First,? Overview?
Internship purpose:
1.？ By watching the typical buildings and common buildings under construction, the knowledge learned in class is combined with the actual building examples. ?
2.？ Visit and understand all kinds of buildings, understand the layout, distribution, appearance and some architectural decorations of buildings, and improve the ability of architectural appreciation. ?
3.？ When visiting various buildings, we should pay attention to the principles and purposes of adopting various architectural measures, and at the same time pay attention to improving our spatial imagination.
4.？ Pay attention to all kinds of construction techniques when visiting the construction site under construction. ?
5. Have a general understanding of the application of the learned professional knowledge in future work, and increase the interest in learning professional knowledge. ? Second,?
Internship process:?
Internship time:? XX month of 20XX to XX month of 20XX. ?
Internship location:? XXXX .？
Third,?
Internship content:?
Under the guidance of the teacher, we visited the buildings in use, the construction site and some newly completed buildings without decoration. ? (1) Does architectural knowledge know? 1. Understanding of school visits. ?
The teacher introduced foot binding, kerbs and walls. Legging refers to the part of the wall near the outdoor ground, and the height generally refers to the height difference between the indoor ground and the outdoor ground. The role of constraint feet is to prevent the erosion of groundwater and rainwater dripping from eaves, thus protecting the wall surface, ensuring indoor dryness and improving the durability of buildings. The height of the feet shall not be less than 700 mm Waterproof and durable materials, such as cement mortar or stone, shall form a closed moistureproof system with aproll and horizontal moistureproof layer of the wall. Mushroom stones used in the surface layer of the wall are aligned on one side and made into L-shape on the other side, which is convenient for adjacent mushroom stones to be aligned and discharged. The design of the foyer should follow the principle that the bigger the better. I learned something, such as shear walls, cantilever beams and bay windows outside. For the wall with cantilever beam, shear wall must be built because it is too big. The three kinds of deformation joints of the wall should be observed in front of the engineering building, between the engineering building and the electromechanical experimental building, and between the Wenjing building and the biological building. The expansion joints of the biological building and the settlement joints of the electromechanical experimental building are probably not seismic joints. In the afternoon, the property market gave us a detailed explanation of these three kinds of deformation joints. The purpose of setting three kinds of joints: expansion joints are to prevent deformation and cracks in buildings due to temperature changes. Settlement joint is to prevent structural deformation and damage caused by uneven settlement of various parts of the building. Anti-seismic joint is to prevent the stiffness difference of different parts of the building from damaging the building under the action of earthquake shock wave. Then there is disconnection. The expansion joint starts from the top surface of the foundation and disconnects all the above-ground components such as wall, floor and roof, so that the foundation is continuously opened. The settlement joint should be disconnected from the foundation to the roof. Anti-seismic joints start from the top surface of the foundation, and disconnect all the above-ground components such as walls, floors and roofs, so that the foundation will not be opened. In seismic fortification areas, when expansion joints or settlement joints need to be set in buildings, they should be treated as seismic joints. Width setting of three kinds of deformation joints: expansion joints are generally 20-30 mm Should comply with the relevant provisions of the Code for Design of Masonry Structures. Settlement joints are related to foundation conditions and building height, generally 30-70mm, and the joint width of buildings on soft foundation should be appropriately increased. The seismic joints of multi-storey brick houses are 50-70 mm according to the design intensity.
The next step is to visit the stairs. For example, the double stairs in the engineering building, the three stairs in the Wenjing building, the scissors stairs in the art museum, and the double-fold stairs we see every day in the dormitory. There are also steel cantilever stairs in the north of the art museum. Stairs are mainly composed of steps, platforms and handrails. Generally, the number of steps in each stair section should not exceed 18, and should not be less than 3 steps. Stair platforms are divided into floor platforms and intermediate platforms according to different positions. The main function of the intermediate platform is to relieve fatigue and change direction. The steps of stairs are divided into open steps and dark steps. The ladder beam is at the lower part of the step board, and the step is exposed, which is called open step. The ladder beam is on the upper part of the step board, forming a counter beam, and the step is wrapped by the beam, which is called dark step. The combination between the stair platform beam and the steps is constructed according to different situations. Some basic principles are that the platform beams are arranged along the stairs. There is also the difference between folded plate and folded beam. After that, we had time to visit the elevator in the main building and the fire stairs next to it. Elevator is mainly composed of machine room, shaft and car. ?
The teacher also explained to us the relationship between buildings, including walkways, foyer, lobby and atrium. The sidewalk is the most widely used traffic contact component in buildings. The width of a single stream is 550 ~ 600 mm And some special circumstances need to set up barrier-free access. The foyer is a transportation hub, which plays the role of internal and external transition and crowd distribution at the main entrance and exit of the building. For example, the lobby of the engineering building and the lobby of Wenjing building. The lobby is generally located at the junction of various plates of the complex building, or at the centralized intersection of some people or logistics inside the building. For example, the lobby at the junction of the first floor of Wenjing Building and the South Library. Atrium is also called patio, and Wenjing Building has one. There is a glass manhole cover above the atrium, which has good lighting performance. Clear guidance is an important issue in hall design.
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