Shanxi lies to the west of Taihang Mountain and to the east of Yellow River. The name of Shanxi is named after living in the west of Taihang Mountain. It has been called "the mountains and rivers outside" since ancient times. During the Spring and Autumn Period, most areas were owned by the State of Jin, so it was called "Jin" for short. In the early Warring States period, Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin, so they were also called "Three Jin". With a total area of/kloc-0.56 million square kilometers and a total population of nearly 34 million, the province now governs/kloc-0.4 prefecture-level cities and/kloc-0.4 counties such as Taiyuan, Datong, Shuozhou, Yangquan, Changzhi, Xinzhou, Lvliang, Jinzhong, Linfen, Yuncheng and Jincheng. Taiyuan, the provincial capital, is located in Shifu East Street, Taiyuan. ?

Human population

3,465,438+10,000 people (according to the sampling statistics of the Provincial Bureau of Statistics at the end of 2008). Among them, the urban population is 6.5438+0.49375 million, accounting for 44.03% of the total population; The population living in rural areas is 6.5438+08988 million, accounting for 55.97% of the total population; ? Male 17353400, accounting for 51.15% of the total population; Female 16572400, accounting for 48.85% of the total population; There are 9,935,438+0,000 households in the province with an average population of 3.37.

World cultural heritage

Pingyao Ancient City and Yungang Grottoes

China's famous historical and cultural city

Datong (the first batch), Pingyao (the second batch), Qixian and Daixian in Xinjiang (the third batch)

China is a famous historical and cultural town.

Jingsheng Town, Lingshi County, Shanxi Province (the first batch) and Qiaokou Town, Linxian County, Shanxi Province? (the second batch), Fen Town, Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province? (the third batch), Niangziguan Town, Pingding County, Shanxi Province? (the third batch)

china's historic and cultural villages

Xiwan Village, Qiaokou Town, Linxian County, Shanxi Province (the first batch), Huangcheng Village, Beiliu Town, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province? (the second batch), Longfeng Town, Jiexiu City, Shanxi Province? Zhangbi village? (the second batch), Xiwenxing Village, Tuwo Township, Qinshui County, Shanxi Province? (the second batch), Liangcun, Yuebi Township, Pingyao County, Shanxi Province? (the third batch), Lianghu Village, Yuancun Township, Gaoping City, Shanxi Province? (the third batch), Guoyu Village, Beiliu Town, Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province? (the third batch), xiaohe village, Yijing Town, suburb of Yangquan City, Shanxi Province? (the third batch)

National key scenic spots

Wutai Mountain, Hengshan Mountain, Hukou Waterfall of the Yellow River, North Wudang Mountain and Wulao Peak.

National nature reserve

Lishan, Jiaocheng Pangquangou, Ningwu Luya Mountain, Yangcheng Manghe River and Wulushan

National geological park

Hukou Waterfall of the Yellow River, Wannian Ice Cave in Ningwu, Wutai Mountain and Huguan Taihang Mountain Grand Canyon

List of the first batch of national key protection units of ancient books

Shanxi Provincial Library and Shanxi Museum

special local product

There are many kinds of local products in Shanxi. Xinghua Village Fenjiu is a famous historical wine in China, which is beautiful as crystal, fragrant and delicious, and sells well at home and abroad. Shanxi mature vinegar is sweet and sour, which is not only good for seasoning, but also good for digestion, beauty and sterilization. Qinzhou yellow millet is shaped like a pearl and is a royal tribute; Pingyao beef is full of color and flavor; Qingxu Grape, Fenyang Walnut, Liulin Muzao, Lvliang Seabuckthorn, Jiaocheng Lizao and Junzao. Famous local products such as Taiyuan Brain also have different flavors and endless aftertaste. In addition, there are Liuweizhai sauce meat, double cakes, push-light lacquerware, Jinci rice, Xixian Jinli and so on.

special

Oily meat? Hot pot? Steamed meat in Dingxiang? Wuzhai pig black meat stew powder? Mutton chowder? Pig blood enema? Zuo Yun Yang Jiao Zi (Fort Yang Qian)? Youyu mutton offal?

Small? eat

"Three hands" hard face? Baode bowl tuo? Fishing? Daixian hemp tablets? Daoxiao Noodles? Tofu brain? Bean paste cake? Fan Shi Scar Cake? Sorghum noodle fish? Guangling dried bean curd? Hequ sour porridge? Yellow cake? Lushan twist? Xiezhou mutton paomo? Jinnan laozao? Jinzhong oil cake? Cut three knives? Lamian Noodles?

Old gold twist? Cat ears? Feng Meng cake? Facial hemp tablets? Pingyao beef? Pingyao bowl holder? Buckwheat? Buckwheat noodle enema? Steamed dumplings? Steamed dumplings? Jiaocheng noodles? What about the bald bowl? Wipe the tip? Bad son? Braised noodles? Processed tofu

Shenchi twist? Mutton hotpot? Taikoo cake? Queen mother's royal bubble cake? Queen mother's royal bubble cake? Taiyuan mind? Pea noodles? Wenxi makes cakes?

Xinzhou tile cake? Mutton chowder noodles mutton chowder? Mutton soup? Canned mutton from Yangcheng? Yanggao apricot breast? Yangquan floating in Qu Min? Yingzhou beef brisket? Ointment horn?

Oil level? Fried prickly heat? Fried prickly heat? Noodles? Wo Wo? Wo Wo? Yuci enema? Lantern Festival? Yuan Ping Guo Kui? Pearl porridge? Pig blood enema

Special? produce

Baode oil jujube? Glass. Boom? Cheng Niyan? Datong Huanghua? Datong art porcelain? Daixian paper-cutting? Daixian lacquer pusher? Duanmu inkstone Fan Shi Huang Qi? Antique iron? Fenjiu?

Guangling Xiaomi? Hequ red fruit? Hengshan Huang Qi? Yellow river carp? Longmu crutches? Jinci rice? Jinzhong paper cutting? Glass products? Dough sculpture? Wooden bowl? Pingyao pushes lacquer ware?

Qingxu grapes? Shanxi mature vinegar? Jin Shufen? Taiwan Province dangshen? Taiwan Province mushroom? Taiwan Province inkstone? Tongchuan pear? Copper hotpot? Paint pusher? Wool carpet? Yuanping pear? Yungang diaosi man? Bamboo leaf green liqueur

Shanxi history

Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. 654.38 million+years ago, human beings thrived on this land. Xihedu culture and Ding Cun cultural sites show that human beings lived and multiplied here as early as the Paleolithic. Shanxi was the territory of the Tang Dynasty. Later, his son Xie's father changed his surname to Jin because Tang was close to Jinjiang. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Shanxi was one of the five tyrants. During the Warring States Period, Han, Zhao and Wei were separated in the State of Jin, and they were called the Seven Heroes of the Warring States with Qin, Chu, Qi and Yan. After Qin Shihuang unified China, there were five counties in Shaanxi: Taiyuan, Shangdang, Hedong, Yanmen and Dai Jun. By the Sui Dynasty, Taiyuan was the third largest city in the Yellow River valley, next only to Chang 'an and Luoyang. Late sui dynasty? Tang Gaozu and his son set off? After the capital Chang 'an was established, Taiyuan was honored as "Beijing", meaning "Don't be the capital". In the Five Dynasties, the late Tang Dynasty? After Kim? Both the Later Han Dynasty and the Northern Han Dynasty started from Shanxi. In the feudal society of China, Shanxi played an important role, but because of its special geographical position? The more troubled times, the more important? Whoever owns Shanxi will dominate the world. Therefore, Gu Zuyu, a Qing man, pointed out in the Minutes of Reading Historical Records that the trend of the world must be taken from Shaanxi. During the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Shanxi's economy and culture were in a leading position in northern China. In the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Province set up a secretariat in Taiyuan, and later changed to a company, which was in charge of five states and three states in Shanxi. In the Qing dynasty, it began to be called Shanxi. ?

Shanxi has a long history and rich cultural heritage. Up to now, it has a written history of 3,000 years, and is known as "China Museum of Ancient Culture" and "Cradle of Chinese Civilization". The legend of "Goddess of Mending Heaven" happened in Shanxi. . Three ancient emperors of China, Yao, Shun and Yu, all established their capitals in the south of Shanxi, namely Pingyang (now Linfen), Puban (now yongji city) and Anyi (this summer county). During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, Jin Wengong was one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Datong (then called Pingcheng) was once the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Li Yuan and his son set out for Jinyang (now Taiyuan), then seized Chang 'an, established the Tang Dynasty, and later designated Taiyuan as the northern capital of the Tang Empire. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, there were wars and famines in the Central Plains for years, and Shanxi, especially the southern part of Shanxi, became the main area of immigrants in the early Ming Dynasty because of its economic prosperity and dense population. Over the past half century, Shanxi has immigrated more than a dozen times. The pagoda tree in Hongtong County was a major immigration station at that time. This is where the phrase "Ask where my ancestors are, Sophora japonica in Hongdong, Shanxi" circulated in many parts of the country comes from. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the rise of Shanxi merchants and Shanxi merchants banks was famous at home and abroad.

The legendary ancestors of the Chinese nation, Huangdi and Yan Di, took Shaanxi as their main activity area. Yao, Shun and Yu, three great prehistoric men, all built their capitals in Shanxi. The Xia Dynasty, the first slave state regime in the history of China, was also established in the south of Shanxi. In Shang Dynasty, Shanxi was the main ruling area of Shang Dynasty. During the Zhou Dynasty, the State of Jin rose in Shaanxi, and Jin Wengong was once one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Qin, Han and Wei Dynasties, Shanxi played an important role in politics, military affairs, economy and culture. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Shanxi was the ruling center of the Northern Dynasties, Pingcheng (now Datong) was the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Jinyang (now Taiyuan) was also the "other capital" and "capital" of the Northern Qi Dynasty, which played a positive role in promoting the development of Shanxi. Emperor Taizong and Li Shimin founded the Tang Dynasty. As a result, Shanxi was regarded as the land of Longxing by Emperor Taizong, Shanxi was always regarded as the belly of the Tang Dynasty, and Taiyuan was named as the "northern capital" and "Beijing" of the Tang Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, Shanxi was famous for its special geographical location and developed economy and culture. Until the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Shanxi still played an important role in the political and military situation in northern China. During the Song and Liao Dynasties, Shanxi was further prosperous, and it was the main developed area of economy and culture in northern China. In the Yuan Dynasty, China had *** 1 1 province, Shanxi, Shandong and Hebei were also called "hinterland" of the Yuan Dynasty, and Datong, Pingyang (now Linfen) and Taiyuan became famous cities in the Yellow River basin. At that time, Shanxi's commercial prosperity, economic prosperity and cultural prosperity were all influenced by the great Italian traveler Kyle who came to China at that time. Poirot's praise. In the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi's commerce developed rapidly, leading the country.

After China entered the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, Shanxi's economic and cultural development was seriously damaged. However, Shanxi people bravely resisted foreign aggression. Especially during War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, Shanxi people fought more tenaciously and wrote countless heroic stories in the land of Sanjin. Hundred Regiments War, Pingxingguan Victory and Shangdang Campaign will go down in history forever. 1April 949, the whole province was liberated. In September, the People's Government of Shanxi Province was established, which opened a new chapter in the history of Shanxi's socialist revolution and construction. For decades, Shanxi people have made great contributions to the cause of socialist construction throughout the country.

The Yellow River flows through Shanxi, giving birth to countless heroes and people with lofty ideals. In various historical periods of China, many politicians, strategists, scientists, writers and historians emerged in Shanxi. The most famous are Jin Wengong Zhong Er, one of the overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in China and an outstanding politician in the Tang Dynasty, Guan Yu, a famous figure in the Three Kingdoms period in China, De Renjie and Pei Du in the Tang Dynasty, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing, famous figures in the Han Dynasty who fought against the Huns, Pei Xiu and Luo Guanzhong, a cartographer who founded the "Six-body Cartography" in the Western Jin Dynasty, and one of the four famous books in ancient China. There are famous poets Bai Juyi, Wang Bo, Wang Zhihuan, Wang Wei and Wang Changling in the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan, a famous writer, philosopher and political reformer in the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Haowen, a writer and poet in the Jin Dynasty, three famous dramatists in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and Zheng Guangzu, thinkers, writers, doctors, painters and reformers in the late Qing Dynasty, Yang Zexiu and Wu Xu. It can be said that Shanxi is outstanding, generation after generation. Among them, Shanxi merchants have traveled all over China, enjoying a world-renowned reputation.