System Reform, and now I have started my career in Chang 'an Street. "I used to have many relationships in some central ministries. My former colleagues and classmates are all within the system and have innate channels to serve the central ministries. " Feng said that they later undertook many tasks of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other central ministries and commissions.
These experiences have in turn become the capital for Feng to expand his business. "Many of the topics we are doing now belong to local governments ... because China society is top-down, local people will think that' monks in Beijing just love chanting'. Because we have experience in consulting the central ministries, it is easier to attract the trust of local governments. " In China, contact with Chang 'an Avenue means a self-evident certification.
For Beijing, Chang 'an Avenue is the source of all the above. "The early pattern of the planned economy era has not been broken. The high monopoly of the state has led to a high concentration of resources in Beijing and has become an' urban black hole'. Compared with other cities, Beijing's resources are not a question of more or less in some areas, but a question of owning or not owning, so many people can only make painful choices between owning and not owning. " Ren Jiantao said that Jinghua is not an identity relationship, but a trading relationship. In recent years, every time I have a holiday, I will go back to Guangzhou immediately.
But as long as there are resources, those who leave will come back. More and more people will come here. Even if some people don't know whether Beijing needs him or not and what Beijing can give him, you can't say that this is a blind choice.
Now I'm going to Zhihu to open the Q&A mentioned earlier. I don't know why, "Wang Yuancheng" deleted the reply that touched many people. At present, "Bai Bangni" is the one who replies the most. She also tells a very long story about her own Beijing, which ends with:
"But, why should we put up with Beijing's departure? I think, because of this city, it gives us the most precious thing-possibility. Of course, many times, it may be just possible, and this is cruelty. I will always remember that there are a few moments every year when I walk out of the subway station and feel that this is a city of hope. "
This article was published in the 269 issue of Vista Looking at the World.