I. Overview
Shandong Yidu Health School is a century-old famous school, directly under the public school of Weifang Health Bureau, located in Qingzhou City in the west of Weifang City. Qingzhou-one of the ancient "Kyushu", "Yu Gong, Shangshu" recorded that "Haidai only lived in Qingzhou"; There is another saying in Zhou Li that "due east is called Qingzhou". Qingzhou Zhong Ling has a long history and rich cultural heritage.
Qingzhou is located in the middle of Shandong Peninsula, with a latitude of 36 degrees 4 minutes to 36 degrees 8 minutes north latitude and an longitude of 1 18 degrees 0 minutes to 1 18 degrees 6 minutes east longitude, and belongs to a temperate climate. Linzi District of Zibo City in the west, Changle County in the east, Guangrao County and Dongying City in Shouguang City in the north and Linqu County in the south. Qingzhou covers an area of 1569 square kilometers and has a population of 900,000. According to the urban framework determined by the overall urban planning of Qingzhou City, the southern part of the city is a cultural industrial park, which is a modern comprehensive city sub-center integrating basic education, vocational education, higher education and living quarters. The new campus of Yidu Health School is located at the southern end of this area.
The new campus is adjacent to Shandong National Technician College in the north, Siqian Road in the south, Si Qian Village in the west and Yunmen Mountain South Road in the east. The planned total land area is 595 mu (about 40 hectares) and there are 6,000 students.
Second, the current situation analysis
1, position analysis
The new campus of Yidu Health School is located in the south of Qingzhou, east of Yunmen Mountain and Guangfu Temple Scenic Area. It has the reputation of "three mountains connected, picturesque city" and beautiful scenery. Relying on the environment of cultural industrial park, the school has good location conditions and convenient transportation. The planned road on the south side of the base has not yet been formed, and Yunmen Mountain South Road on the east side has been opened to traffic.
2. Analysis of current situation of land use
The land is mountainous, and the highest point is located on the west side of the base and on the hillside below the top of the mountain. There are some areas with good vegetation on the slopes facing north and east.
Located at the highest peak on the west side of the base, the altitude is about 315m, and the relative height difference with the lowest point at the foot of the mountain can reach 80m. There are large areas of open space on the south and east sides of the mountain, and the slope is relatively gentle, generally below 8, to meet the demand for construction land; The downward slope of the top of the mountain is about 100 m, with an average slope of more than 20%, which is only suitable for tree planting and greening, not suitable for construction land; The slope at the foot of the mountain is generally between 8% and 20%, and the land below 18% can be adapted to local conditions. (See Slope Analysis Diagram for details)
After analysis and research, we think: 1. Yidu Health School is located in Qingzhou City with profound cultural heritage. After hundreds of years of cultural accumulation, the school itself has formed its own characteristics. How to embody these historical cultures in the planning is the foothold of our planning. 2. The terrain of the base is quite complex, so how to deal with and use the terrain, solve the traffic problems and carry out reasonable zoning is our key consideration. 3. How to transform complex terrain conditions?
Third, the planning basis
1, index of university building planning area (1992)
2. Planning and design conditions provided by the school.
3, Qingzhou city planning related laws and regulations
Fourth, the planning principles
1, inheriting civilization, pioneering and innovating
It has been more than 100 years since the school was founded by Wu Chengxian in 1885. Yidu Health School aims at inheriting medical science and cultivating medical talents for human health, and has always maintained excellent school-running ability in wartime and peacetime. At present, school education should take on the role of cultivating students' operational ability, embody the information characteristics in the era of knowledge economy, integrate traditional culture with modern civilization, and provide space and environment for all teachers and students to communicate freely.
2, humanistic care, respect for nature
Follow the principle of "people-oriented", strengthen the concept of "campus community", fully consider the characteristics and relationships of teaching, scientific research, life, recreation and other activities, form a characteristic space with clear boundaries and convenient contact, and build the campus into a vibrant educational base and cultural information exchange place.
In addition, we should respect and rationally use the natural environment and topography, strengthen the integration and infiltration of artificial environment and natural environment, and create an ecological and garden-like school campus environment.
3. Forward-looking and sustainable development
In order to adapt to the development and management mode of international schools in the future, the new campus will be built into a first-class campus of similar schools in China with distinctive characteristics of the times from the perspective of being conducive to the future discipline development and construction management requirements of the school.
The use of group building units and clear functional zoning mode makes the campus environment more adaptable and flexible, and at the same time, it pays attention to intensive development to meet the needs of phased construction, leaving room for long-term construction and realizing the sustainable development of campus construction.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) planning concept
Our design concept can be summed up in one sentence as "the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine in a century-old medical college, and the apricot forest in Kyushu is in the mountains and rivers".
1, Yidu Health School has formed a unique cultural atmosphere and corresponding campus characteristics after hundreds of years of construction, which should be inherited in the planning of the new campus and has a "centenary" commemorative significance; Medicine is divided into traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. Wu Chengxian, the founder of Health School, combines Chinese and Western culture. The combination of Chinese and western medicine is one of the characteristics of Yidu Health School, and it also reflects the style of combining Chinese and western medicine in architectural design. Qilu culture and Kyushu culture are the representatives of China traditional culture and should reflect the historical and cultural characteristics of ancient Qingzhou.
2. The juxtaposition of rites and music is a traditional philosophical concept of China. Confucius said that people's learning is based on ceremony and happiness is successful. It represents two realms of life: propriety and pleasure, propriety-discipline and strictness, which are extended to self-cultivation and scientific rationality academically and to regular architectural space form in architecture; Music-freedom and relaxation, extends to leisure, entertainment and humanistic spirit academically, and to free and flexible environmental space form in architecture.
3. The theory of Yin and Yang Taiji is the most profound theory in China's philosophy. Yin and Yang represent two different states of the same noumenon (Tai Chi), which are both opposite and unified, thus forming a complete whole. This philosophical theory has been widely extended to many disciplines-academics, architecture and so on. It is also the philosophical basis of medical theoretical system, so in planning and construction, we should pay attention to the theme and characteristics to be expressed by health colleges;
4. In medical theory, meridians run through Yin and Yang and communicate with the outside world, making the whole a dynamic and balanced organism. Extending to planning and design is the concept of pulse. Through the pulse running through the whole park, we can communicate the internal and external space environment, shape the cultural characteristics of the environment and strengthen the cultural atmosphere of the campus.
Planning structure and functional partition of intransitive verbs
In order to fully reflect the local and professional characteristics and inherit the historical context, the campus planning and layout fully absorbed the theoretical essence of China's traditional philosophy, that is, Tai Chi gives birth to two instruments, rites and music coexist, and meridians intersect, showing a spatial pattern of "one heart, one belt, three axes and four nodes".
"One heart" refers to the high point of the main building of the bookstore as the core.
"Belt" refers to a herbaceous garden formed by the transformation of steep terrain, which forms a central ecological green vein that runs through the whole garden and permeates all nodes, and becomes a natural open space shared by teaching areas and living areas.
"Three axes" refers to the three axes radiated from the library.
"Four nodes" refers to the four nodes of teaching, experiment, life and physical education. The whole park is in the layout of "Southern Rites and Northern Music". Rite, Yang Ye, which means regular and strict, consists of regular and modular buildings, mainly referring to the teaching experimental area; Musicians, music also means freedom and relaxation, which is a daily leisure space mainly formed by student living quarters.
At the same time, the planning draws lessons from the concepts of meridians and neurons in the theory of Chinese and Western medicine to design axes and nodes-a series of neurons with different cultural characteristics formed by grouped teaching groups, botanical gardens and dormitory buildings, which are connected in series through the "meridians" formed by walking spatial sequences to communicate the spatial environment inside and outside the school.
The analysis of the development trend of vocational education in China shows that the theoretical teaching part will tend to be diluted, and the universality of the teaching and experimental building will be enhanced, so it is appropriate to arrange it centrally. Moreover, this kind of building is generally large in area, regular in shape and complicated in terrain, so it is necessary to choose land with relatively flat terrain. For schools of this size, considering the reasonable service radius, the living area and sports area should be arranged in groups around the central teaching area. In addition, considering that Qingzhou is located in the north of China and needs central heating, all kinds of buildings should be concentrated as far as possible, and the activity venue should be arranged in the periphery as far as possible to reduce the length of heating pipes and heat loss. Campus land is divided into eight functional areas: pre-school area, teaching experiment area, library office area, student living area, school-run industrial area, logistics service area, sports area and herb planting area.
1, preschool area
The front area of the school is located on the east side of the campus, surrounded by teaching buildings and experimental buildings. As soon as you enter the campus gate, it is the Nightingale Square, which symbolizes the Health School. On the north side of the square is Chengxian Lake named to commemorate the founder of the school. Nightingale Square is relatively flat, which is the distribution place in front of the school. Along the Nightingale Square, there is a historical and cultural corridor, which is mainly paved by stepping and hard paving. Rising layer by layer means that "there is a road service in Shushan". Starting from Nightingale Square and Chengxian Lake represents the beginning of the construction of nursing specialty and health school, and reaching the school history museum at the top of the mountain through the historical and cultural corridor symbolizes that the health school has reached a peak after a hundred years of historical and cultural accumulation.
2. Teaching experimental area
It is the main functional area of the campus, located in the center, facing the main entrance, and consists of three groups of teaching buildings and three groups of experimental buildings. The buildings go up step by step along the terrain, forming the landscape characteristics of mountain buildings in elevation effect, and forming a courtyard-style space form in the teaching building and experimental building group.
Step 3 book an office area
The area is located at the highest point of the campus, including the library, the lecture hall for 600 people and the school history museum. Looking from the main entrance, the library with Qingshan as the background has an extraordinary momentum.
4. Student living quarters
The student living area is located on the north side of the campus according to the scale of 6000 students. Students' pedestrian street is formed around the dormitory by terrain, and public communication space is formed in the living area. The part facing the teaching area is treated in an open way, which smoothly introduces the flow of students into the teaching area. In the middle of the living area, the dining room is arranged on the north side to meet the use demand. In addition, the goods in the canteen are transported through the north entrance, which also reduces the impact on the living quarters and campus landscape.
5. School-run industrial zone
The school-run industrial zone, including the international exchange center and the affiliated hospital, belongs to the external functional zone of the school, so planning to put it on the outer edge of the land is conducive to foreign exchange and reduce the impact of external functions on the campus.
6. Logistics service area
The logistics service area, including the power center and the logistics office, is located in the northwest corner of the school to minimize the pollution and impact on the campus and has its own exit.
7. Sports area
The sports ground is greatly limited by the terrain conditions, and the starting point of planning is to save costs and meet the sports needs of students conveniently. So the sports area is divided into two pieces, one of which is arranged on the southeast side of the campus. The terrain of this area is relatively flat, with a standard track and field with a 400-meter runway, stands, gymnasiums, basketball courts, volleyball courts and other facilities and venues. The other piece is arranged around the student dormitory in combination with the terrain to facilitate students' sports.
8. Herbal planting areas
Located around the library, mainly considering that the slope in this area is too large, basically above 20%, combined with the treatment of slope, the area is transformed into an experimental planting base of Baicaoyuan.
Seven, road system and vertical planning
1, entrance setting
The west side of the campus land is surrounded by mountains, so it is inconvenient to communicate with the outside world. Three entrances and exits are planned in the southeast and north directions. The main entrance is arranged on Yunmen Mountain South Road on the east side, mainly considering that this road is the main road of the city and has been opened to traffic; In addition, from the landscape point of view, the main entrance is opened in the east, and the main buildings are set on the mountain peaks, forming a good landscape level. Add an auxiliary entrance and exit on the north side and the south side (to facilitate the external contact of students' life and logistics).
2. Road system
The road system of the school consists of carriageways and sidewalks.
The main garage road is a loop, which passes through the edge of each functional area, which not only meets the convenient contact between functional areas in the campus, but also facilitates the external contact of the school. The garage pavement is 9 meters wide and the sidewalk is 3 meters wide. The alignment design fully considers the combination with the current terrain, so that the technical indexes such as horizontal curve and vertical curve of the road fully meet the requirements of the specification.
Walking is the main activity of each functional area, in which the historical and cultural corridor is the main walking passage and the student street is also the main walking space. Where the roadway is inaccessible due to the slope, the pedestrian passage is organized in steps, which combines the roadway with the pedestrian direction and connects the functional areas in series into a whole.
Judging from the topographical conditions, centralized motor vehicle parking lots are mainly arranged near affiliated hospitals and international exchange centers. In other functional areas, the corresponding parking spaces are mainly distributed along the road.
3. Vertical design
The vertical design of roads and sites, on the basis of fully combining the current topographic characteristics, not only considers the needs of site flood control and drainage and road alignment, but also coordinates with architectural forms and outdoor environmental facilities, reflecting the characteristics of slopes, avoiding large-scale filling and excavation, striving for economy and rationality, and having strong operability.
Road route selection follows the principle of horizontal and vertical coordination, and the plane alignment is smooth and convenient, and the vertical alignment meets the requirements of vehicle driving. The outdoor site is divided into different platforms according to the change of elevation difference, and slope protection or retaining wall is set on different platforms. As one of the elements of landscaping, this kind of engineering facilities adopt vertical greening, grass slope, grass slope block stone combination and other treatment methods to achieve harmony with the overall environment.
Eight, green space system planning
Greening is the basic element to create a vibrant university campus. The planning takes surrounding mountains as the background, historical and cultural corridors as the core, and netted greening corridors as the skeleton to build a perfect greening system and create an organic blend of artificial environment and natural environment.
1, landscape axis
Take the western mountain peaks as the opposite scene, control the necessary sight corridor and shape the multi-axis visual landscape; Make full use of the hillside with good vegetation as the background, introduce external greening into the functional area, and form a "green landscape" with internal and external infiltration.
On the basis of continuing the spatial layout characteristics of Qilu traditional buildings, the plan adopts the method of "virtual-real transformation" to create the main axis of spatial landscape facing the main entrance, and arranges the secondary axes of landscape in the teaching area and dormitory area on the north and south sides.
The main axis of the landscape takes the nightingale square in front of the school as a prelude, the cultural corridor as a transition, the library as a climax and the school history museum as the end point, forming a spatial sequence of "starting", "inheriting", "turning" and "merging". Through the transformation of the sight corridor, the spatial integration with the surrounding landscape is realized.
On the main axis of landscape, pay attention to the construction of waterscape and the treatment of terraced fields. The main nodes are arranged with different dynamic and static water surfaces, and pedestrian streets are arranged around the water system to enhance environmental vitality.
The setting of landscape secondary axis also takes into account the landscape permeability, the mountain landscape characteristics of "visible" and "visible", and realizes the unity of spatial form in the form of "axis".
2. Landscape node design
According to the differences of environmental characteristics, the campus is divided into seven types, namely: Nightingale Square, Chengxian Lake District, Teaching Area, Library Front Area, Student Dormitory Area, Sports Activity Area and Herb Garden. The general idea is that the environmental design of each region should meet the needs of its own activities and form its own landscape characteristics.
(1) Nightingale Square District
The entrance takes the main school gate as the starting point of the main axis, combines modern design concepts and traditional consciousness, and reconciles the relationship between soft green decoration and hard structure to achieve attractive effects and create a perfect entrance image.
(2) Chengxian Lake District
It can be regarded as an emotional conversion space for students to go to the classroom and return to the dormitory after class. In the design, greening is the main way, and semi-regular and semi-free treatment methods are adopted to realize the natural transition of the two types of space. By controlling the sight corridor, you can have a panoramic view of the surrounding mountains, which is refreshing.
(3) Teaching area
Drawing lessons from the traditional space treatment method, lawns, flower beds and floors are neatly arranged in a regular courtyard. The persimmon trees currently growing are preserved and transplanted, which reflects the solemn and generous environmental characteristics of the teaching area, and the simple and convenient walking passage is convenient for students to enter and leave the classroom. Courtyards composed of buildings are named after ancient medical celebrities, such as Huatuo Hospital, Bian Que Hospital and Zhongjing Hospital. , to highlight the characteristics of the school and set the theme of the landscape.
(4) Library area
It embodies the characteristics of self-discipline and self-study, and uses the treatment of the platform to contrast the grand personality of the library building, with neat trees around it, and strengthens the symmetry of the space. The south side and the north side are combined with terrain changes, and natural grass slopes are arranged to form outdoor reading places.
(5) student dormitory area
The building is arranged along the slope to form an internal gathering space. The design purpose is to provide a place for students to relax and communicate freely. In order to highlight their cultural atmosphere, each group was named Zhongyan Academy, Ouyang Academy and Qingzhao Academy to encourage students to learn from outstanding figures in Qingzhou history.
(6) Sports area
Combined with the present situation, the terrain is rectified to form several platforms with different height differences, and retaining walls and steps are set outside the platforms.
(7) Vanilla Garden
Through the arrangement of a little natural terrain, a natural and ecological botanical garden is formed.
Nine, phased construction planning
Fully consider the economy and feasibility of phased construction, ensure the orderly development of the school, make the various stages of construction organically connected, avoid the interference of later construction to the normal teaching order, and leave room for long-term development. The planning proposal is mainly divided into two stages.
The first phase of the project includes the main school gate, some teaching and experimental complex buildings, some student dormitories, student canteens and some sports venues, forming a complete functional area to meet the teaching and living needs and scientific research and development needs of 3000 students.
The second phase of construction will continue to improve on the basis of the first phase. The construction projects include the library, some teaching and experimental complex buildings and some student dormitories, which basically meet the teaching and living requirements of 6,000 students. The second-stage construction mainly uses the second-stage entrance to minimize the interference to the completed part of the first stage.