The main sign of the formation of Liulichang Cultural Street is the emergence of a large number of bookstores. There are more antique calligraphy and painting shops than books, but the bookstores here are still the largest and most concentrated in Beijing. In a word, it can't be compared with the Book Building and Wangfujing Bookstore, but it can be said that literature, history, philosophy and art books are not inferior. China Bookstore is the first state-owned antique bookstore established by 1952 in Beijing. 1958, the antique bookstore was jointly owned by the public and the ` 1 1 antique bookstore in the city was merged into a national bookstore, which continued the development of the antique bookstore industry. China Bookstore is one of the largest ancient book bookstores in China, and its newly printed ancient books and books related to the study of ancient books are a major feature. It also collects ancient books, rubbings, rubbings, old books, old newspapers and magazines. Binding and repairing ancient books is also its business. The cultural heritage bookstore is more like a museum, where you can also see precious rare books. Visiting can increase your knowledge. Cai Hua Music Art Company was the former Commercial Press in the late Qing Dynasty, and 1958 was the largest bookstore in Beijing at that time. The cultural relic bookstore is perfect in Liulichang. The Commercial Press and Zhonghua Book Company have no sense of aging. They are either lined up or echoed from a distance, which is the best display of the tradition of book collection.
Everyone who loves books knows that reading and searching books are the most time-consuming. It's best not to have too clear goals when buying books, or you will be disappointed in nine cases out of ten. Planting flowers is often intentional, but planting willows is unintentional; You can't find a place to get it, and you don't have to work hard to get it. Every time I pass by Liulichang, I always go to the bookstore whenever I have time. When reading a book, I always feel that time is not enough, so I keep pushing back the rest of the time. Some books are read when they are bought, but they are read less when they come back, and almost become reference books. Check them when I use them. Visiting a bookstore is addictive, and it tickles if you don't go for a little longer. When I was a child, I naively thought it would be nice to have bookstores all over the street.
Speaking of the name Wang Haicun, it is far away. It was called this name in the Liao Dynasty. At that time, it was a small village in Xiang Yan, the eastern suburb of Liao capital. At that time, there were many temples and the economy was prosperous, but it was later destroyed by war. The Yuan Dynasty was a kiln for firing glazed tiles. Ming Dynasty was one of the five largest kiln factories of the Ministry of Industry, so it was called Liulichang, but it made great contributions to the glory of Beijing. After the Liao Dynasty, it was desolate for a long time, and it was not until the outer city was expanded in the thirty-second year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1553) that this area began to be inhabited again. At the end of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, for the safety of the palace, the official moved the lantern festival and bookstore that had been held in the inner city to the kiln of Liulichang, so there was the custom of visiting the factory during the Spring Festival and it became lively again. Liulichang's earliest book industry began in the Ming Dynasty, and it was a distribution center for antiques, cultural relics, books, calligraphy and painting. It was brilliant after moving out in the Qing Dynasty. Especially in the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong (1733), Siku Quanshu was opened and editors from all sides gathered in Beijing. Most of them live in Xuannan area, so they come here to look for books for textual research, which makes the book market in Liulichang more prosperous. At that time, there were more than 30 famous antique dealers and booksellers here. Sikuquanshu was compiled in 10. According to the records, there are 360 librarians. Can Liulichang not prosper? By the early years of Guangxu, there were more than 220 bookstores, including more than 50 antique and calligraphy shops. Up to now, Liulichang Cultural Street still retains many time-honored brands, such as Laixun Pavilion, Youya Hall, Wenkui Hall, Song Junge and Commercial Press, which were founded in the Qing Dynasty. Songzhuzhai was founded in Kangxi 1 1 (1672) in Qing Dynasty, which is today's Rong Baozhai. Huaiyin Mountain House and Bo Gu Zhai, which were founded in Xianfeng period; Founded in Tongzhi years, there is a Dege ink factory; During Guangxu period, there were Qingyun Hall, Yunguzhai, Baoguzhai, Baojinzhai, Cuizhenzhai and Miqing Pavilion. Zhonghua Book Company and Jia Yazhai were founded in the Republic of China. Many famous artists such as Lu Xun, Zheng Zhenduo, Zhang Boju, Zhu Ziqing, Deng Tuo, Lao She, Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and Chen Banding are frequent visitors here.
1927, the Peace Gate was opened, the factory bridge was demolished, Xinhua Street in the south was opened, and the Liulichang was split in two. East Liulichang is mainly used for antiques, while West Liulichang is mainly used for books. Today, most of the shops in Liulichang Cultural Street were rebuilt after 1978, which caused a great controversy at that time, because the rebuilt ones were fake antiques after all, and similar disputes were far from over, because the wind of tearing down the real and building fakes had not been completely curbed.
Understanding Liulichang and Changdian seems to be a very distant thing for me. When I was in primary school and middle school, I liked painting best. I go to Rong Baozhai every three days, or buy some paints, rice paper, brushes or sketchbooks, and look at famous works by the way. For example, Ren Bonian, Wu Changshuo, Qi Baishi, Xu Beihong, Liu Haisu, Pan Tianshou, Fu Baoshi, Qian Songyan, Li Keran, Li Kuchan, Goh Zuoren, Huangzhou, and so on are all familiar. The biggest feeling that Liulichang gave me was the profoundness of China culture, which cultivated my love for national culture and motherland.
At that time, due to the difficulties of family life, most of the pigments were bought by a few people, and the integrated ones could not afford it. I remember that at that time, the pigment of Chinese painting was seven points and nine points, and it was more than ten points expensive. At that time, I felt that I had money in the future, and I had to buy rice paper one knife at a time; You must buy several combinations of pigments. I didn't expect to keep more paper I bought later, and some pigments dried up when I used less. When I was a child, my slightly embarrassing life didn't make me develop the good habit of careful calculation, as if I was absorbed in painting and knew nothing else. It seems that I have some economic common sense, especially when I watch a multi-storey or even a dozen or twenty-storey building being demolished. After all, it hasn't been built for many years, and I don't know if it should be built at that time or now. The ancients said that civil engineering could not be moved. We demolished the building and built it. Isn't it too casual? Isn't this a waste of resources? Demolition does not necessarily lose money, and new construction does not necessarily lose money. What is lost is the wealth of the whole society. After all, it is the money of the country and the people. Now, Liulichang area has entered a new round of transformation. There are rumors that Liulichang Cultural Street will be demolished and rebuilt. Of course, many people disagree. This is not an affirmation of the original demolition and construction, but a negation of our infinite cycle reconstruction. The more we build, the more fake it is, and the more we build, which is a common problem in many of our reconstruction projects. For example, the tiles are not used well, the colors are scribbled, the gatehouse is shoddy, and the porcelain plate is pretending to be a floor tile, and one piece is lost after a few days. According to the regulations, only Wang Fu and temples can use pipe tiles. The so-called pipe tile is a tubular roof, which is relatively rare in the old city. Their houses are obviously higher than ordinary houses. We may not all abide by the rules of the Qing Dynasty, but we should not be too casual to avoid confusion.