2, rare book means:

Jane's book is a good book. The original concept of rare books refers to books that have been strictly collated and have no mistakes. Before printing appeared, books were mostly written by hand. Carefully write down manuscripts or other books, and after checking with the original, it becomes a rare book. After the Tang Dynasty, woodblock printing appeared, and the concept of "edition" began to appear in books. Different versions of books have different documents and different collations, so there are whole books and residual books, excellent books and inferior books; Different versions of books appear at different times in the morning and evening, and their rarity is also different, so there are differences between ancient books and modern books, and there are differences between orphans and duplicates. The connotation of rare books has also expanded than before. Later, many scholars summed up the concept of rare books, and finally formed the universal theory of "three natures" and "nine articles". The "three characteristics" of rare books mean that books should have high historical relics, academic materials and artistic reproducibility. The "Nine Articles" of rare books mainly include: books engraved and copied before the Yuan Dynasty; Books carved and copied in Ming Dynasty; There were few woodcuts and manuscripts before Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. Books published by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the peasant revolutionary regimes of past dynasties; Before the Revolution of 1911, there were original opinions or manuscripts with school characteristics in academic research, and there were also rare versions and manuscripts. Manuscripts that reflect a certain period, a certain field or an event before the Revolution of 1911, as well as rarely circulated engravings and manuscripts; Before the Revolution of 1911, famous scholars recognized, inscribed or recorded printed copies and transcripts with reference value recognized by predecessors; Printing can reflect the development of ancient printing, all kinds of movable type printed books, overprint printed books or block printed books, with exquisite proofreading prints and illustrations; The printed spectrum of Ming Dynasty, the printed spectrum of ancient collections in Qing Dynasty, famous seal cutting plates and unique calligraphy inscriptions. The lower age limit of rare books is now generally determined in the 60 th year of Qing Qianlong;

Insiders explained that Zhang Zhidong, a cataloger of A Qing version, explained: First, it is complete, without abridgement and lack of volumes; Second, the book is fine, the school is fine, the notes are fine, and there are few mistakes; Third, old books, that is, woodcut books, codex books and thread-bound books handed down for a long time. But in the current auction market, the concept of rare books of ancient books has been greatly expanded, and from the overall situation of the current market, all kinds of varieties have investment opportunities.

3. The historical materials of Yanda Rare Book Room are as follows:

The main building of Yanda University, which is now the Peking University office building, is called Gong Beilou, in memory of Bertrand, the governor of the American Israeli Methodist Church. When 1926 was built, its English name was BashfordHall. Yenching university's predecessor was Huiwen University run by the American-Israeli-American Church. Its first president, Li Ande, was a close friend of Ding Weiliang. After the death of 1893, the school board, including, unanimously elected Fu as the second president and executive vice president of Huiwen University Hall. Betsch Ford was then president of Ohio Wesleyan University. Before 1904 came to Beijing to preach, he didn't have much time to actually preside over and ask about the specific affairs of Huiwen University Hall, but because he is a well-known educator and has rich experience in managing famous American universities, he has played a great role in improving the academic and management level of Huiwen University Hall. Especially since he personally came to Beijing to preside over the educational activities of the American-Israeli-American Association, he gave great financial support to Huiwen University Hall during his tenure as the director of1919 Shanghai American-Israeli-American Association. At the same time, Fu is also a bibliophile and a prolific historian. He has written China and the American-Israeli Friendship Association (1906), A Centennial Collection of the American-Israeli Friendship Association in China (1907) and On China (19 16). Before 19 19 died in Shanghai, Fu bequeathed a large number of books to Huiwen University Hall, many of which were rare books. They later became the core part of the western literature collected by yenching university Library. Up to now, thousands of western language books signed by Fu can still be found in the stacks of Peking University Library, most of which are related to missionaries coming to China and the history and culture of China. To commemorate his outstanding contribution to Huiwen University Hall and yenching university, 1926 was named after him when it was completed. The Methodist Overseas Missionary Mission donated $654.38+$600,000 to build it.

Yanda Library

Yenching university Library is located on the south side of Gong Bei Building, which is today's Peking University Archives. Thomas Berry's three daughters donated $50,000 to commemorate their parents' last wish to "promote learning in China". China is famous for collecting rare books and ancient books. 1952 when the department was adjusted, it had 400,000 books and periodicals, uncoded books and periodicals180,000, rubbings12,000 and more than 2,400 wooden blocks. Among them, the rare books are mostly Ming and Qing editions and manuscripts, and there are also many Song and Yuan editions. The number of rare books is as high as 3578 kinds and 37484 volumes. Due to the special status of Yanda University as the original missionary school, the most famous western literature collections are Christian Theology and Christian Anthology in the History of Cultural Exchange. The series of ancient books is also one of the richest collections in domestic libraries. In addition, yenching university Library has also received books from all sides. Among them, Dr. Sun Yat-sen personally took the Abao Book from his bookshelf, and books presented by American alumni at 1924 and 1927 respectively. Mr. Li Funing wrote in a reminiscence article entitled "I and Peking University Library" that it was yenching university's collection of western films that enabled him to prepare lessons and give speeches smoothly in his first few days of teaching at Peking University, and he spent a peaceful and serious research time in Peking University Library.