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Haikou society
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the urban construction of Haikou has advanced by leaps and bounds. 30 new streets were built, and 18 streets were expanded and rebuilt. There are 68 existing streets and a large number of public buildings. 1988 to 1990, the city's urban construction investment is * * * 290.82 million yuan. Among them, public utilities are 68.37 million yuan, municipal engineering is 6 1.58 million yuan, landscaping 1.782 million yuan, environmental sanitation is 26.6 million yuan, and others 1.645 million yuan, accounting for 2.351%and 55.56% respectively. The water supply capacity of urban tap water is13.3t/day, and the length of urban tap water pipeline is 46km, which is more than the sum of the previous 29 years 197810km. The length of newly-built and expanded roads is 2 1.5km, the urban road expansion area is 400,000 m2, and the laying length of urban drainage pipes is 33.6km, which is more than the sum of the previous 29 years 1978/2.6 km and 0.6 times of 1978, with 65,438.

1988 to 1990, the municipal party Committee and municipal government took municipal construction as a major breakthrough and vigorously strengthened urban construction, with a total investment of 1 180338 yuan. Among them, the investment in road engineering is 53,403,300 yuan, with new bridges and culverts 1 1 seat, 5 footbridges, 22,977,300 yuan of sewers, 23 new and expanded drainage ditches with a total length of 37 15 kilometers, street lamps1005,700 yuan and 900 street lamps installed. Newly built and widened high-grade roads such as Longkun Road, Renmin Road, Haixiu Road, Haifu Road, Heping Road, Jiangyan Second Road, Jiangyan Third Road and Qiaozhong Road, with a total length of 97 kilometers and an area of 6,543,800 square meters. 1990, total length of municipal roads 150km, covering an area of 2.33 million square meters. * * * The investment in municipal facilities construction is 168 103700 yuan, which is more than the total investment in the 28 years before the reform and opening up (5 1 ~ 78 years) 156690600 yuan. 90 new and expanded roads with a total length of 63.55 kilometers and an area of 65,438+. The investment in bridges and culverts is 65,438+0,598,4438+0,000 yuan, and 29 new and expanded top projects are built; The sewer investment is 26,965,438 yuan +0.56 million yuan, and there are 75 new reconstruction and expansion projects with a total length of 63.65 kilometers, of which the East and West Lakes have also been treated, and the flood dike investment is 6,778,300 yuan with a total length of 1.89 kilometers; The lighting investment is 2197,300 yuan, and more than 3,000 street lamps are installed, with a total length of 2 1.2km.

Urban development goal: to build Hainan into an economic center city with the strongest economic strength and the most perfect service facilities; Tropical coastal tourist resort, an ideal residence with first-class ecological environment; An internationally renowned green ecological city.

Function: The main urban area of Haikou: the capital of Hainan Province, a livable city for tropical island tourism and holiday, a marine ecological industrial base in the South China Sea, and a national historical and cultural city.

Layout structure: the spatial layout structure of Haikou's main urban area is a strip group type. In the overall spatial development strategy, it follows the development principle of "strengthening China, making progress, expanding the west and optimizing the east, and controlling the south".

Establish and improve the spatial layout structure of cities and towns with central radiation as the mainstay, and strengthen the spatial structure characteristics of "one heart and four axes". "One Heart" refers to the main urban area, "Four Axes" refers to the four urban development axes radiating from the main urban area, and nine towns constitute important nodes on the four urban development axes.

Population size: the resident population in the main urban area should be controlled within 6.5438+0.75 million.

Town adjustment: 7 towns in the periphery of the urban area/kloc-0 were merged into 9 towns.

External traffic: build a "one horizontal" and "six vertical" external traffic expressway system.

Public green space: in 2020, the per capita green space will reach 18 square meters.

Public green spaces include municipal parks such as Baishamen Park 10.

In the planning, it is emphasized to improve the existing municipal comprehensive parks and add 10 municipal parks: Baishamen Park, Nandujiang River Estuary Park, Hu Hongcheng Park, Meishehe Park, Haixiu Park, Meitenghe Sports Park, Zhuang Yong Reservoir Forest Park, Shapo Reservoir Forest Park, Yulong National Forest Park and Wuyuanhe Forest Park.

Layout of urban tourist areas: build a structure of "three belts, one axis and one center".

Haikou's "Double Creation": On July 3, 2065438, Kloc-0, Haikou held a "Double Creation" mobilization meeting to mobilize the whole city to actively participate in the "Double Creation" work and build a beautiful home in Haikou.

Haikou will take the socialist core values as the foundation, take the idea of serving the people and relying on the people as the ruling idea, stimulate the enthusiasm of the whole society for creation, expand the coverage of creation, continuously improve the function and refinement of the city, improve the degree of social civilization and the happiness index of citizens, realize the two "great changes" of urban style and urban management in three years, and strive to obtain a national civilized city and a national health city in 20 17. By 20 14, the total number of health institutions in the city will be 75 1 unit (excluding 23 1 unit village clinics, the same below). Among them, there are 78 hospitals, 27 health centers, 6 maternal and child health centers (institutes and stations), 70 outpatient departments, 7 specialized hospitals (institutes and stations) for disease prevention, 7 centers for disease prevention and control (epidemic prevention stations), and 556 clinics, health centers and consulting rooms. The city's health institutions beds 127 12. Among them: hospital beds 1 1060, accounting for 87% of the total beds; There are 652 hospital beds, accounting for 5. 1% of the total beds. There are 54 beds in hospitals and health centers per 10,000 people.

The total number of health workers in the city is 24,896. Among them, there are 20,060 health technicians (including 6,693 medical practitioners and 9,436 registered nurses), with an average of 30 doctors per 10,000 people. Haikou Library, located in Xinhua South Road, is the largest library in Hainan Province. It was built by the Ministry of Culture, Hainan Provincial Department of Culture and Sports, Hainan Administrative Region and Municipal People's Government with a total investment of 6.5438+0.77 million yuan. 1984 broke ground at the beginning, 1986, 1 16 was completed and opened to traffic in October.

Hainan Provincial Library was officially listed on February 2, 2007. The library is located in Guoxing Avenue Cultural Park, Haikou City, Hainan Province, with an elegant environment and a construction area of about 28,000 square meters. It can store about 6.5438+0 million paper books. The library is equipped with social science books, self-study books lending rooms, and a number of reading rooms such as digital, newspapers, reference, children and special collections. * * * has more than 1000 general reading seats and more than 300 computer reading seats.

There are 13 cinemas and theaters in the city with a total seating capacity of 26,200. There are two radio stations and two TV stations each.

By 20 15, there are 2 museums, 2 public libraries, 3 mass art museums and cultural centers, and 22 cultural stations in the city. At the end of the year, the comprehensive coverage rate of broadcasting population was 100%, the comprehensive coverage rate of TV population was 100%, and the public library had 425 100 books. Ancient Haikou education was closely related to Qiongshan Mountain. In the Ming Dynasty, Pandan Village (now Haikou City), located in the eastern part of Qiongshan Prefecture, once created the miracle that one village and one clan once had six scholars, which is unique in Hainan and rare in the whole country, including Tang Zhou and Tang Liang; Tang Zhou and his son Tom. Down's family became a government official, and the whole island was famous. After the founding of the Republic of China, the school was renamed as a school, and some new schools were gradually piloted in Haikou. 1926 During the Great Revolution, there was an upsurge of "civilian education", and civilian education committees were established, and some civilian literacy schools and bookstores were opened in various towns and villages. However, due to social unrest, the development of education is slow. By 1938, there are only 2 1 primary schools in Haikou. 1939, the Japanese invaded Qiong. During the occupation, the Japanese puppet regime carried out enslavement education, and the original schools were forced to close and dissolve.

1945, Japan surrendered and the original schools in Haikou resumed classes one after another. According to the Baojia system, towns and villages set up central primary schools and ethnic schools, which are called public schools. In addition, there are private schools funded by private individuals, churches and clubs.

From 1948 to 1949, the mainland of the motherland was liberated on a large scale, a large number of Kuomintang authorities withdrew from Hainan in the south, and some secondary schools and above moved to Haikou one after another. Haikou primary schools have increased to 67, 9 ordinary middle schools and 5 vocational schools. In addition to private Hainan University, there is Changbai Normal College brought by the newly established Hainan Art College.

1April 950, Haikou was liberated. There are 6855 primary school students and 358 faculty members in the city. Students in this middle school191person, teaching staff 185 person. Secondary and vocational schools * * * students 184, secondary school students 688, faculty 154; Hainan University has students 137 and 68 faculty members. The people's government has carried out a comprehensive rectification of the schools it has taken over. By 1952, the city's middle schools were adjusted and merged into 4, primary schools into 58, secondary vocational schools into 4, and newly-built kindergartens into 1. In addition, a large number of amateur night schools for workers, residents and farmers have been established to carry out literacy and amateur cultural studies. From 1954 to 1965, Haikou's education has entered a period of planned and step-by-step development.

According to the State Council's educational policy of "consolidating foundation, focusing on development, improving quality and developing steadily", all kinds of schools in the city have developed rapidly. 1965 The city's primary schools have grown to 1 13, with 9 ordinary middle schools, 24 vocational and technical schools organized by municipal enterprises, 4 agricultural (fishing) middle schools organized by suburban communes, labor universities and advanced agricultural schools 1, and 22 kindergartens and amateur schools organized by the municipal government. Teachers are enriched and strengthened year by year. 1965 There are 290 kindergarten teachers (including 37 public ones), 65,438 primary school teachers (including 852 public ones) and 399 middle school teachers (including 327 public ones) in the city. The financial allocation for education in that year was1157,000 yuan. With the implementation of the central policy of "walking on two legs" and the mobilization of the enthusiasm of the masses, the conditions for running schools such as school buildings, facilities, equipment and books have been gradually improved. However, during this period, due to the expansion of the anti-rightist struggle of 1957, some teachers were wrongly classified as Rightists, and the teaching staff was once weakened. Especially during the Great Leap Forward and the People's Commune, the amount of students' labor was too large, the teaching order was abnormal, and the quality of education was once affected. Adult education has also been affected by being divorced from reality and boasting, and there have been deviations such as compulsory literacy and surprise literacy. These problems were gradually solved after implementing the policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement" put forward by the Central Committee 1962, and implementing the intellectual policy and the Regulations on the Work of Primary and Secondary Schools.

During the Cultural Revolution, all kinds of educational undertakings in the city were seriously damaged. After September 1968, primary and secondary schools returned to school one after another to "resume classes and make revolution". However, due to the serious shortage of teachers, the teaching content emphasizes "highlighting politics" and "learning industry, agriculture and the army", which greatly weakens the teaching of cultural foundation, and the educational order is extremely chaotic and the quality of education is seriously declining. 1976, there are 1 16 primary schools, 2 1 middle schools, 85 kindergartens and 7 adult amateur schools in the city; The city has primary school staff 1 13 1, middle school staff 165438, kindergarten staff 46 1 and other education staff 120.

From 1976 to 1986, education in Haikou has entered a period of recovery and development. During this period, the layout, academic system and curriculum of all kinds of schools in the city were gradually adjusted, and graded school running and management were implemented, and the society was widely mobilized to care about education, and funds were raised through various channels to improve school conditions. 1983 The city achieved five-year universal primary education and was rated as an advanced city in Guangdong Province. 1985 realized "nothing more than two", that is, there are no dangerous buildings in schools, classrooms in classes and desks for all students in the city, which was commended by the province.

From 65438 to 0988, Hainan established a province to run a special zone. With the development of reform and opening up, Haikou education has entered a new stage of accelerating development and improving quality. The strategic position of giving priority to the development of education is gradually implemented; The comprehensive reform of education has been gradually carried out and deepened, which has changed the pattern of running schools by the government in the past and gradually established a new system with public affairs as the mainstay and social forces participating in running schools; Optimize and adjust the educational structure year by year in a planned way, so that basic education, vocational education and adult education can develop more harmoniously. 1992 primary and junior high schools are decentralized to the district government for management. By 1996, the three districts in the city have basically completed the task of "two basics" (basically realizing nine-year compulsory education and basically eliminating illiteracy among young people). Through the government's increasing investment in education and raising funds through various channels, a large number of school buildings have been rebuilt, expanded and newly built, and a large number of teaching equipment and books have been purchased, which has improved the conditions for running schools at all levels.

By the end of 20 14, there were 349 primary schools (including teaching points), 75 junior high schools, 23 ordinary high schools, 4 ordinary undergraduate colleges (Hainan University, Hainan Normal University, Hainan Medical College and Haikou College of Economics), 6 higher vocational colleges and adult colleges 1 institute.