For example, the Chinese Department of Peking University has four majors: China Literature, China Linguistics, Classical Philology and Applied Linguistics (Chinese Information Processing), which is the first national talent training base confirmed by the Ministry of Education. There are seven doctoral programs in ancient literature, modern and contemporary literature, literature and art, Chinese philology, classical literature, comparative literature and linguistics, 1 1 master programs and first-class postdoctoral mobile stations.
The Chinese Department has six national key disciplines (2 disciplines), including China ancient literature, China modern and contemporary literature, Chinese philology, China classical philology, linguistics and applied linguistics, comparative literature and world literature.
Chinese major: It has a long history and a low employment rate.
When it comes to Chinese, most people immediately think of Chinese language and literature. In fact, Chinese language and literature is just one of China's language and literature majors. The major of language and literature in China has a long history, starting from the university. With the development and change of disciplines, the Chinese major in China is constantly expanding and changing. Here, Mr. Gao's blog mainly introduces the parents of candidates-Chinese language and literature major.
"professional analysis"
China major in language and literature.
At present, Chinese language and literature majors mainly include: Chinese language and literature, Chinese language, teaching Chinese as a foreign language, China minority languages and literature, classical literature, China language and culture, applied linguistics, etc. Although they both belong to China language and literature, their subjects are different.
Chinese language and literature includes two fields: language and literature, focusing on learning the basic knowledge of language and literature. In the fields of language and literature, literature is emphasized. Students mainly learn the basic knowledge of Chinese and China literature, and receive systematic education and basic training in related theories, development history and research status. Chinese language majors mainly study the essence, characteristics, structure, function, origin and development law of language. Students mainly study the basic theories and knowledge of Chinese, linguistics and China literature, get the basic training of theoretical thinking and professional skills, and master the basic ability of investigation and language teaching.
Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is the abbreviation of "teaching Chinese as a foreign language", which means teaching Chinese to foreigners through foreign languages. This major mainly studies literature, culture and language, and mainly trains teachers who have a deep understanding of China's language and culture and can teach Chinese as a foreign language at home and abroad in the future, or practical professionals who are engaged in cultural exchanges with foreign countries. China's language and culture emphasizes the word "culture" and contains all the knowledge related to China's traditional culture. It mainly trains general-purpose language and culture talents who have a high level of Chinese, a certain degree of China language and culture literacy and preliminary research ability, and can skillfully use Chinese to engage in related work.
Applied linguistics is a subject that studies language and language teaching. Based on linguistics, applied linguistics analyzes and summarizes the relations and internal relations between human languages. Different institutions have different emphases. This major mainly trains professionals who have a solid knowledge of basic theories and systems of linguistics and applied linguistics and can engage in scientific research in this major or related or similar disciplines.
Classical philology takes the ancient documents preserved in ancient China as the research object, and cultivates philology professionals who have a comprehensive and systematic understanding of ancient book collation and classical philology in China and can engage in the practical work of ancient book collation and the teaching and research of classical literature. The major of minority languages and literature in China mainly cultivates talents who have comprehensive and systematic knowledge of minority languages and literature and can engage in teaching research, editing and translation, journalism and literature.
"Profession and Employment"
The employment scope is diversified, and the professional counterparts are less than half.
20 10 the Ministry of education announced the employment situation of college graduates nationwide, in which the employment rate of Chinese language and literature is at the stage of B+ to B-, and the employment rate is about 80%. The employment rate of Chinese language is in C+ and D+ stages, and the employment rate of this major in ordinary colleges and universities is only 65%. The employment rate of TCFL varies from B+ to B-, and the employment rate of this major in colleges and universities is ≥ 80%; The employment rate of minority languages and literature majors in China is in the C stage, and the employment rate is about 70%. Among the top ten unemployment rates of undergraduate majors in Max 2065 438+00, China Language and Literature, a literature major, ranks ninth, and the overall employment rate of Chinese majors is low.
With the increasingly severe employment situation, there is a low correlation between the career choices of liberal arts graduates and their majors. After graduation, less than half of the students are engaged in occupations corresponding to their majors, and their employment scope is diversified. Chinese majors go to party and government organs at all levels, various enterprises and institutions, news media units, publishing units, advertising companies, teaching and scientific research institutions, and engage in journalists, editors, teachers, secretaries, copywriting, planning, publicity, management and other industries.
If you have a strong interest in Chinese major, you hope to engage in this field and related teaching and research work in the future, for example, working as a Chinese teacher in junior and senior high schools; Or teach in the Chinese department and journalism department of the university. Then, you have to choose a master's degree or even a doctor's degree.
Application guide
Among liberal arts majors, Chinese is the largest category. According to incomplete statistics, more than 500 colleges and universities in China offer Chinese majors. A batch of undergraduate courses, a batch of undergraduate courses and a batch of undergraduate courses all have colleges and universities that recruit Chinese language and literature majors. Among these enrollment institutions, there are well-known comprehensive colleges, normal colleges and language colleges. For example, Peking University, China Renmin University, Beijing Normal University, Capital Normal University and other comprehensive and normal universities all have Chinese departments or liberal arts colleges. In recent years, many universities of science and engineering have also set up Chinese departments.
Fill in the volunteers to see the specific major.
Many colleges and universities enroll Chinese majors according to the categories of China language and literature, such as Renmin University, Peking University and Nanjing University. The majors offered by Chinese departments in different schools are different. For example, the Chinese Department of Peking University currently has four undergraduate majors: China Literature, China Linguistics, Classical Philology and Applied Linguistics (Chinese Information Processing). Among them, the combination of applied linguistics and arts focuses on cultivating specialized talents in language information processing for the country. The other three majors only recruit liberal arts students. When enrolling students, they are enrolled according to the major categories of language and literature in China. Undergraduate teaching pays attention to the foundation, and basic courses in lower grades are offered in an all-round way Senior students are free to choose their major.
For example, the Chinese Department of Fudan University has two majors: Chinese language and literature. Chinese language and literature majors focus on the direction of China literature; The major of Chinese language is equivalent to the major of teaching Chinese as a foreign language in his school, focusing on cultivating Chinese professionals and teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
The undergraduate majors of Chinese language and literature in Xiamen University are: Chinese language and literature, Chinese language (applied language). Tsinghua University appeared in the form of an experimental class of humanities when enrolling students, and the senior students were divided into three majors: Chinese language and literature, history and philosophy.
When choosing, students must look at the enrollment regulations and major settings of colleges and universities according to their hobbies and needs.
Choose a major and make clear the key points of training.
Chinese language and literature is a traditional major, which is offered in normal universities and some comprehensive universities, and it will be emphasized according to the different professional directions of colleges and universities.
For example, the Chinese language and literature major of Capital Normal University has three major directions: normal direction, non-normal direction and advanced foreign-related secretarial direction. The training emphasis of these three majors is different. Teachers' classes mainly train teachers, teaching researchers and other educators who have the basic theory, knowledge and skills of Chinese language and literature and can teach and study Chinese language and literature in middle schools. Non-normal majors mainly cultivate senior Chinese language and literature professionals with professional knowledge and written expression ability; The direction of senior foreign-related secretarial major is to cultivate senior secretarial talents, and the requirements of this major for foreign languages are higher than those of the other two majors. The major of Chinese Language and Literature (Financial Secretary) offered by Central University of Finance and Economics focuses on cultivating secretarial talents in the financial field.
There are relatively few colleges and universities in China for language, culture and applied linguistics, and their enrollment is relatively small. For example, applied linguistics is only offered in a few universities such as Peking University, China Renmin University, Shanghai Normal University and Sichuan University, and some universities will not offer it until the postgraduate and doctoral stages.
Teaching Chinese as a foreign language is a new major in recent ten years. Beijing language and culture university, Beijing Foreign Studies University, East China Normal University and Shanghai International Studies University are the first four universities in China to offer Chinese as a foreign language. In recent years, the schools that have enrolled students in Beijing mainly include Xi 'an International Studies University, Nanjing University, China Communication University, Nankai University, Sichuan University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Normal University and so on.
What I want to mention here is that many colleges and universities offer Chinese as a foreign language majors not in liberal arts colleges, but in foreign languages colleges or international exchange colleges. The major of teaching Chinese as a foreign language in such schools pays more attention to the cultivation of foreign language ability. Candidates can choose their favorite major according to the focus of college study and training.